1939 Weranian federal election: Difference between revisions
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| swing2 = {{increase}}2.78% | | swing2 = {{increase}}2.78% | ||
<!-- | <!-- Radicals--> | ||
| image3 = [[File: | | image3 = [[File:Jan Masaryk .jpg|150x150px]] | ||
| leader3 = | | leader3 = [[Hans Doblhoff-Dier]] | ||
| leaders_seat3 = | | leaders_seat3 = Bonnlitz-Ostbrücken | ||
| party3 = [[ | | party3 = [[Radical Party (Werania)|Radicals]] | ||
| color3 = | | color3 = a672a6 | ||
| last_election3 = | | last_election3 = 80 seats, 13.41% | ||
| seats3 = 55 | | seats3 = 55 | ||
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} | | seat_change3 = {{decrease}}25 | ||
| popular_vote3 = 1,457,935 | | popular_vote3 = 1,457,935 | ||
| percentage3 = 9.12% | | percentage3 = 9.12% | ||
| swing3 = {{decrease}} | | swing3 = {{decrease}}4.29% | ||
<!-- Landbund--> | <!-- Landbund--> | ||
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| swing4 = {{decrease}}1.06% | | swing4 = {{decrease}}1.06% | ||
<!-- | <!-- SPO --> | ||
| image5 = [[File: | | image5 = [[File:Otto Glöckel (1874-1935).jpg|150x150px]] | ||
| leader5 = | | leader5 = Jochen Kammerer | ||
| leaders_seat5 = | | leaders_seat5 = [[Cislania]] | ||
| party5 = [[ | | party5 = [[Social Democratic Party of Werania|SPO]] | ||
| color5 = | | color5 = DE3163 | ||
| last_election5 = | | last_election5 = 56 seats, 9.48% | ||
| seats5 = 45 | | seats5 = 45 | ||
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}} | | seat_change5 = {{decrease}}11 | ||
| popular_vote5 = 1,206,849 | | popular_vote5 = 1,206,849 | ||
| percentage5 = 7.55% | | percentage5 = 7.55% | ||
| swing5 = {{decrease}} | | swing5 = {{decrease}}1.93% | ||
<!--OVP--> | <!--OVP--> | ||
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| before_election = [[Gustav Blumentritt]] | | before_election = [[Gustav Blumentritt]] | ||
| before_party = [[Centre Party (Werania)|Landbund]] | | before_party = [[Centre Party (Werania)|Landbund]] | ||
| after_election = [[ | | after_election = [[Hans Doblhoff-Dier]] | ||
| after_party = [[ | | after_party = [[Radical Party (Werania)|Radical]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''23<sup>rd</sup> federal election''' was held in the [[Werania|Weranian Confederation]] for the [[House of Deputies (Werania)|House of Deputies]] (the lower house of the [[Bundestag of Werania|Bundestag]]) on the 14<sup>th</sup> March 1939. All 584 members of the House of Deputies were elected under a system of {{wp|proportional representation}} with each ''{{wp|regierungsbezirke}}'' treated as an electoral districts. These would be the second elections held following the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] after the expiration of the term of the House of Deputies. | The '''23<sup>rd</sup> federal election''' was held in the [[Werania|Weranian Confederation]] for the [[House of Deputies (Werania)|House of Deputies]] (the lower house of the [[Bundestag of Werania|Bundestag]]) on the 14<sup>th</sup> March 1939. All 584 members of the House of Deputies were elected under a system of {{wp|proportional representation}} with each ''{{wp|regierungsbezirke}}'' treated as an electoral districts. These would be the second elections held following the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] after the expiration of the term of the House of Deputies. | ||
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Persistent economic woes, labour disputes and social polarisation had raised the prospect of left-wing government gaining power. The right however were divided with the National Liberals and Landbund advocating for a centrist government whilst the Catholics and the conservatives advocated for a union of the right. The centre-left Radical party meanwhile was vague surrounding the prospect of entering a government including or supported by the OSAI instead supporting social reform. | Persistent economic woes, labour disputes and social polarisation had raised the prospect of left-wing government gaining power. The right however were divided with the National Liberals and Landbund advocating for a centrist government whilst the Catholics and the conservatives advocated for a union of the right. The centre-left Radical party meanwhile was vague surrounding the prospect of entering a government including or supported by the OSAI instead supporting social reform. | ||
The election saw the parties of the outgoing government - the Landbund, NLP, SPO and Radicals - losing seats whilst the OSAI gained, making it the best result for left-wing parties since the 1918 election. The [[Sotirian Democratic Homeland|Ruttish Sotirian Democratic Party]] entered the Bundestag for the first time and the Catholic Social Party re-emerged as the largest non-socialist party. As a result the | The election saw the parties of the outgoing government - the Landbund, NLP, SPO and Radicals - losing seats whilst the OSAI gained, making it the best result for left-wing parties since the 1918 election. The [[Sotirian Democratic Homeland|Ruttish Sotirian Democratic Party]] entered the Bundestag for the first time and the Catholic Social Party re-emerged as the largest non-socialist party. As a result the five party coalition continued its mandate under the Radical Party leadership of Hans Doblhoff-Dier. | ||
==Electoral process== | ==Electoral process== | ||
The election was held using a system of {{wp|proportional repsentation}} that had been introduced in 1905. The country had 76 electoral districts based on the {{wp|regierungsbezirke}} with no {{wp|electoral threshold}}. Seat totals were calculated via the {{wp|D'Hondt method|greatest divisors method}}. | The election was held using a system of {{wp|proportional repsentation}} that had been introduced in 1905. The country had 76 electoral districts based on the {{wp|regierungsbezirke}} with no {{wp|electoral threshold}}. Seat totals were calculated via the {{wp|D'Hondt method|greatest divisors method}}. | ||
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| Jochen Kammerer | | Jochen Kammerer | ||
| {{Composition bar|56|584|hex=#DE3163}} | | {{Composition bar|56|584|hex=#DE3163}} | ||
| {{ | | {{Y}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background:#a672a6" | | | style="background:#a672a6" | | ||
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| [[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|Catholic Social Party]] | | [[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|Catholic Social Party]] | ||
| {{wp|Political Catholicism}}, {{Wp|Christian Democracy|Sotirian Democracy}} | | {{wp|Political Catholicism}}, {{Wp|Christian Democracy|Sotirian Democracy}} | ||
| [[ | | [[Dietrich zu Kolbenheyer]] | ||
| {{Composition bar|79|584|hex=#FAA61A}} | | {{Composition bar|79|584|hex=#FAA61A}} | ||
| {{ | | {{Y}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|{{wp|Right-wing politics|Right}} | |{{wp|Right-wing politics|Right}} | ||
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|align=left|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|Catholic Social Party]]||2,568,317||16.07||97||<span style="color:green">+18</span> | |align=left|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|Catholic Social Party]]||2,568,317||16.07||97||<span style="color:green">+18</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background-color:# | |style="background-color:#a672a6"| | ||
|align=left|[[ | |align=left|[[Radical Party (Werania)|Radical Party]]|||1,457,935||9.12||55||<span style="color:red">-25</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background-color:#1BB100"| | |style="background-color:#1BB100"| | ||
|align=left|[[Centre Party (Werania)|Rural Federation]]||1,268,317||7.93||48||<span style="color:red">-6</span> | |align=left|[[Centre Party (Werania)|Rural Federation]]||1,268,317||7.93||48||<span style="color:red">-6</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background-color:# | |style="background-color:#DE3163"| | ||
|align=left|[[ | |align=left|[[Social Democratic Party of Werania]]|1,206,849||7.55||45||<span style="color:red">-11</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background-color:#1F497D"| | |style="background-color:#1F497D"| |
Revision as of 23:36, 1 March 2023
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All 584 seats to the House of Deputies 292 seats are needed for a majority in the House of Deputies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 16,117,435 (79.81%) 3.90% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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File:1939 election map.png | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 23rd federal election was held in the Weranian Confederation for the House of Deputies (the lower house of the Bundestag) on the 14th March 1939. All 584 members of the House of Deputies were elected under a system of proportional representation with each regierungsbezirke treated as an electoral districts. These would be the second elections held following the Great War after the expiration of the term of the House of Deputies.
The election came as the country suffered from an inflationary spiral in the post-war period triggered by the devaluation of the mark and the removal of wartime price controls. The outgoing centrist government of the Landbund, Radical, Catholic Social, Social Democratic and National Liberal parties led by Landbund leader Gustav Blumentritt was unpopular with its slim parliamentary majority making it increasingly ineffective in passing legislation. In March a dispute over planned wage cuts in line with the government's incomes policy caused the left-wing of the Radicals and the Social Democrats to trigger a vote of no confidence against the Blumentritt cabinet causing it to collapse.
Persistent economic woes, labour disputes and social polarisation had raised the prospect of left-wing government gaining power. The right however were divided with the National Liberals and Landbund advocating for a centrist government whilst the Catholics and the conservatives advocated for a union of the right. The centre-left Radical party meanwhile was vague surrounding the prospect of entering a government including or supported by the OSAI instead supporting social reform.
The election saw the parties of the outgoing government - the Landbund, NLP, SPO and Radicals - losing seats whilst the OSAI gained, making it the best result for left-wing parties since the 1918 election. The Ruttish Sotirian Democratic Party entered the Bundestag for the first time and the Catholic Social Party re-emerged as the largest non-socialist party. As a result the five party coalition continued its mandate under the Radical Party leadership of Hans Doblhoff-Dier.
Electoral process
The election was held using a system of proportional repsentation that had been introduced in 1905. The country had 76 electoral districts based on the regierungsbezirke with no electoral threshold. Seat totals were calculated via the greatest divisors method.
Background
The previous election had been held in 1935 shortly after the conclusion of the Great War. The parties of the left - the Weranic Section of the Workers' International, the Social Democratic Party of Werania and the Radical Party - gained a majority but due to pressure from the monarch Leopold IV and mutual antipathy between the parties a centrist coalition of the Agrarians, Radicals and the National Liberals was formed under the wartime premier Otto Röttgen supported by the Catholics. Röttgen and Leopold IV had an ambitious programme of reform that sought to reshape Weranian politics but the assassination of Leopold IV in September 1936 and Röttgen's resignation five months later led to the reform programme to halt under premier Gustav Blumentritt who focused on the immediate economic troubles in Werania.
Parties
Affiliation | Party | Ideology | Spitzenkandidat | 1925 result | In government | ||
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Left | Weranic Section of the Workers' International | Socialism, Revolutionary socialism | Lothar Gotthold | 224 / 584
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Centre-left | Social Democratic Party of Werania | Social democracy, Reformism | Jochen Kammerer | 56 / 584
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Radical Party | Radicalism, Anti-clericalism | Adalbert Nischwitz | 80 / 584
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Centre-right | Landbund | Agrarianism, Liberalism | Gustav Blumentritt | 54 / 584
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National Liberal Party | National Liberalism, Classical liberalism | Elmar Künneth | 53 / 584
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Ruttish Sotirian Democratic Party | Ruttish regionalism, Sotirian Democracy | N/A[a 1] | 0 / 584
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Catholic Social Party | Political Catholicism, Sotirian Democracy | Dietrich zu Kolbenheyer | 79 / 584
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Right | Weranian Fatherland Party | National conservatism, Monarchism | Karl Theophil von Pölten | 38 / 584
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Campaign
Results
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weranic Section of the Workers' International | 6,267,582 | 39.21 | 238 | +14 | |
Catholic Social Party | 2,568,317 | 16.07 | 97 | +18 | |
Radical Party | 1,457,935 | 9.12 | 55 | -25 | |
Rural Federation | 1,268,317 | 7.93 | 48 | -6 | |
Social Democratic Party of Werania|1,206,849 | 7.55 | 45 | -11 | ||
Weranian Fatherland Party | 1,158,573 | 7.25 | 44 | +6 | |
National Liberal Party | 1,049,584 | 6.57 | 39 | −14 | |
Ruttish Sotirian Democratic Party | 475,804 | 2.98 | 18 | +18 | |
Others | 284,739 | 1.77 | 0 | - | |
Invalid/blank votes | 248,052 | – | – | – | |
Total | 15,985,752 | 100 | 584 | ±0 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 20,195,832 | 79.15 | – | – |
Aftermath
Outcome
Government formation
- ↑ The SDT did not nominate a spitzenkandidat.