Harold Osborne

The Right Honourable Harold Osborne KC
Prime Minister of Esthursia
Incumbent
Assumed office 30 January 2015
Monarch	Arthur VI
Deputy	Jeremy Wilson Evelyn Banbury
Preceded by	John Largan
Leader of the Social Democrats
Incumbent
Assumed office 30 January 2015
Preceded by	John Largan
Redethane for Health and Care
In office 23 January 2011 – 30 January 2015
Prime Minister	John Largan
Preceded by	Rosemary Manning
Succeeded by	Jeremy Wilson
Shadow Redethane for Working Rights
In office 17 June 2007 – 23 January 2011
Leader	John Largan
Preceded by	Jacob Newham-Smith
Succeeded by	William Gloucester
Shadow Redethane for Health and Care
In office 17 June 2007 – 23 January 2011
Leader	Mark Willesden
Preceded by	Graham Jones
Succeeded by	Rosemary Manning
Thane for Brantley Newcaster
Incumbent
Assumed office 2 April 2006
Preceded by	Sir Edmund North
Minister for Brantley Greenhill
In office 16 October 1998 – 2 April 2006
Preceded by	Janine Marbury
Succeeded by	Richard Elmstead
Majority	28,789 (40.7%)
Personal details
Born	Harold James Osborne (1970-06-19) 19 June 1970 Brantley, Esthursia
Nationality	Esthursian (Osynstric)
Political party	Social Democrats
Spouse	Georgia Edwards (m. 1995)
Children	2
Residence	192 Llywellyn's Street
Alma mater	University of Sutton (BA in PPE, 1991); University of Sutton (LLM, 1992)
Occupation	Politician
Profession	Human rights lawyer, economist

Harold Osborne (Harold James Osborne; born 19 June, 1970) has been the Prime Minister of Esthursia since 30 January 2015. Alongside his role as Prime Minister, Osborne also serves as the Leader of the Social Democrats and has represented Brantley South as a Baron since the 2006 Esthursian general election. He has also previously served as Secretary for Health under John Largan's administration, and in the Shadow Cabinet under Largan and Mark Willesden, having been seen as a rising star throughout the 2000s Harding era. His position as Shadow Secretary for Working Rights became unexpectedly important after the 2010 market crash and preceding industrial action, and he became a vocal critic of the Einarsson government.

Harold Osborne's leadership has been described as the "rebirth of socialism" by many of both his critics and supporters, despite Osborne describing himself as a "social democrat" initially, and four of the six consecutive general election victories have occurred under Osborne's tenure, most recently in September 2022. The Social Democrats under Osborne remain in power for the longest consecutive term since the Liberals of the 1950s-1970s, and Osborne himself is the longest-serving Forethegn of this century. Osborne's tenure has overseen a leftward movement of the Social Democrats, and a more active role for Esthursia geopolitically than existed before. Critics have blamed him for the rise of left-populism within Esthursia as well as participating in factionalism for personal advantage, while his supporters have praised his strong economic record of reducing inequality, his personal charisma as a stable pair of hands in government, and his pragmatic attitude, including handling the Wilson crises.

Early life

Osborne was born and grew up in suburban Brantley, in the north of Osynstry, and attended selective state schools for both primary and secondary, before staying within Brantley for university. It is known that Osborne joined the Social Democrats in his first year of university, after meeting with then-Prime Minister Edgar Heresparn.

Osborne studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics at the University of Sutton, an Oakland Group university within five kilometres of his home borough.

Before politics

Osborne entered the field of work in 1992, when a law firm in Shefforth employed him as a junior solicitor. Although most of his work was low profile, he was involved in the National Trade Union vs William Greenwood case in 1988 when Greenwood was controversially acquitted of human rights abuses, in a case that the Conservatives were accused of jury tampering in and in which a majority verdict rather than a unanimous one had to be reached.

He had also entered journalism, working with the Daily Herald - a newspaper which would later endorse his leadership campaign and election campaign - and mainly focussing on working rights. Osborne disclosed in an article in 1995 that he had voted Social Democrat, and had done so since being eligible in 1990.

Early political career

Osborne voted for John Largan to be Social Democrat leader in 1998, who lost to Mark Willesden. Remaining close to the Largan group, he began to maintain close contact with Largan throughout the noughties, earning him the nickname "second place's second hand man". Facing criticism for his remarks on Southerners "being a bit passive", he resigned as Shadow Redery member for 18 months before returning to his position. Osborne also voted alongside the 2006 coup on Mark Willesden, ending his tenure after two successive electoral defeats, and repeated his vote for John Largan.

Going on to serve in Largan's Redery, Osborne both ran the Health and Care (shortened to Care during Largan's government) and Working Rights rederies, with his position being "avidly followed by both moderates and hardliners", over his crucial position during the General Strike of 2010. After the January 2011 Esthursian general election, Osborne entered government in his old roles, and served over the expansion of the mental health budget, the opening of New Start and rehabilitation programmes, the start of the Social Care Service - which merged into the UHCS under Osborne's later tenure - and the codification of the right to secondary action.

Forethegn of the Union (2015-present)

First term (2015-2018)

The general election of 2014 occurred against the backdrop of an expectation for Largan's landslide three years before to be reversed into a slim Conservative Union government, returning the party to governance after just 3 years of left-leaning government. Largan's personal popularity, and a divisive campaign by the right marred by the debate to expel Einarsson, reversed these fortunes and delivered an unexpected Social Democratic government; however the damage had already been done to Largan's record, and the Social Democrats had fallen back to second-largest in the House of Thanes, albeit still in government. John Largan initially attempted to stay in power, having successfully wangled out a coalition deal with the prominent new left-wing Progressive Group, however he viewed his position untenable - especially as the Progressive Group significantly curbed his power to lead as a centre-left Forethane, and other figures such as Osborne himself were manoeuvring - and resigned in December 2014.

Harold Osborne ran to become leader of the Social Democrats successfully in January 2015, following a no confidence vote in John Largan, and promised to "steer the party back to its ideological heartlands" - defeating hard-left candidate Wilbert White, and Third Way Willesden-era candidate Sophia Blackburn. Soon after, Osborne consolidated a deal with the Progressive Group - a former faction of the Social Democrats - to unite and appoint their leader, Jeremy Wilson, to become Chancellor.

Osborne's early years were punctuated by a steady but clear reversal of thirty years of moderate Social Democratic leadership. The results were polarising; membership figures rose significantly, boosting the party back to pre-2002 levels and bolstering its finances, but discontent within the parliamentary group was at its strongest in Osborne's first term. Osborne's leadership however came with the implicit threat that his ousting would precede a hard-left such as White, or Wilson whose party unified with Osborne's in 2015, so disquiet was muted and blunted significantly. Osborne's first term also brought about marked success; his personal popularity rose as he brokered deals between factions perceived as unworkable, such as between the declining Third Way group and the Progressive caucus, while the economy recovered markedly.

Harold Osborne's first term was primarily targeted at undoing the legacy of the Harding government. Financial regulation was particularly targeted - the Subprime Loans Act 2016 was a blanket ban on sub-prime loans, while a decade's worth income tax cuts on higher tax bands were entirely scrapped; Largan's promise to not increase the top rate of income tax was also scrapped, creating significant backlash in the centre of the party. The Osborne-Wilson period's landmark passage, however, was the total ban on zero-hour contracts in the 2016 Budget, alongside a wider "bonfire" of anti-union legislation passed by the Greenwood and Harding governments.

In October 2017, Osborne's leadership faced the Wilson budgetary crisis; the 2017 budget had shocked markets and spooked the economy, in turn causing a quarterly stagnation. Wilson was handed his resignation notice during the budget announcement, a stunt which was aimed at salvaging his reputation with the centre of the party; however his replacement, Lauren Bowen, was from a slightly softer version of Wilson's economic ideology. The Wilson and Bowen tenures have earnt the nickname "Osbornian economics", for the historically unorthodox left-wing economics conducted and increasingly openly sympathised with by Harold Osborne himself.

The general election of 2018 came at a poor time - however the economic rebound from the 2010 crisis returned in November, while Osborne's handling of the crisis had cemented his image as a capable, pragmatic leader. His opponent, Stephen Alborough, was also the Conservative Union's leader in 2014; having recovered his reputation and become the most popular candidate throughout the end of 2017, Alborough's chaotic campaign, punctuated by the HeadStone and other gaffes reversed Osborne's fortunes.

Second term (2018-2022)

Harold Osborne's government was returned to power with a significantly larger majority, the second election in which the Social Democrats had exceeded expectations, though by the end of the campaign it was generally expected the government would be returned, unlike that of 2014. Stephen Alborough resigned weeks after the election, and the Social Democrats entered a coalition agreement with Green-Left in the upper house. Osborne had gained the first majority from a fixed-term election for the Social Democrats since 1998.

Osborne's second term was perhaps the most significant for the internal politics of his party; his resounding mandate, and the resignation of some key moderates, had allowed him to hasten the movement of the party towards the pro-union left. Chancellor Lauren Bowen also became more overtly socialist; her 2018 and 2019 Budgets reinstituted the wealth tax scrapped under the Greenwood government, while the 2020 Budget raised capital gains tax to equivalent to income tax. His majority was also expanded in the Ministry and his coalition's in the Thanage by successive by-election victories; the Conservative Union descended into crisis after the election of a centrist leader - Rosemary Manning - and its right-wing contingent splintered off in mid-2019.

During the second term, Osborne successively increased the military budget year-on-year, increased public spending markedly, and oversaw a period of relative economic prosperity. The National Food Service was legislated for in 2019, bringing about local authority-administered food provision to the poorest, while his New Towns project broadly began during this period; he opened the first New Town, Denby Dale, in the run-up to the April 2022 election.

Osborne also conducted significant constitutional reform during his second term, and was appointed to the King's Counsel in 2019. The formation of a Code of Atlish Law, legalisation of cannabis, scrapping of Antisocial Retributive Orders (AROs) and tightening of employment law remain key legislative achievements of the 2018-2022 ministry.

The end of his term began a period of continental instability; the Osborne government condemned the Tardine coup in the autumn of 2021, becoming one of its most vociferous opponents, and refused to recognise it at any point. Osborne also oversaw the entrance of Esthursia in the UAS in early 2022.

Third and fourth terms (2022-)

Osborne was returned to power in April 2022, however his majority had been wiped out in the Ministry, and the Thanage coalition were to govern with a majority that barely exceeded that of the Opposition. Although he was not under threat from within the party, his legislative agenda slowed during this period, although the composition of his party had changed markedly once again in favour of the mid-left - his faction - and the hard-left.

The 2022 election swiftly brought about the beginning of the transition away from a monarchy - King Arthur announced on his Second Diamond Jubilee, the 75th anniversary of him becoming King, that he intended for his reign to be the last, supported implicitly by Harold Osborne's soft republicanist stance and explicitly by his new coalition partners, the hard-left Green-Left coalition.

Harold Osborne spent much of his short third term wrestling for power with Green-Left. Osborne's nuclear renewal plans were confirmed by Berworth, despite Green-Left opposition; his response to this was to scrap broad decriminalisation laws, and institute a post-2001 date of birth smoking ban, both policies opposed by the junior government party. An ambitious infrastructure act was passed in May 2022, and the start of a major redistribution programme began formally in his fourth term was legislated for.

However, the key issue of Osborne's third term proved to be Wilson's comments against Prydania, nicknamed Wilsongate. Wilson had spoken before the Houses of Berworth against a piece of Prydanian domestic legislation, provoking international backlash; Harold Osborne, and Wilson himself, would pay a state visit to Prydania alongside the King in January 2023, however the damage done to Osborne's leadership in this period was further exacerbated by a perception that the UAS was failing to act.

UAS skepticism became a key issue of campaign following his re-election in September 2022, in which he gained a majority in the Ministry and seats in the Thanage, albeit not as many as he had initially hoped. Appointing John Largan as UAS Ambassador and later Redethane for International Development, Largan set about criticising publicly the UAS' perceived failure to admit the post-conflict regime of Tardine, as well as Sorovia, while pressure mounted from within the party and public opinion to call a referendum; this referendum was triggered in April 2023, in which Osborne campaigned to remain in the UAS but on a platform of "institutional reformation".

Harold Osborne's government in its fourth term became more overtly left-wing; its legislation against religious and private schools, and the Collective Arbitration Act - which brought about some of the strongest trade union powers Esthursia has legislated for - as well as the ban on under-18 baptisms, have been key victories for the hard-left in the party. The post-2022 composition of Osborne's party also remains one of the most radical of its existence, with the New Left faction rising significantly in influence post-September in particular, while moderates have primarily left the party or joined the Moderates since the start of his second term. Osborne himself remains relatively popular, and his economic reputation has been broadly positive, with Esthursia broadly catching up on its productivity gap sustained in the 2010 crisis.

Political positions

Harold Osborne identifies as an "aspirational socialist", as outlined in his April 2022 campaign; he previously identified as a social democrat. Osborne sits between centre-left and left-wing, and has tended left throughout his leadership, bringing the Social Democrats into a more overtly socialist position.

Relationship to socialism

Osborne was initially ambivalent to descriptions of himself as socialist in the early 2010s. Although he described himself as an avid trade unionist in the 2010 crisis, he refused to support an assertion that he was a socialist to ANBC News journalist Henning Welman, replying that "I very much identify as a Social Democrat, party and politics". In a 2015 interview during his leadership campaign, he stated he was "neither moderate nor hardline", and positioned himself as a "run-of-the-mill social democrat", though distinguished himself with Largan by stating he would not back the pledge against raising the top-rate of income tax. His decision to U-turn on support for Largan's Economic Pledges in 2016, stating the policies were not "steadfast and bold enough for the economy we're building", is seen as a key moment of juncture from his previous broadly centre-left position.

His close working relationship with Jeremy Wilson and Lauren Bowen, and increasingly overt disapproval of moderate Social Democratic policies, have led to a movement from social democracy towards the moderate fringes of democratic socialism in recent years. Osborne described himself as a "red-green socialist" in 2021, and an "aspirational socialist" in 2022.

Domestic policy

Harold Osborne's economic policy is broadly to the left of social democracy. His tenure has seen a tightening of financial and employment legislation, the "bonfire" of anti-union laws, and the demarketisation of public services, reversing policies undertaken throughout the Willesden and Largan eras of the same party. Osborne's government has also pursued a broad economic redistribution programme, and he has personally spoken out against the existence of billionaires, while his Chancellors have both been of socialist economic origin. Despite this, Osborne is broadly perceived as to the centre of the hard-left, and has opposed decriminalisation of harder drugs, as well as supporting military spending raises and nuclear renewal. His constitutional reforms have brought about a Code of Atlish Law, and increased justice spending markedly.

Osborne is a soft unionist who opposes both Cordanic and Asthonic independence, as stated in a parliamentary speech against the matter in 2018.

Foreign policy

Osborne's foreign policy tends to be more hawkish than the party at large; his leadership has undertaken a sustained rise in military spending, and the Army 2015 programme expands the amount of nuclear submarines that exist in Esthursia. His position during the Aurorean War of 2022-23 has asserted Esthursian non-belligerence, however has supported Scalvia and Volshan - particularly the latter - with military aid, such as drone kits. He has spoken in favour of an international alliance of democratic nations, and is in favour of remaining in the UAS, having brought the nation into the UAS in 2021.

Personal life

Harold Osborne married in 1995, and has one child. Identifying as an atheist, Osborne finds the idea of religion "untenable with [his] personal beliefs".

Awards and honours

• Admitted to the King's Counsel (KC) in 2019.
• Sworn into the Aldrage, the King's advisery body of former or currently serving Redery members, in 2007.
• Honorary Fellow of the Lorestead of Sutton since 2014.