List of British Monarchs (Hanover): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:28, 22 June 2024

Name Reign	Duration of reign	Arms	Birth Date, location, parents	Marriage	Death	Age	House
Anne 1 May 1707 – 1 August 1714	7 years, 93 days		1 March 1680 St James's Palace Daughter of James II and VII and Anne Hyde	Prince George of Denmark St James's Palace 28 July 1683 5 children	1 August 1717 Kensington Palace	49 years, 176 days	Stuart
George I George Louis 1 August 1714 – 11 June 1727	12 years, 315 days		28 May 1660 Leineschloss Son of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover and Sophia of Hanover	Sophia Dorothea of Celle St James's Palace 11 August 1705 7 children	11 June 1727 Osnabrück	67 years, 14 days	Hanover
George II George Augustus 11 June 1727 – 25 October 1760	33 years, 137 days		30 October 1683 Herrenhausen Palace Son of George I and Sophia Dorothea of Celle	Caroline of Ansbach Herrenhausen Gardens 22 August 1705 7 children	25 October 1760 Kensington Palace	76 years, 350 days
George III^[1] George William Frederick 12 October 1760 – 29 January 1820	59 years, 110 days	until 1801 1801–1816 from 1816	4 June 1738 Norfolk House Son of Frederick, Prince of Wales and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha	Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz St James's Palace 8 September 1761 15 children	29 January 1820 Windsor Castle	81 years, 228 days
George IV George Augustus Frederick 29 January 1820 – 26 June 1830	10 years, 149 days		12 August 1762 St James's Palace Son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel St James's Palace 8 April 1795 No children	26 June 1830 Windsor Castle	67 years, 318 days
William IV^[2] William Henry 26 June 1830 – 20 June 1837	6 years, 360 days		21 August 1765 Buckingham Palace Son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Kew Palace 13 July 1818 3 children	20 June 1837 Windsor Castle	71 years, 303 days
Victoria^[3] Alexandrina Victoria 20 June 1837 – Abdicated 7 July 1837	18 days		24 May 1819 Kensington Palace Daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld	Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha St James's Palace 10 February 1840 9 children	22 January 1901 Osborne House	81 years, 243 days
William V^[4] William Henry Arthur Frederick 7 July 1837 – 30 January 1913	75 years, 208 days		7 July 1837 Marlborough House Son of William IV and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen	Louise of Prussia St James's Palace 9 June 1857 4 children	30 January 1913 Buckingham Palace	75 years, 207 days
George V^[5] George Arthur Leopold Frederick 30 January 1913 – 5 January 1923	9 years, 341 days		3 January 1862 Buckingham Palace Son of William V and Louise of Prussia	Sophia of Prussia St James's Palace 22 August 1887 4 children	5 January 1923 Rideau Hall	61 years, 2 days
Frederick^[6] Edward Frederick William 5 January 1923 – 7 July 1957	34 years, 184 days		22 November 1895 Rideau Hall Son of George V and Sophia of Prussia	(1) Victoria Louise of Prussia Berlin Palace 5 January 1913 1 son (2) Margaretha of Sweden Westminster Abbey 11 July 1925 1 daughter	7 July 1957 Buckingham Palace	61 years, 227 days
Charles III^[7] Charles Frederick William Louis 7 July 1957 – Abdicated 15 January 1997	39 years, 193 days		15 January 1917 Haga Palace Son of Frederick and Victoria Louise of Prussia	Lauren Bacall Oheka Castle 15 January 1950 3 children	2 March 2011 Buckingham Palace	94 years, 46 days
Thomas^[8] Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles 15 January 1997 – Abdicated 1 August 2019	22 years, 199 days		17 December 1960 Balmoral Castle Son of Charles III and Lauren Bacall	Christy Turlington Oheka Castle 14 June 1995 7 children	Living	63 years, 332 days
Alexandra Alexandra Katharine Charles Nicole Lauren Elizabeth Thomas 1 August 2019 – Present	5 years, 105 days		11 May 1996 Margaretha House Daughter of Thomas and Christy Turlington		Living	28 years, 186 days

↑ In 1801, when the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland were joined together by the Acts of Union 1800 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, George III, as the reigning British and Irish monarch, accepted a suggestion by some parliamentarians that he adopts the new title of "Emperor of the British Isles", thereby making him the first British emperor with his successors going on to retain the title to this day. However, while the United Kingdom was later popularly referred to by many as the "British Empire", the word "empire" was never formally part of the country's official name similar to the countries of Austria, Brazil, and Mexico, but rather more like the country of Japan which, following their defeat in the Second World War, dropped the word "empire" from their official name while also retaining the emperor as head of state.
↑ At sixty-five years old, William IV is the oldest monarch to ascend to the British throne, succeeding his older brother George III. Conversely, his son William V is the youngest British monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.
↑ At only eighteen days long, Victoria is the shortest-reigning British monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin William V who was the son of her predecessor William IV. Consequently, she is the first British monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest British monarch at just eighteen years old.
↑ Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, William V was formerly the longest-reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by France's King Louis XIV. However, this record was later surpassed by Romania's King Michael I who reigned for a total of seventy-seven years until his death. Meanwhile, beginning in 1871, William V became the first Emperor of India, a title that he holds alongside Emperor of the British Isles and King of Hanover.
↑ As a result of the defeat of the German Empire in World War I, its constituent states that bordered Hanover, namely Oldenburg, Brunswick, Schaumburg-Lippe, and Waldeck and Pyrmont were annexed by the victorious United Kingdom to form Hanover's modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by right of conquest, George V proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered subsidiary titles for the British monarch. However, rising anti-German sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by King Thomas. Regardless, the use of these titles by the British monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.
↑ Until 1947, the year the British Raj officially came to an end, Frederick reigned as the third and last Emperor of India. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the Indian Independence Act 1947.
↑ Having been born in the Swedish royal residence of Haga Palace, Charles III is just one of two British monarchs alongside his granddaughter Alexandra to have been born in a country where they did not later reign over.
↑ With the passing of the Church of England Act 1998, Thomas is effectively the last British monarch to reign prior to the disestablishment of the Church of England which British monarchs have traditionally led as supreme governor. In addition, following the transfer of Hong Kong to China in July 1997, Thomas became the last British monarch to use the imperial title which he personally rescinded in a symbolic gesture marking the end of the British Empire in light of the independence of its last colonial possession.

[1] In 1801, when the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland were joined together by the Acts of Union 1800 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, George III, as the reigning British and Irish monarch, accepted a suggestion by some parliamentarians that he adopts the new title of "Emperor of the British Isles", thereby making him the first British emperor with his successors going on to retain the title to this day. However, while the United Kingdom was later popularly referred to by many as the "British Empire", the word "empire" was never formally part of the country's official name similar to the countries of Austria, Brazil, and Mexico, but rather more like the country of Japan which, following their defeat in the Second World War, dropped the word "empire" from their official name while also retaining the emperor as head of state.

[2] At sixty-five years old, William IV is the oldest monarch to ascend to the British throne, succeeding his older brother George III. Conversely, his son William V is the youngest British monarch ever, having succeeded to the throne immediately upon his birth.

[3] At only eighteen days long, Victoria is the shortest-reigning British monarch in history with her reign being abruptly cut short by the birth of her cousin William V who was the son of her predecessor William IV. Consequently, she is the first British monarch in history to abdicate the throne. However, prior to immediately being surpassed by her successor, she was the youngest British monarch at just eighteen years old.

[4] Having reigned for much of his entire life for roughly seventy-five years long, William V was formerly the longest-reigning monarch of all time, having surpassed the previous record of seventy-two years held by France's King Louis XIV. However, this record was later surpassed by Romania's King Michael I who reigned for a total of seventy-seven years until his death. Meanwhile, beginning in 1871, William V became the first Emperor of India, a title that he holds alongside Emperor of the British Isles and King of Hanover.

[5] As a result of the defeat of the German Empire in World War I, its constituent states that bordered Hanover, namely Oldenburg, Brunswick, Schaumburg-Lippe, and Waldeck and Pyrmont were annexed by the victorious United Kingdom to form Hanover's modern-day borders, thereby dethroning their contemporary rulers. In this, by right of conquest, George V proclaimed himself as the new ruler of the annexed states with their accompanying titles being considered subsidiary titles for the British monarch. However, rising anti-German sentiment during the post-war period saw the use of these titles temporarily discontinued before being put into use again by King Thomas. Regardless, the use of these titles by the British monarch has proved controversial and is strongly contested by the heirs to the defunct thrones of the aforementioned states.

[6] Until 1947, the year the British Raj officially came to an end, Frederick reigned as the third and last Emperor of India. The title was officially abolished via the passage of the Indian Independence Act 1947.

[7] Having been born in the Swedish royal residence of Haga Palace, Charles III is just one of two British monarchs alongside his granddaughter Alexandra to have been born in a country where they did not later reign over.

[8] With the passing of the Church of England Act 1998, Thomas is effectively the last British monarch to reign prior to the disestablishment of the Church of England which British monarchs have traditionally led as supreme governor. In addition, following the transfer of Hong Kong to China in July 1997, Thomas became the last British monarch to use the imperial title which he personally rescinded in a symbolic gesture marking the end of the British Empire in light of the independence of its last colonial possession.

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@@ Line 123: / Line 123: @@
 |-
-| '''{{Big|[[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]]}}<ref>With the passing of the {{wp|Church of England Act 1998}}, [[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]] is effectively the last {{wp|British}} monarch to reign prior to the {{wp|Disestablishmentarianism|disestablishment}} of the {{wp|Church of England}} which {{wp|British}} monarchs have traditionally led as {{wp|Supreme Governor of the Church of England|supreme governor}}.</ref>'''<br/>''Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles''<br/>15 January 1997<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>1 August 2019
+| '''{{Big|[[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]]}}<ref>With the passing of the {{wp|Church of England Act 1998}}, [[Thomas, King of the British|Thomas]] is effectively the last {{wp|British}} monarch to reign prior to the {{wp|Disestablishmentarianism|disestablishment}} of the {{wp|Church of England}} which {{wp|British}} monarchs have traditionally led as {{wp|Supreme Governor of the Church of England|supreme governor}}. In addition, following the transfer of {{wp|Hong Kong}} to {{wp|China}} in July 1997, Thomas became the last {{wp|British}} monarch to use the imperial title which he personally rescinded in a symbolic gesture marking the end of the {{wp|British Empire}} in light of the independence of its last colonial possession.</ref>'''<br/>''Thomas William Frederick Francis Albert Charles''<br/>15 January 1997<br/>{{Ndash}}<br/>Abdicated<br/>1 August 2019
 | {{Age in years and days|1997|1|15|2019|8|1|duration=yes}}
 | [[File:NoG2.jpg|100px]]

List of British Monarchs (Hanover): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:28, 22 June 2024

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