Chatten and Leucen: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "{{infobox country |conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen |common_name = Northern Kingdom |native_name = ''Rechton im Chatten erd Leucen'' |image_flag = File:National flag.svg |alt_flag = |image_coat = File:Coat of arms of chatten and leucen.png |symbol_type = Coat of arms |national_motto = "Dyvin ed Frier" |englishmotto = "Divine and Free" |official_languages = {{hlist |Leucish}} |languages_type = Regional and minority languages |languages = {{hlist |Ch...")
 
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'''Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen''', commonly known as the '''Northern Kingdom''', '''(NK)''' or '''Chalcain''', is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_country island country] located on northwestern [[Callys]] just off the mainland coast. It comprises two main [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation nations], namely [[Chatten]] and [[Leucen]], hence the name. The Northern Kingdom also includes surrounding [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island islands] such as the [[Lannascern islands]], [[Amarincen islands]], [[Isle of Furk]], and the [[Porgynth islands]]. Collectively, the domains of the Northern Kingdom are known as the [[Chalcer Isles]]. The Northern Kingdom is surrounded by the [[Eastern Sea]], [[Lacendynn Sea]], [[Leucish Sea]], [[Elvenmann Strait]], [[Chatten Strait]], and [[Heptant Ocean]]. Meanwhile, the [[Crowergynn Sea]] separates the island of Chatten and Leucen, with the [[isle of Rustav]] located conveniently between the two islands. The Northern Kingdom shares [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_boundary maritime borders] with [[Finnon]] to the north-east, [[Helswig]] to the south-west, [[Tictland]] to the south-east, and [[Coradis]] to the south. The total area of the Northern Kingdom is 512,455 km<sup>2</sup> (197,860 square miles) with an estimated population of 115 million people as of 2023. The [[Cities of the Northern Kingdom | largest and capital city]] is [[Lomercoyne]].
'''Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen''', commonly known as the '''Northern Kingdom''', '''(NK)''' or '''Chalcain''', is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_country island country] located on northwestern [[Callys]] just off the mainland coast. It comprises two main [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation nations], namely [[Chatten]] and [[Leucen]], hence the name. The Northern Kingdom also includes surrounding [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island islands] such as the [[Lannascern islands]], [[Amarincen islands]], [[Isle of Furk]], and the [[Porgynth islands]]. Collectively, the domains of the Northern Kingdom are known as the [[Chalcer Isles]]. The Northern Kingdom is surrounded by the [[Eastern Sea]], [[Lacendynn Sea]], [[Leucish Sea]], [[Elvenmann Strait]], [[Chatten Strait]], and [[Heptant Ocean]]. Meanwhile, the [[Crowergynn Sea]] separates the island of Chatten and Leucen, with the [[isle of Rustav]] located conveniently between the two islands. The Northern Kingdom shares [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_boundary maritime borders] with [[Finnon]] to the north-east, [[Helswig]] to the south-west, [[Tictland]] to the south-east, and [[Coradis]] to the south. The total area of the Northern Kingdom is 512,455 km<sup>2</sup> (197,860 square miles) with an estimated population of 115 million people as of 2023. The [[Cities of the Northern Kingdom | largest and capital city]] is [[Lomercoyne]].


[[Prehistoric human activity]] on the islands dates back to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary_glaciation last Ice Age], with continuous habitation since the end of the last glacial maximum. The [[Chalcerean people]] emerged as the dominant human culture on the islands which comprises of the tribal societies, namely, [[Jotav | Jotavs]], [[Porgynthish | Porgynth]], [[Corks]], [[Rwycorrts]], [[Terkish]], [[Leucish]], and [[Chattenish]], all were the precursors and founder of the later [[Thirteen Kingdoms]]. The anarchic [[Thirteen Kingdoms period]] saw the gradual unification of all kingdoms into the domain of the first [[High King]] [[Sycor I]], which led to the founding of the [[First Kingdom of Leucen]]. The [[Moravs]] conquered the islands of [[Chatten]] and [[Leucen]] and made it into their province, known as [[Moravian Leucenia]], until their disestablishment in 800. Coinciding it was the arrival of the [[Sami-Finnons]], known as the [[The Deluge | Deluge]], beginning in 809 and lasted until 874. [[Meyrism]] religion arrived in the islands when [[High King Sycor IX]]'s exiled younger brothers and recent [[Meyrism | Meyrian]] converts, [[Nymeth]] and [[Fwynth]], founded the [[Meyrian Kingdom of Leucen]] in 945, then, with the military support of the [[Moravian Meyrster]], conquered and annexed the First Kingdom of Leucen and the [[Kingdom of Terk]] into their territory, effectively founding the [[Second Kingdom of Leucen]].
[[Prehistoric human activity]] on the islands dates back to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary_glaciation last Ice Age], with continuous habitation since the end of the last glacial maximum. The [[Chalcerean people]] emerged as the dominant human culture on the islands which comprises of the tribal societies, namely, [[Jotav | Jotavs]], [[Porgynthish | Porgynth]], [[Corks]], [[Rwycorrts]], [[Terkish]], [[Leucish]], and [[Chattenish]], all were the precursors and founder of the later [[Thirteen Kingdoms]]. The anarchic [[Thirteen Kingdoms period]] saw the gradual unification of all kingdoms into the domain of the first [[High King]] [[Sycor I]], which led to the founding of the [[Kingdom of Elba]]. The [[Moravs]] conquered the islands of [[Chatten]] and [[Leucen]] and made it into their province, known as [[Moravian Leucenia]], until their departure from the islands in 800. Coinciding it was the arrival of the [[Sami-Finnons]], known as the [[The Deluge | Deluge]], beginning in 809 and lasted until 874. which resulted in the extinction of the Chalcerean [[House of Yrforr]] and the beginning of the rule of the Sami-Finnoan [[House of Vergork-Jonstein]]. [[Meyrism]] religion arrived in the islands when [[High King Sycor IX]]'s exiled younger brothers and recent [[Meyrism | Meyrian]] converts, [[Nymeth]] and [[Fwynth]], founded the [[Kingdom of Cowysrumbia]] in 945, then, with the military support of the [[Moravian Meyrster Church]], conquered and annexed the Kingdom of Elba and [[Kingdom of Terk]] into their territory, effectively founding the [[Kingdom of Leucen]].


Incursions of the remaining [[Chalcerean people | Chalcerean]] pagans convinced [[King Ardewyth II]] to launch several invasions into the northern lands, culminating into the [[Wars of the Daggers]] resulting in Leucish victory. [[Northern Occupation | The lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were occupied]] while [[Rwycorr]], land of the Rwycorrts, where [[1213 Annexation of Rwycorr | annexed directly into Leucen]] through the signing of the [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]], creating the [[Kingdom of Great Chalcain]]. The [[Acts of Unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]] were signed by [[King Dravid II]] as a response to the economic instability caused by the [[Finnons | Finnonian raids]] to the kingless [[Kingdom of the Chattenes | Kingdom of Chatten]], creating the current Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen. The [[Finnon-Leucenian Treaty of the Outlying Islands 1978]] were signed between the Northern Kingdom and the Finnon with the Northern Kingdom receiving the islands of Porgynth, Lannascern, Amarincen, and Furk.
Incursions of the remaining [[Chalcerean people | Chalcerean]] pagans convinced the [[House of Flemmes|Flemmian King]] [[King Ardewyth II|Ardewyth II]] to launch several invasions into the northern lands, culminating into the [[Wars of the Daggers]] resulting in Leucish victory. [[Northern Occupation | The lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were occupied]] while [[Rwycorr]], land of the Rwycorrts, were[[1213 Annexation of Rwycorr | annexed directly into Leucen]] through the signing of the [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]], creating the [[Kingdom of Great Chalcain]]. The [[Acts of Unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]] were signed by [[King Dravid II]] as a response to the economic instability caused by the [[Finnons | Finnonian raids]] to the kingless[[Kingdom of the Chattenes | Kingdom of Chatten]], creating the current Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen. The Northern Kingdom held only a few islands and atolls, The [[Finnon-Leucenian Treaty of the Outlying Islands 1978]] were signed between the Northern Kingdom and the Finnon with the Northern Kingdom receiving the islands of Porgynth, Lannascern, Amarincen, and Furk.


The Northern Kingdom is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy constitutional monarchy] and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_state federal] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_system parliamentary democracy]. The Northern Kingdom has two countries, Chatten and Leucen, each subdivided into regional divisions called [[Cumberdoeships]]. The cumberdoeships of Chatten, and the cumberdoeships of Leucen except for Rwycorr, [[Porgynth]], [[Jotav]], and [[Osteria]], is administered by devolved government institutions called [[Councils]] which has its own legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The Northern Kingdom's capital and largest city is [[Lomercoyne]], and its surrounding urban area is the largest in Callys. Other major cities with large surrounding urban area includes [[Mowycen]], [[Pownys]], [[Cumbershyre]], [[City of Lech]], [[Sark]], [[Varnyconne]], [[Shalcyr]], [[Courcamyron]], and [[Malwenydd]].
The Northern Kingdom is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy constitutional monarchy] and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_state federal] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_system parliamentary democracy]. The Northern Kingdom has two countries, Chatten and Leucen, each subdivided into regional divisions called [[Cumberdoeships]]. The cumberdoeships of Chatten, and the cumberdoeships of Leucen except for Rwycorr, [[Porgynth]], [[Jotav]], and [[Osteria]], is administered by devolved government institutions called [[Councils]] which has its own legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The Northern Kingdom's capital and largest city is [[Lomercoyne]], and its surrounding urban area is the largest in Callys. Other major cities with large surrounding urban area includes [[Mowycen]], [[Pownys]], [[Cumbershyre]], [[City of Lech]], [[Sark]], [[Varnyconne]], [[Shalcyr]], [[Courcamyron]], and [[Malwenydd]].
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==Etymology and terminology==
==Etymology and terminology==
The [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr|Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]] declared that the Second Kingdom of Leucen should be named "The Kingdom of Great Chalcain" despite the fact that the lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were only occupied and are not annexed into the kingdom. The term "[[Great Chalcain]]" refers to the islands of Leucen, its constituent regions, and its surrounding islands. When Chatten was incorporated into Great Chalcain by the signing of the [[Acts of unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]], the [[Council of Elders]] held an executive referendum that resulted in name change of the Northern Kingdom into the "Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen" by 1501.  
The [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr|Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]] declared that the Second Kingdom of Leucen should be named "The Kingdom of Great Chalcain" despite the fact that the lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were only occupied and are not annexed into the kingdom. The term "[[Great Chalcain]]" refers to the islands of Leucen, its constituent regions, and its surrounding islands. When Chatten was incorporated into Great Chalcain by the signing of the [[Acts of unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]], the [[Council of Elders]] held an executive referendum that resulted in name change of the Northern Kingdom into the "Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen" by 1501.  
"Northern Kingdom" as a term didn't come into vocabulary use until 1935 when a [[Tictish]] journalist [[Hymera Vera Phon]] of the [[Strait Times]] wrote an article about the [[Monarchy in Callys|prevalence of monarchies in Callys]]. In the article, Hymera referred to the time where [[The Great Four Monarchies|four great monarchies ruled over Callys]], with the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen being the northern one amongst the four, the [[Kingdom of Finnon]] being the eastern one, [[Redeyr Monarchy]] as the southern one, and the [[Carmish Eldenbertt]] as the western one. Even after the [[Revolutions of 1876]] which saw a massive upheaval of monarchial governments around Callys, the people, scholars, military leaders, and politicans still use the term "Northern Kingdom" as an alias to the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen to refer to it as the last survivng monarchy among the Four Monarchies and on the continent as a whole.


The term "Leucen" has become synonymous with the Great Chalcain and in general is the principal mistake people outside the Northern Kingdom always make. This is because of the dominant influence and reputation Leucen has over its fellow nations, given the fact that Leucen is the oldest among both of the Northern Kingdom's constituent nations. Leucen is also the academic and professional term scholars use during the 18th and 19th centuries when referring to the Northern Kingdom, though it later went obsolete.The [[Committee of Geographical Names]] defines "Leucen" as the name of the island that constitutes Great Chalcain, the "Kingdom of Leucen" as a historical region covering almost all of Leucen except for the regions of Rwycorr, Jotav, Lech, Ostria, and Porgynth, "Great Chalcain" as the name describing the totality of Leucen and its surrounding islands with Chatten and its jurisdiction removed, while the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen describes the Kingdom with both Chatten and Leucen included.
The term "Leucen" has become synonymous with the Great Chalcain and in general is the principal mistake people outside the Northern Kingdom always make. This is because of the dominant influence and reputation Leucen has over its fellow nations, given the fact that Leucen is the oldest among both of the Northern Kingdom's constituent nations. Leucen is also the academic and professional term scholars use during the 18th and 19th centuries when referring to the Northern Kingdom, though it later went obsolete.The [[Committee of Geographical Names]] defines "Leucen" as the name of the island that constitutes Great Chalcain, the "Kingdom of Leucen" as a historical region covering almost all of Leucen except for the regions of Rwycorr, Jotav, Lech, Ostria, and Porgynth, "Great Chalcain" as the name describing the totality of Leucen and its surrounding islands with Chatten and its jurisdiction removed, while the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen describes the Kingdom with both Chatten and Leucen included.
Line 123: Line 125:
==History==
==History==
===Before the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr===
===Before the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr===
The [[Proto-chalcerean]] people first settled the islands 41,000 years ago, settling the island in waves from [[Helswig]]. They continuously inhabited the island until 9,900 years when glacier ice retreated to the poles. By the end of the 7th millenium BCE, another wave of human migration occurred. [[Vauns]], a tictish tribe, migrated into south-eastern Leucen and southern Terk from the present-day states of [[Vaunhein]] and [[Inner Tictland]]. Both peoples would eventually become the precursors to the [[Chalcerean people|Chalcerean people.]]
===Kingdom of Great Chalcain===
===Kingdom of Great Chalcain===
===Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen===
===Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen===

Revision as of 12:22, 14 June 2024

Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen
Rechton im Chatten erd Leucen
Flag of Northern Kingdom
Flag
Coat of arms of Northern Kingdom
Coat of arms
Motto: "Dyvin ed Frier"
"Divine and Free"
Anthem: 
"Rumywen tour Runyn"
'Risen from ruins'
Capital
and largest city
Lomercoyne
Official languages
  • Leucish
Regional and minority languages
  • Chattish
  • Porgysh
  • Jotav
  • Terkov
  • Rwycorrish
National sign languageChalcish Sign Language
Ethnic groups
(2020)
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)Leucish, Leucenian (colloquial)
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
King Bourke II
Saiah Dunwille
Cearl Margowys
Symon Parshyla
LegislatureCourt of Elders
House of Baronies
Assembly of Commons
Formation
8 March 450
c. 512
1 January 809
c. 1015 - 1195
8 June 1213
25 November 1487
15 July 1978
Area
• Total
512,455 km2 (197,860 sq mi) (69th)
• Water (%)
1.3
Population
• 2024 estimate
115,634,195 (13th)
• 2022/24 census
115,112,734
• Density
312/km2 (808.1/sq mi) (12th)
GDP (PPP)2024 estimate
• Total
₽6.767 trillion
• Per capita
₽89,445 (5th)
GDP (nominal)2024 estimate
• Total
₽6.213 trillion
• Per capita
₽81,538
Gini (2023)Positive decrease 21.6
low (8th)
HDI (2023)Increase 0.955
very high (11th)
CurrencyLeucenian Piese (PIS)
Time zoneUTC+1 ( NWT)
• Summer (DST)
observed
Driving sideright
Calling code+115
Internet TLD.chl

Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen, commonly known as the Northern Kingdom, (NK) or Chalcain, is an island country located on northwestern Callys just off the mainland coast. It comprises two main nations, namely Chatten and Leucen, hence the name. The Northern Kingdom also includes surrounding islands such as the Lannascern islands, Amarincen islands, Isle of Furk, and the Porgynth islands. Collectively, the domains of the Northern Kingdom are known as the Chalcer Isles. The Northern Kingdom is surrounded by the Eastern Sea, Lacendynn Sea, Leucish Sea, Elvenmann Strait, Chatten Strait, and Heptant Ocean. Meanwhile, the Crowergynn Sea separates the island of Chatten and Leucen, with the isle of Rustav located conveniently between the two islands. The Northern Kingdom shares maritime borders with Finnon to the north-east, Helswig to the south-west, Tictland to the south-east, and Coradis to the south. The total area of the Northern Kingdom is 512,455 km2 (197,860 square miles) with an estimated population of 115 million people as of 2023. The largest and capital city is Lomercoyne.

Prehistoric human activity on the islands dates back to the last Ice Age, with continuous habitation since the end of the last glacial maximum. The Chalcerean people emerged as the dominant human culture on the islands which comprises of the tribal societies, namely, Jotavs, Porgynth, Corks, Rwycorrts, Terkish, Leucish, and Chattenish, all were the precursors and founder of the later Thirteen Kingdoms. The anarchic Thirteen Kingdoms period saw the gradual unification of all kingdoms into the domain of the first High King Sycor I, which led to the founding of the Kingdom of Elba. The Moravs conquered the islands of Chatten and Leucen and made it into their province, known as Moravian Leucenia, until their departure from the islands in 800. Coinciding it was the arrival of the Sami-Finnons, known as the Deluge, beginning in 809 and lasted until 874. which resulted in the extinction of the Chalcerean House of Yrforr and the beginning of the rule of the Sami-Finnoan House of Vergork-Jonstein. Meyrism religion arrived in the islands when High King Sycor IX's exiled younger brothers and recent Meyrian converts, Nymeth and Fwynth, founded the Kingdom of Cowysrumbia in 945, then, with the military support of the Moravian Meyrster Church, conquered and annexed the Kingdom of Elba and Kingdom of Terk into their territory, effectively founding the Kingdom of Leucen.

Incursions of the remaining Chalcerean pagans convinced the Flemmian King Ardewyth II to launch several invasions into the northern lands, culminating into the Wars of the Daggers resulting in Leucish victory. The lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were occupied while Rwycorr, land of the Rwycorrts, were annexed directly into Leucen through the signing of the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213, creating the Kingdom of Great Chalcain. The Acts of Unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487 were signed by King Dravid II as a response to the economic instability caused by the Finnonian raids to the kingless Kingdom of Chatten, creating the current Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen. The Northern Kingdom held only a few islands and atolls, The Finnon-Leucenian Treaty of the Outlying Islands 1978 were signed between the Northern Kingdom and the Finnon with the Northern Kingdom receiving the islands of Porgynth, Lannascern, Amarincen, and Furk.

The Northern Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and a federal parliamentary democracy. The Northern Kingdom has two countries, Chatten and Leucen, each subdivided into regional divisions called Cumberdoeships. The cumberdoeships of Chatten, and the cumberdoeships of Leucen except for Rwycorr, Porgynth, Jotav, and Osteria, is administered by devolved government institutions called Councils which has its own legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The Northern Kingdom's capital and largest city is Lomercoyne, and its surrounding urban area is the largest in Callys. Other major cities with large surrounding urban area includes Mowycen, Pownys, Cumbershyre, City of Lech, Sark, Varnyconne, Shalcyr, Courcamyron, and Malwenydd.

Etymology and terminology

The Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213 declared that the Second Kingdom of Leucen should be named "The Kingdom of Great Chalcain" despite the fact that the lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were only occupied and are not annexed into the kingdom. The term "Great Chalcain" refers to the islands of Leucen, its constituent regions, and its surrounding islands. When Chatten was incorporated into Great Chalcain by the signing of the Acts of unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487, the Council of Elders held an executive referendum that resulted in name change of the Northern Kingdom into the "Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen" by 1501.

"Northern Kingdom" as a term didn't come into vocabulary use until 1935 when a Tictish journalist Hymera Vera Phon of the Strait Times wrote an article about the prevalence of monarchies in Callys. In the article, Hymera referred to the time where four great monarchies ruled over Callys, with the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen being the northern one amongst the four, the Kingdom of Finnon being the eastern one, Redeyr Monarchy as the southern one, and the Carmish Eldenbertt as the western one. Even after the Revolutions of 1876 which saw a massive upheaval of monarchial governments around Callys, the people, scholars, military leaders, and politicans still use the term "Northern Kingdom" as an alias to the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen to refer to it as the last survivng monarchy among the Four Monarchies and on the continent as a whole.

The term "Leucen" has become synonymous with the Great Chalcain and in general is the principal mistake people outside the Northern Kingdom always make. This is because of the dominant influence and reputation Leucen has over its fellow nations, given the fact that Leucen is the oldest among both of the Northern Kingdom's constituent nations. Leucen is also the academic and professional term scholars use during the 18th and 19th centuries when referring to the Northern Kingdom, though it later went obsolete.The Committee of Geographical Names defines "Leucen" as the name of the island that constitutes Great Chalcain, the "Kingdom of Leucen" as a historical region covering almost all of Leucen except for the regions of Rwycorr, Jotav, Lech, Ostria, and Porgynth, "Great Chalcain" as the name describing the totality of Leucen and its surrounding islands with Chatten and its jurisdiction removed, while the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen describes the Kingdom with both Chatten and Leucen included.

The adjective "Leucish" is commonly used to refer to the matters relating to the Northern Kingdom and is also used by law to refer to the nationality and citizenship of the people of the Northern Kingdom. Aside from this, however, people might use other ethnic adjectives such as Rwycorrts, Chattenish, Terkish, Porgynthish, Jotavish, or Corkish to describe their ethnic heritage.

History

Before the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr

The Proto-chalcerean people first settled the islands 41,000 years ago, settling the island in waves from Helswig. They continuously inhabited the island until 9,900 years when glacier ice retreated to the poles. By the end of the 7th millenium BCE, another wave of human migration occurred. Vauns, a tictish tribe, migrated into south-eastern Leucen and southern Terk from the present-day states of Vaunhein and Inner Tictland. Both peoples would eventually become the precursors to the Chalcerean people.

Kingdom of Great Chalcain

Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen

Rise of the House of Bourke

Socialist Revolution

World wars and the Finnon skirmishes

Post-war 20th century

Civil rights movement and republicanism

21st century

Geography

Climate

Topography

Politics

Administrative divisions

Devolved government institutions

Chatten

Leucen

Foreign relations

Law and Justice

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Transport

Energy

Water supply and sanitation

Demographics

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Religion

Migration

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Culture

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