The Diutchelies Language: Difference between revisions
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|Kēnīg||Noun||Feminine||Queen | |Kēnīg||Noun||Feminine||Queen | ||
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|Kōenig||Noun||Masculine||King | |Kōenig ||Noun||Masculine||King | ||
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|Kōenigrejik||Noun||Neuter||Kingdom | |Kōenigrejik||Noun||Neuter||Kingdom | ||
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| | |Jannar(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |Janurary | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Febrar(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |Febuary | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Gottmont | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |March | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |April(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |April | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Maiz(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |May | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Kōenigmont | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |June | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Kēnīgmont | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |July | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Arbar(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |August | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Bludmont | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |September | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Angstar(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |October | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Tōdar(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |November | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Schnar(mont) | ||
| | |Noun | ||
| | |Masculine | ||
| | |December | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | |
Latest revision as of 18:00, 23 August 2024
Diutchelies | |
---|---|
Pronunciation | dˈɔ͡øst͡ʃəlˌiːs |
Native to | Diutche, Östendiutche |
Ethnicity | Diutcheliche |
Native speakers | 73.2 Million (2018) |
Germanic
| |
Diutcheliche Alphabet (Latin Script) | |
Official status | |
Official language in | Diutche, Östendiutche |
Regulated by | The Linguist Academy of Starkia |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-1 | di |
ISO 639-2 | diu |
ISO 639-3 | diu |
Glottolog | Diutchelies [1] |
Linguasphere | German |
The Diutche language, Diutchelies, has 3 genders and 4 cases. Like its many Germanic counterparts, there is not a set word order for the cases (there is a rigid word order for things such as adjectives, adverbs, and the like). The three genders are Feminine, Masculine, and Neuter, while the cases are Nominative (Subject), Accusative (Direct Object), Genitive (Possession), and Dative (Indirect Object). When discussing crowds of people, or things of unknown gender, the neuter case is used, in place of feminine or masculine singular and plural declensions.
Articles
Articles in Diutchelies are split into 2 categories, Definite Articles (“the”) and Indefinite Articles (“a”). Both article types have 4 cases, and 4 grammatical genders; the cases being Nominative for subject, Accusative for direct object, Dative for indirect object, and genitive for possession; and Masculine, Feminine, Neuter, and Plural for the genders. Articles will agree with the gender and case of the afflicted noun, or act as the signifier of case and gender if the noun does not show it (such as numbers).
Articles are a required part of speech, but can be either left out in some cases, or replaced with a demonstrative pronoun (that, those) or a determiner. The situation an article can be left out is where the main verb directly applies to the noun/object, ie “I like dog(s)” compared to “I like the/a dog(s)”. And unlike English, the definite article can be left out on singular forms, whereas English requires the definite article to stay if the noun is singular. The articles however, have to be kept when using a proposition, such as “I am going to the/a doctor”, or when the verb “see” or “be” is used, ie “I see the/a doctor” and “I am the/a doctor”.
When using nicht “not” in a sentence, it will typically be precede the main verb, but when seir “be” is used as the main verb, nicht is placed in front of the definite, “I am not the doctor”, where k- will be attached to the indefinite article to form its negative form. The k- will also be attached to ens “one” if it used as a determiner. 2 and onward will use nicht.
And unlike many other languages, Diutchelies has a plural indefinite article. This article, Itehr, is typically translated as any, and can be used like any, but can also be used for an uncertain amount of things.
case | Articles | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Definite | Indefinite | |||||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | Tro | Tre | Tra | Tehr | Ito | Ite | Ita | Itehr |
Accusative | Tron | Tren | Tran | Tehn | Iton | Iten | Itan | Itehn |
Dative | Trom | Trem | Tram | Tehm | Itom | Item | Itam | Itehm |
Genitive | Tros | Tres | Tras | Tehs | Itos | Ites | Itas | Itehs |
Nouns
Nouns have their own set of declensions and rules. Diutchelies has two types of noun declensions, Strong and Weak. The main difference is that the Strong indicates the gender and case much clearer than Weak. Strong declensions will be used if the article used (even if left out) is a definite article or a determiner is used in its place, while the Weak declensions will be used with indefinite articles. Adjectives will agree with the declensions of the afflicted noun, but adjectives in a sequence, with the chief (and most important) adjective taking the Strong declension, will always use Weak declensions, this will also apply to nouns in a sequence.
Irregular nouns are nouns that do not follow the declension pattern, and have the same form for all cases, and have an irregular plural.
When speaking about numbers, the gender is masculine, and not use a declension. The articles, definite, and indefinite, will be the signifiers of the case. When used as a determiner, they will take place of the article and will use the weak declension endings. The afflicted word will still use the strong declensions.
Compound nouns are formed by take two nouns, and joining them together. Ex. Horsedog. This is unlike English, which keeps them separated. Compound nouns will take the gender of the base noun, ie “dog” in “horsedog”, as “horse” is the modifier of “dog”. The case declensions will be added as if it is one word. Compound nouns is a way to avoid using Possession and Genitive, while also allowing for a compound ownership, ie “the horsedog’s house” or “the house of horsedog”.
Down below is the chart of declensions:
case | Declensions | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Strong | Weak | |||||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | -ro | -re | -ra | -er | -e | -n | ||
Accusative | -no | -ne | -na | -en | ||||
Dative | -mo | -me | -ma | -em | -m | |||
Genitive | -so | -se | -sa | -es |
For both declensions, if the noun ends with an "e" and the declension starts with "e," remove the first "e" and turn the second "e" into "ē". When ending with an “i”, it will change to “ï” and the following “e” will remain. If the noun does not have an ending vowel, “i” will be inserted before any of the declensions that start with a consonant. If there is not a vowel at the end of a word that is being declined using the weak declension endings of “-m” and “-n”, a “i” will be placed before it.
Things such as demonyms or the names of groups are unique, and do not use the above declensions. They will retain their current ending for all singular declensions, while gaining -n for masculine plural, -ne for feminine plural, and -na for neuter plural.
Pronouns
Like other languages, Diutchelies has 4 main types of pronouns, Subject (I, We), Direct (me, us), Indirect (also me and us in English) and Genitive. However, what sets it aside is that, while other Germanic languages tend to have an informal and formal pair of you (singular and plural, Diutchelies has two types of Subject Pronouns lists, Informal and Formal. The language does not have any other Informal or Formal pronoun list.
When speaking to a mixed-gendered crowd, it is required to use the Neuter pronouns, and the use of other genders is considered bad speech. This separates it from many other languages, such as French, that automatically goes to the Masculine pronoun when only one male gendered person is in the “they” group. However, unlike French, one could use the Feminine and Masculine pronouns for both “they” groups if 20% or less of the group is of the other gender.
Like English, Diutchelies has “That”, “Those” and “This”, “These”. However, unlike English, the singular Demonstrative Pronouns are gendered, and have more case declensions than the standard English ones.
Relative pronouns in English are “that”, “who”, “which”, and “what”. Keep in mind that “that” in English is both relative and demonstrative and that “which”, “who”, and “what” have two distinct forms in Diutchelies, one being relative pronouns, and the other being personal pronouns.
Examples of relative pronouns: “That is the dog that I love”, “The man who/that you met”, “The eights cows (of) which I bought”, “We gave her what she needs”.
The pronouns are as such:
Pronouns | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Translation | Case | |||||||||
Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Genitive | Reflexive | Reciprocal | ||||||
Formal | Informal | ||||||||||
Personal | First Person | Single | I | Ir | Is | Mis | Mir | Mich | Michselb | ||
Plural | We | Wir | Tis | Uns | Unch | Unchselbis | Unsi | ||||
Second Person | Single | You | Te | Du | Dis | Dir | Dich | Dichselb | |||
Plural | You | Ste | Dhe | Dhes | Dher | Dhech | Dhechselbis | Dhesi | |||
Third Person | Single | Male | He | Ib | En | Ehn | Ehr | Ehch | Ehchselb | ||
Female | She | Ik | Hen | Hes | Her | Hech | Hechselb | ||||
Neuter | It | Lei | Ie | Im | Imir | Imch | Imchselb | ||||
Plural | Male | They | Sib | Em | Ehn | Ehr | Ehch | Ehchselbis | Ehso | ||
Female | They | Sik | Hem | Hes | Her | Hech | Hechselbis | Hese | |||
Neuter | They | Leit | Es | Im | Imir | Imch | Imchselbis | Imsa | |||
Indefinite | Fourth Person | Single | Assertive Existential | Someone | Māndēns | Māndēnsir | Māndēnch | Māndēnch selb | |||
Something | Mānting | Māntings | Māntingir | Māntinch | Māntinch selb | ||||||
Somewhere | Māndwō | Māndwōs | Māndwōr | ||||||||
Sometime | Mānzēt | Mānzēts | Mānzētir | ||||||||
Negative | No one | Nīens | Nīensir | Nīench | Nīench selb(is) | Ensi | |||||
Nothing | Nīting | Nītings | Nītingir | Nītinch | Nītinch selb(is) | Tingsi | |||||
Nowhere | Nīwō | Nīwōs | Nīwōr | ||||||||
Never | Nīmmir | Nīmmirs | Nīmmir | ||||||||
Universal | Everyone | Jëdens | Jëdensir | Jëdench | Jëdench selb(is) | Ensi | |||||
Everything | Jëting | Jëtings | Jëtingir | Jëtinch | Jëtinch selb(is) | Tingsi | |||||
Everywhere | Jëdwō | Jëdwōs | Jëdwōr | ||||||||
Everytime | Jëzēt | Jëzēts | Jëzētir | ||||||||
Forever | Fūrimmir | Fūrimmirs | Fūrimmir | ||||||||
Elective/Dubitative Existential[2] | Anyone | Itehrens | Itehrensir | Itehrench | Itehrench selb(is) | Ensi | |||||
Anything | Itehting | Itehtings | Itehtingir | Itehtinch | Itehtinch selb(is) | Tingsi | |||||
Anywhere | Itehrwō | Itehrwōs | Itehrwōr | ||||||||
Anytime | Itehzēt | Itehzēts | Itehzētir | ||||||||
Dual | Negative | Neither | Nīeds | Nīeds | Nīedsir | Nīedch | Depends on afflicted grouping | ||||
Assertive Existential | Both | Beide | Beides | Beider | Beidech | ||||||
Universal | |||||||||||
Elective/Dubitative Existential[2] | Either | Eds | Edsir | Edsir | Edch | ||||||
Plural | Assertive Existential | Other | Andēre[3] | Andēres | Andērer | Andērech | |||||
Universal | Some, Most | Mānde, Mōste | Māndes, Mōstes | Mānder, Mōster | Māndech, Mōstech | ||||||
Elective/Dubitative Existential[2] | |||||||||||
Single and Plural | Negative | None (Not A(n)) | K- added to the singular indefinite articles, with agreement to gender. | ||||||||
None (Not One) | Kens(e)(in) | Kens(e)(in) | Kens(im)(in) | Kens(im)(in) | |||||||
None (Not Any) | Kitehr | Kitehn | Kitehm | Kitehs | |||||||
Generic | One | Ens | Ensir | Ench | Enchselb | Ensi | |||||
All | Alle | Alles | Aller | Allech | Alle selbis | Ensi | |||||
Interrogative | Personal | Who | We | Wes | Wer | Wech | |||||
Impersonal | Specific | What | Wa | Was | War | Wach | |||||
Unspecific | Which | Wi | Wis | Wir | Wich | ||||||
Demonstrative | Singular | Proximal | Male | This | Tīl | Nīl | Nēl | Hōs | |||
Female | Tīr | Nīr | Nēr | Hēs | |||||||
Neuter | Tīs | Nīs | Nēs | Hās | |||||||
Distal | Male | That | Tīol | Nīol | Hiel | ||||||
Female | Tīer | Nīer | Hier | ||||||||
Neuter | Tīas | Nīas | Hies | ||||||||
Plural | Proximal | These | Tūr | Nūr | Hūr | ||||||
Distal | Those | Tūir | Nūir | Hūir | |||||||
Relative | Singular | Male | That, Who, Which, What | Dor | Don | Dom | Dorse | ||||
Female | Die | Den | Dem | Desse | |||||||
Neuter | Dar | Diar | Darse | ||||||||
Plural | Das | Dis | Dasse |
Possession and Genitive
In Diutchelies, there are two main types of ownership and a minor type, Genitive, Possession, and Compound Nouns . The Genitive, like the English’s, is the grammatical case for ownership, while Possession uses von “of/from”. While they are similar, they have a set of rules. While Genitive is required to use only the genitive case, Possession can use any case (that is not genitive). In order to form the Possession, the object or person will use the appropriate case declension (weak or strong), followed by von and followed by the owner, which only uses the weak declension. Ex “tram deckema von kartem”. In the genitive case, the object that is in the genitive case is the owner, and the following owned object uses either accusative single or plural, in both strong and weak declensions.
Compound nouns, in contrast to Possession and Genitive, can be used to ignore them both, and combine the two. The combination can be used with any case and declension. This will allow for a compound ownership. Ex “tres deckekartese haße”. There is a general exemption to compound nouns, which is names. Names of groups or individuals cannot be combined into compound tenses. Names are unique in form. Group names and demonyms have a special set of declensions, where the singular form stays the same in all cases, while the plural either uses -n, -ne, or -na. And personal names will only use the weak declension. In order to form ownership with names as the owned object, they will not be declined, while when used as the owner, will decline to agree with the case (if it has the ability to). As an example with Genitive; “Tehs Diutchelichen haßna”, “Tras haßsa Diutcelichen”; and with Possession; “Johne von tran haße”, “Tra haßra von Johne”.
When used as “from”, the object after it will be required to take on the strong declension, to differentiate it from “of”.
Verbs
Verbs are the very core of a sentence, where it is needed to form a sentence. Verbs in Diutchelies either have the endings of -er or -ir, both have the similar conjugations, and it uses helping verbs to form tenses. Diutchelies has a continuous mood, but it is an unrecognised mood by the Linguist Academy of Starkia, and the common use is not fully standardised. The further use of continuous would be considered informal. Despite that status, a standardised version is listed. Imperfect and Past Continuous are by effect, the same. Imperfect is more traditional, and formal, while the Past Continuous is in line with the other continuous tense.
Besides the helping verbs that are required to form a tense, there are two helping verbs that could be used for emphasis, one being for ability; and the other for obligation and intention/strong assertion. The two emphasis helping verbs being makir “to make, to do”, and the other being seir “to be”. Makir is used only for the present indicative tense and the simple past tense, translating into English as “I do verb” or “I did verb”. In order to use makir, it is needed to strip the verb of its ending, either being -er, -ir, or any irregular endings, and adding the correct present indicative or simple past conjugation of makir. Seir, already being used as a requirement for a few tenses, can be used for the present continuous tense. The use of it will require the correct present indicative conjugation, but the afflicted verb will remain the same, translating into English as “I am verbing”. The other 2 helping verbs are kāntre “can, to be able to” for ability; and solier “shall, to ought to” for obligation and intention/strong assertion. Both take the same verb formation as makir, stripping the verb of their endings. Like English, these two verbs can be used for conditional, but unlike English, the simple past form is distinct and does not form the conditional.
When using the conditional forms, the conditional conjugations replace the conditional of wil, and can be seen in the irregular verb conjugations. Solier, like shall in English can be used to form the future, being seen as a stronger version of wil. However, when used as this, the base verb will retain its conjugation on top of solier’s conjugation; otherwise, with the use of solier, it is best to translate it as “to ought to”. Like in English, placing a helping verb before the subject pronoun will make the sentence a question, with the correct conjugation of the base verb, but this is not a required question format, and other ways such as an exclamation can form a question. Even when the subject pronoun is not in the beginning of the sentence, as Diutchelies does not have a set word order, if the helping verb is directly preceding the subject pronoun, it will still form a question.
To make a verb passive (to be verbed) instead of active, attach seis to the beginning of the verb. If the verb starts with an S, such as Sterbaner, “To Die”/“To Kill”, the two Ss will merge and become ß: Ir wir seißterbanti, “I was killed”. Some verbs cannot become passive, and will still be considered a regular verb. If the passive does not make sense with the English translation, it should not be passive. In order to form the negative, add “nicht” in front of the verb (and any additions, such as seis): Ir wil nicht komtani, “I will not come”; Ir wil hase nicht sießeihra, “I will have not been seen”.
Sterbaner, as seen, has two translations, as the verb means both. What differentiates the two is that, if there is not any afflicted pronoun or object, it will be seen as “to die”, ie: “Ir sterbanti”, “I die” and if it does, “Ir sterbanti dis”, “I kill you”. The passive form will always translate to “to kill”. Some verbs in Diutchelies has this property when having combined meanings.
Below is the model conjugations of verbs.
Model Conjugation
Komtanir, “To Come” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | komtani | komtanis | komtanit | komtanin | komtanist | komtanint | I come | |
Simple Past | komtanti | komtantis | komtantit | komtantin | komtantist | komtantint | I came | ||
Imperfect | wir komtani | wirs komtanis | wirt komtanit | wiren komtanin | wiren komtanist | wiren komtanint | I was coming | ||
Future | wil komtani | wil komtani | wilt komtani | wile komtani | wile komtani | wilte komtani | I will come | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase komtanti | hast komtantis | hast komtantit | hase komtantin | has komtantist | has komtantint | I have come | |
Pluperfect | hatet komtanti | hate komtantis | hatet komtantit | hater komtantin | hates komtantist | hater komtantint | I had come | ||
Future | wil hase komtanti | wil hast komtantis | wilt hast komtantit | wile hase komtantin | wile has komtantist | wilte has komtantint | I will have come | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | komtania | komtanias | komtaniat | komtanian | komtaniast | komtaniant | I am coming | |
Past Continuous | wir komtania | wirs komtanias | wirt komtaniat | wiren komtanian | wiren komtaniast | wiren komtaniant | I was coming | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirkomtantia | hast wirkomtantias | hast wirkomtantiat | hase wirkomtantian | has wirkomtantiast | has wirkomtantiant | I have been coming | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirkomtantia | hate wirkomtantias | hatet wirkomtantiat | hater wirkomtantian | hates wirkomtantiast | hater wirkomtantiant | I had been coming | ||
Future Continuous | wil seikomtania | wil seikomtania | wilt seikomtania | wile seikomtania | wile seikomtania | wilte seikomtania | I will be coming | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirkomtantia | wil hast wirkomtantias | wilt hast wirkomtantiat | wile hase wirkomtantian | wile has wirkomtantiast | wilte has wirkomtantiant | I will have been coming | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold komtani | wold komtanis | wolt komtanit | wolde komtanin | wolde komtanist | wolte komtanint | I would come | |
Perfect | wold hase komtanti | wold hast komtantis | wolt hast komtantit | wolde hase komtantin | wolde has komtantist | wolte has komtantint | I would have come | ||
Present Continuous | wold seikomtania | wold seikomtanias | wolt seikomtaniat | wolde seikomtanian | wolde seikomtaniast | wolte seikomtaniant | I would be coming | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirkomtantia | wold hast wirkomtantias | wolt hast wirkomtantiat | wolde hase wirkomtantian | wolde has wirkomtantiast | wolte has wirkomtantiant | I would have been coming | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | komtanē | komtanē | (You) come! | |||||
Future | komtanū | komtanū | (You) will come! | ||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | komtanir | To Come | |||||||
Participle | komtandi | komtanti | komtanni | Coming, Came, Will Come |
Sterbaner, “To Die”, “To Kill” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | sterbane | sterbanes | sterbanet | sterbanen | sterbanest | sterbanent | I die | |
Simple Past | sterbante | sterbantes | sterbantet | sterbanten | sterbantest | sterbantent | I died | ||
Imperfect | wir sterbane | wirs sterbanes | wirt sterbanet | wiren sterbanen | wiren sterbanest | wiren sterbanent | I was dying | ||
Future | wil sterbane | wil sterbane | wilt sterbane | wile sterbane | wile sterbane | wilte sterbane | I will die | ||
Passive | Present | seißterbane | seißterbanes | seißterbanet | seißterbanen | seißterbanest | seißterbanent | I am killed | |
Simple Past | seißterbante | seißterbantes | seißterbantet | seißterbanten | seißterbantest | seißterbantent | I was killed | ||
Imperfect | wir seißterbane | wirs seißterbanes | wirt seißterbanet | wiren seißterbanen | wiren seißterbanest | wiren seißterbanent | I was being killed | ||
Future | wil seißterbane | wil seißterbane | wilt seißterbane | wile seißterbane | wile seißterbane | wilte seißterbane | I will be killed | ||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase sterbante | hast sterbantes | hast sterbantet | hase sterbanten | has sterbantest | has sterbantent | I have died | |
Pluperfect | hatet sterbante | hate sterbantes | hatet sterbantet | hater sterbanten | hates sterbantest | hater sterbantent | I had died | ||
Future | wil hase sterbante | wil hast sterbantes | wilt hast sterbantet | wile hase sterbanten | wile has sterbantest | wilte has sterbantent | I will have died | ||
Passive | Present | hase seißterbante | hast seißterbantes | hast seißterbantet | hase seißterbanten | has seißterbantest | has seißterbantent | I have been killed | |
Pluperfect | hatet seißterbante | hate seißterbantes | hatet seißterbantet | hater seißterbanten | hates seißterbantest | hater seißterbantent | I had been killed | ||
Future | wil hase seißterbante | wil hast seißterbantes | wilt hast seißterbantet | wile hase seißterbanten | wile has seißterbantest | wilte has seißterbantent | I will have been killed | ||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | sterbaneo | sterbaneos | sterbaneot | sterbaneon | sterbaneost | sterbaneont | I am dying | |
Past Continuous | wir sterbaneo | wirs sterbaneos | wirt sterbaneos | wiren sterbaneon | wiren sterbaneost | wiren sterbaneont | I was dying | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirsterbanteo | hast wirsterbanteos | hast wirsterbanteot | hase wirsterbanteon | has wirsterbanteost | has wirsterbanteont | I have been dying | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirsterbanteo | hate wirsterbanteos | hatet wirsterbanteot | hater wirsterbanteon | hates wirsterbanteost | hater wirsterbanteont | I had been dying | ||
Future Continuous | wil seisterbaneo | wil seisterbaneo | wilt seisterbaneo | wile seisterbaneo | wile seisterbaneo | wilte seisterbaneo | I will be dying | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirsterbanteo | wil hast wirsterbanteos | wilt hast wirsterbanteot | wile hase wirsterbanteon | wile has wirsterbanteost | wilte has wirsterbanteont | I will have been dying | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | seißterbaneo | seißterbaneos | seißterbaneot | seißterbaneon | seißterbaneost | seißterbaneont | I am being killed | |
Past Continuous | wir seißterbaneo | wirs seißterbaneos | wirt seißterbaneos | wiren seißterbaneon | wiren seißterbaneost | wiren seißterbaneont | I was being killed | ||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold sterbane | wold sterbanes | wolt sterbanet | wolde sterbanen | wolde sterbanest | wolte sterbanent | I would die | |
Perfect | wold hase sterbante | wold hast sterbantes | wolt hast sterbantet | wolde hase sterbanten | wolde has sterbantest | wolte has sterbantent | I would have died | ||
Present Continuous | wold seisterbaneo | wold seisterbaneos | wolt seisterbaneot | wolde seisterbaneon | wolde seisterbaneost | wolte seisterbaneont | I would be dying | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirsterbanteo | wold hast wirsterbanteos | wolt hast wirsterbanteot | wolde hase wirsterbanteon | wolde has wirsterbanteost | wolte has wirsterbanteont | I would have been dying | ||
Passive | Present | wold seißterbane | wold seißterbanes | wolt seißterbanet | wolde seißterbanen | wolde seißterbanest | wolte seißterbanent | I would be killed | |
Perfect | wold hase seißterbante | wold hast seißterbantes | wolt hast seißterbantet | wolde hase seißterbanten | wolde has seißterbantest | wolte has seißterbantent | I would have been killed | ||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | sterbanī | sterbanī | (You) die! | |||||
Future | sterbanū | sterbanū | (You) will die! | ||||||
Passive | Present | seißterbanī | seißterbanī | (You) be killed! | |||||
Future | seißterbanū | seißterbanū | (You) will be killed! | ||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | sternbaner | seißternbaner | To Die, To Be Killed | ||||||
Participle | sternbande | sternbante | sternbanne | seißternbande | seißternbante | seißternbanne | Dying, Died, Will Die, Being Killed, Been Killed, Will be Killed |
Irregulars
Seir, “To Be” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | amt | ist | ist | seid | seid | seid | I am | |
Simple Past | wir | wirs | wirt | wiren | wiren | wiren | I was | ||
Imperfect | wir se | wirs se | wirt se | wiren se | wiren se | wiren se | I was being | ||
Future | wil sei | wil sei | wilt sei | wile sei | wile sei | wilte sei | I will be | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase wir | hast wirs | hast wirt | hase wiren | has wiren | has wiren | I have been | |
Pluperfect | hatet wir | hate wirs | hatet wirt | hater wiren | hates wiren | hater wiren | I had been | ||
Future | wil hase wir | wil hast wirs | wilt hast wirt | wile hase wiren | wile has wiren | wilte has wiren | I will have been | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | seia | seias | seiat | seian | seiast | seiant | I am being | |
Past Continuous | wir seia | wirs seias | wirt seiat | wiren seian | wiren seiast | wiren seiant | I was being | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirsetia | hast wirsetias | hast wirsetiat | hase wirsetian | has wirsetiast | has wirseihrtiant | I have been being | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirsetia | hate wirsetias | hatet wirsetiat | hater wirsetian | hates wirsetiast | hater wirseihrtiant | I had been being | ||
Future Continuous | wil seiseia | wil seiseia | wilt seiseia | wile seiseia | wile seiseia | wilte seiseia | I will be being | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirsetia | wil hast wirsetias | wilt hast wirsetiat | wile hase wirsetian | wile has wirsetiast | wilte has wirsetiant | I will have been being | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold sei | wold seis | wolt seit | wolde sein | wolde seist | wolte seint | I would be | |
Perfect | wold hase seti | wold hast setis | wolt hast setit | wolde hase setin | wolde has setist | wolte has setint | I would have been | ||
Present Continuous | wold seiseia | wold seiseias | wolt seiseiat | wolde seiseian | wolde seiseiast | wolte seiseiant | I would be being | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirsetia | wold hast wirsetias | wolt hast wirsetiat | wolde hase wirsetian | wolde has wirsetiast | wolte has wirsetiant | I would have been being | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | sā | sā | (You) be! | |||||
Future | sū | sū | (You) will be! | ||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | seir | To Be | |||||||
Participle | seda | seta | sena | Being, Was, Will Be |
Haser, “To Have” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase | hast | hast | hase | has | has | I have | |
Simple Past | hatet | hate | hatet | hater | hates | hater | I had | ||
Imperfect | wir hase | wirs hast | wirt hast | wiren hat | wiren hat | wiren hat | I was having | ||
Future | wil hase | wil hase | wilt hase | wile hase | wile hase | wilte hase | I will be | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase hatet | hast hate | hast hatet | hase hater | has hates | has hater | I have had | |
Pluperfect | hatet hatet | hate hate | hatet hatet | hater hater | hates hates | hater hater | I had had | ||
Future | wil hase hatet | wil hast hate | wilt hast hatet | wile hase hater | wile has hates | wilte has hater | I will have had | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | haseo | haseos | haseot | haseon | haseost | haseont | I am having | |
Past Continuous | wir haseo | wirs haseos | wirt haseos | wiren haseon | wiren haseost | wiren haseont | I was having | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirhasteo | hast wirhasteos | hast wirhasteot | hase wirhasteon | has wirhasteost | has wirhasteont | I have been having | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirhasteo | hate wirhasteos | hatet wirhasteot | hater wirhasteon | hates wirhasteost | hater wirhasteont | I had been having | ||
Future Continuous | wil seihaseo | wil seihaseo | wilt seihaseo | wile seihaseo | wile seigehseo | wilte seigehseo | I will be having | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirhasteo | wil hast wirhasteos | wilt hast wirhasteot | wile hase wirhasteon | wile has wirhasteost | wilte has wirhasteont | I will have been having | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold hase | wold hases | wolt haset | wolde hasen | wolde hasest | wolte hasent | I would have | |
Perfect | wold hase haste | wold hast hastes | wolt hast hastet | wolde hase hasten | wolde has hastest | wolte has hastent | I would have have | ||
Present Continuous | wold seihaseo | wold seihaseos | wolt seihaseot | wolde seihaseon | wolde seihaseost | wolte seihaseont | I would be having | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirhasteo | wold hast wirhasteos | wolt hast wirhasteot | wolde hase wirhasteon | wolde has wirhasteost | wolte has wirhasteont | I would have been having | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hasī | hasī | (You) have! | |||||
Future | hasū | hasū | (You) will have! | ||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | haser | To Have | |||||||
Participle | hade | hate | hane | Having, Had, Will Have |
Gehsir, “To Go” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | gehse | gehses | gehset | gehsen | gehsest | gehsent | I go | |
Simple Past | gehst | gehßt | gehßti | gehsit | gehßit | gehßiti | I went | ||
Imperfect | wir gehs | wirs gehs | wirt gehs | wiren gehs | wiren gehs | wiren gehs | I was going | ||
Future | wil gehse | wil gehse | wilt gehse | wile gehse | wile gehse | wilte gehse | I will go | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase gehst | hast gehßt | hast gehßti | hase gehsit | has gehßit | has gehßiti | I have gone | |
Pluperfect | hatet gehst | hate gehßt | hatet gehßti | hater gehsit | hates gehßit | hater gehßiti | I had gone | ||
Future | wil hase gehst | wil hast gehßt | wilt hast gehßti | wile hase gehsit | wile has gehßit | wilte has gehßiti | I will have gone | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | gehseo | gehseos | gehseot | gehseon | gehseost | gehseont | I am going | |
Past Continuous | wir gehseo | wirs gehseos | wirt gehseos | wiren gehseon | wiren gehseost | wiren gehseont | I was going | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirgehsteo | hast wirgehsteos | hast wirgehsteot | hase wirgehsteon | has wirgehsteost | has wirgehsteont | I have been going | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirgehsteo | hate wirgehsteos | hatet wirgehsteot | hater wirgehsteon | hates wirgehsteost | hater wirgehsteont | I had been going | ||
Future Continuous | wil seigehseo | wil seigehseo | wilt seigehseo | wile seigehseo | wile seigehseo | wilte seigehseo | I will be going | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirgehsteo | wil hast wirgehsteos | wilt hast wirgehsteot | wile hase wirgehsteon | wile has wirgehsteost | wilte has wirgehsteont | I will have been going | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold gehse | wold gehses | wolt gehset | wolde gehsen | wolde gehsest | wolte gehsent | I would go | |
Perfect | wold hase gehste | wold hast gehstes | wolt hast gehstet | wolde hase gehsten | wolde has gehstest | wolte has gehstent | I would have gone | ||
Present Continuous | wold seigehseo | wold seigehseos | wolt seigehseot | wolde seigehseon | wolde seigehseost | wolte seigehseont | I would be going | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirgehsteo | wold hast wirgehsteos | wolt hast wirgehsteot | wolde hase wirgehsteon | wolde has wirgehsteost | wolte has wirgehsteont | I would have been going | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | ghē | ghē | (You) go! | |||||
Future | ghū | ghū | (You) will go! | ||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | gehsir | To Go | |||||||
Participle | gehsdi | gehsti | gehsni | Going, Gone, Will Go |
Seihar, “To see” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | seihs | seiht | seiht | seihan | seihast | seihant | I see | |
Simple Past | seihra | seihras | seihrat | seihrain | seihraist | seihraint | I saw | ||
Imperfect | wir seihpa | wirs seihpa | wirt seihpa | wiren seihpas | wiren seihpas | wiren seihpast | I was seeing | ||
Future | wil seiha | wil seiha | wilt seiha | wile seiha | wile seiha | wilte seiha | I will see | ||
Passive | Present | seißeihs | seißeiht | seißeiht | seißeihan | seißeihast | seißeihant | I am seen | |
Simple Past | seißeihra | seißeihras | seißeihrat | seißeihrain | seißeihraist | seißeihraint | I was seen | ||
Imperfect | wir seißeihpa | wirs seißeihpa | wirt seißeihpa | wiren seißeihpas | wiren seißeihpas | wiren seißeihpast | I was being seeing | ||
Future | wil seißeiha | wil seißeiha | wilt seißeiha | wile seißeiha | wile seißeiha | wilte seißeiha | I will be seen | ||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase seihra | hast seihras | hast seihrat | hase seihrain | has seihraist | has seihra | I have seen | |
Pluperfect | hatet seihra | hate seihras | hatet seihrat | hater seihrain | hates seihraist | hater seihraint | I had seen | ||
Future | wil hase seihra | wil hast seihras | wilt hast seihrat | wile hase seihrain | wile has seihraist | wilte has seihraint | I will have seen | ||
Passive | Present | hase seißeihra | hast seißeihras | hast seißeihrat | hase seißeihrain | has seißeihraist | has seißeihra | I have been seen | |
Pluperfect | hatet seißeihra | hate seißeihras | hatet seißeihrat | hater seißeihrain | hates seißeihraist | hater seißeihraint | I had been seen | ||
Future | wil hase seißeihra | wil hast seißeihras | wilt hast seißeihrat | wile hase seißeihrain | wile has seißeihraist | wilte has seißeihraint | I will have been seen | ||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | seihria | seihrias | seihriat | seihrian | seihriast | seihriant | I am seeing | |
Past Continuous | wir seihria | wirs seihrias | wirt seihriat | wiren seihrian | wiren seihriast | wiren seihriant | I was seeing | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirseihtia | hast wirseihtias | hast wirseihtiat | hase wirseihtian | has wirseihtiast | has wirseihtiant | I have been seeing | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirseihtia | hate wirseihtias | hatet wirseihtiat | hater wirseihtian | hates wirseihtiast | hater wirseihtiant | I had been seeing | ||
Future Continuous | wil seiseihria | wil seiseihria | wilt seiseihria | wile seiseihria | wile seiseihria | wilte seiseihria | I will be seeing | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirseihtia | wil hast wirseihtias | wilt hast wirseihtiat | wile hase wirseihtian | wile has wirseihtiast | wilte has wirseihtiant | I will have been seeing | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | seißeihria | seißeihrias | seißeihriat | seißeihrian | seißeihriast | seißeihriant | I am being seen | |
Past Continuous | wir seißeihria | wirs seißeihrias | wirt seißeihriat | wiren seißeihrian | wiren seißeihriast | wiren seißeihriant | I was being seeing | ||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold seihri | wold seihris | wolt seihrit | wolde seihrin | wolde seihrist | wolte seihrint | I would see | |
Perfect | wold hase seihti | wold hast seihtis | wolt hast seihtit | wolde hase seihtin | wolde has seihtist | wolte has seihtint | I would have seen | ||
Present Continuous | wold seiseihria | wold seiseihrias | wolt seiseihriat | wolde seiseihrian | wolde seiseihriast | wolte seiseihriant | I would be seeing | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirseihtia | wold hast wirseihtias | wolt hast wirseihtiat | wolde hase wirseihtian | wolde has wirseihtiast | wolte has wirseihtiant | I would have been seeing | ||
Passive | Present | wold seißeihri | wold seißeihris | wolt seißeihrit | wolde seißeihrin | wolde seißeihrist | wolte seißeihrint | I would be seen | |
Perfect | wold hase seißeihti | wold hast seißeihtis | wolt hast seißeihtit | wolde hase seißeihtin | wolde has seißeihtist | wolte has seißeihtint | I would have been seen | ||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | sæ | sæ | (You) see! | |||||
Future | seihu | seihu | (You) will see! | ||||||
Passive | Present | seißæ | seißæ | (You) be seen! | |||||
Future | seißeihu | seißeihu | (You) will be seen | ||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | seihar | seißeihar | To See, To Be Seen | ||||||
Participle | seihda | seihta | seihna | seißeihda | seißeihta | seißeihna | Seeing, Seen, Will See, Being Seen, Was Seen, Will Be Seen |
Kāntre, “Can, To Be Able To” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | kān | kāns | kānt | kān | kānst | kānt | I can | |
Simple Past | kāne | kānes | kānet | kānen | kānest | kānent | I could | ||
Imperfect | wir kān | wirs kāns | wirt kānt | wiren kān | wiren kānst | wiren kānt | I was able to | ||
Future | wil kān | wil kān | wilt kān | wile kān | wile kān | wilte kān | I will be able to | ||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase kāne | hast kānes | hast kānet | hase kānen | has kānest | has kānent | I have been able to | |
Pluperfect | hatet kāne | hate kānes | hatet kānet | hater kānen | hates kānest | hater kānent | I had been able to | ||
Future | wil hase kāne | wil hast kānes | wilt hast kānet | wile hase kānen | wile has kānest | wilte has kānent | I will have been able to | ||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Present Perfect | |||||||||
Past Perfect | |||||||||
Future Continuous | |||||||||
Future Perfect | |||||||||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | kāld | kāld | kālt | kālde | kālde | kālte | I could | |
Perfect | kāld hase | kāld hast | kālt hast | kālde hase | kālde has | kālte has | I could have | ||
Present Continuous | |||||||||
Perfect Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | kānæ | kānæ | (You) can! | |||||
Future | kānuē | kānuē | (You) will be able to! | ||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | kāntre | To Be Able To | |||||||
Participle | kānde | kānte | kānne | Bring Able, Eas Able, Will Be Able |
Wil, “Will” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wil | wil | wilt | wile | wile | wilte | I will | |
Simple Past | wild | wild | wilt | wilde | wilde | wilte | I would | ||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Present Perfect | |||||||||
Past Perfect | |||||||||
Future Continuous | |||||||||
Future Perfect | |||||||||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold | wold | wolt | wolde | wolde | wolte | I would | |
Perfect | wold hase | wold hast | wolt hast | wolde hase | wolde has | wolte has | I would have | ||
Present Continuous | |||||||||
Perfect Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wil | wil | (You) will! | |||||
Future | |||||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | wil | Will | |||||||
Participle |
Seikōmor, “To Become” | ||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | seikōmo | seikōmos | seikōmot | seikōmon | seikōmost | seikōmont | I become |
Simple Past | seikāma | seikāmas | seikāmat | seikāman | seikāmast | seikāmant | I became | |
Imperfect | wir seikōmo | wirs seikōmos | wirt seikōmot | wiren seikōmon | wiren seikōmost | wiren seikōmont | I was becoming | |
Future | wil seikēme | wil seikēme | wilt seikēme | wile seikēme | wile seikēme | wilte seikēme | I will become | |
Active | Present | |||||||
Simple Past | ||||||||
Imperfect | ||||||||
Future | ||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | hase seikāmo | hast seikāmos | hast seikāmot | hase seikāmon | has seikāmost | has seikāmont | I have become |
Pluperfect | hatet seikāma | hate seikāmas | hatet seikāmat | hater seikāman | hates seikāmast | hater seikāmant | I had become | |
Future | wil hase seikāme | wil hast seikāmes | wilt hast seikāmet | wile hase seikāmen | wile has seikāmest | wilte has seikāment | I will have become | |
Active | Present | |||||||
Pluperfect | ||||||||
Future | ||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present Continuous | seikōmœ | seikōmœs | seikōmœt | seikōmœn | seikōmœst | seikōmœnt | I am becoming |
Past Continuous | wir seikāmæ | wirs seikāmæs | wirt seikāmæt | wiren seikāmæn | wiren seikāmæst | wiren seikāmænt | I was becoming | |
Present Perfect | hase wirseikāmœ | hast wirseikāmœs | hast wirseikāmœt | hase wirseikāmœn | has wirseikāmœst | has wirseikāmœnt | I have been becoming | |
Past Perfect | hatet wirseikāmæ | hate wirseikāmæs | hatet wirseikāmæt | hater wirseikāmæn | hates wirseikāmæst | hater wirseikāmænt | I had been becoming | |
Future Continuous | wil saseikēmeo | wil saseikēmeo | wilt saseikēmeo | wile saseikēmeo | wile saseikēmeo | wilte saseikēmeo | I will be becoming | |
Future Perfect | wil hase wirseikāmeo | wil hast wirseikāmeos | wilt hast wirseikāmeot | wile hase wirseikāmeon | wile has wirseikāmeost | wilte has wirseikāmeont | I will have been becoming | |
Passive | Present Continuous | |||||||
Past Continuous | ||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | wold seikōmo | wold seikōmos | wolt seikōmot | wolde seikōmon | wolde seikōmost | wolte seikōmost | I would become |
Perfect | wold hase seikāma | wold hast seikāmas | wolt hast seikāmat | wolde hase seikāman | wolde has seikāmast | wolte has seikāmant | I would have become | |
Present Continuous | wold saseikōmo | wold saseikōmos | wolt saseikōmot | wolde saseikōmon | wolde saseikōmost | wolte saseikōmont | I would be becoming | |
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirseikāma | wold hast wirseikāmas | wolt hast wirseikāmat | wolde hase wirseikāman | wolde has wirseikāmast | wolte has wirseikāmant | I would have been becoming | |
Conditional | Present | |||||||
Perfect | ||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | seikōmā | seikōmā | (You) become! | ||||
Future | seikōmū | seikōmū | (You) will become! | |||||
Passive | Present | |||||||
Future | ||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | |||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | |||
Infinitive | seikōmor | To Become | ||||||
Participle | seikōmdo | seikōmto | seikōmno | Becoming, Became, Will Become |
Solier, “Shall, To Ought To” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | sol | sols | solt | soln | solst | solnt | I shall | |
Simple Past | soltie | solties | soltiet | soltien | soltiest | soltient | I should | ||
Imperfect | wir solti | wirs soltis | wirt soltit | wiren soltin | wiren soltist | wiren soltint | I was ought to | ||
Future | |||||||||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | hatet solte | hate soltes | hatet soltet | hater solten | hates soltest | hater soltent | I had ought to | ||
Future | |||||||||
Active | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Present Perfect | |||||||||
Past Perfect | |||||||||
Future Continuous | |||||||||
Future Perfect | |||||||||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | sold | sold | solt | solde | solde | solte | I should | |
Perfect | sold hase | sold hast | solt hast | solde hase | solde has | solte has | I should have | ||
Present Continuous | |||||||||
Perfect Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | solie | solie | (You) shall! | |||||
Future | |||||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | solier | To Ought To | |||||||
Participle |
Model Irregular: Wālier
Wālier, “To Want” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wāle | wāles | wālet | wālien | wāliest | wālient | I want | |
Simple Past | wāl | wāls | wālt | wāltien | wāltiest | wāltient | I wanted | ||
Imperfect | wir wāle | wirs wāles | wirt wālet | wiren wālien | wiren wāliest | wiren wālient | I was wanting | ||
Future | wil wānte | wil wānte | wilt wānte | wile wānte | wile wānte | wilte wānte | I will want | ||
Passive | Present | seiswāle | seiswāles | seiswālet | seiswālien | seiswāliest | seiswālient | I am wanted | |
Simple Past | seiswāl | seiswāls | seiswālt | seiswāltien | seiswāltiest | seiswāltient | I was wanted | ||
Imperfect | wir seiswāle | wirs seiswāles | wirt seiswālet | wiren seiswālien | wiren seiswāliest | wiren seiswālient | I was being wantes | ||
Future | wil seiswānte | wil seiswānte | wilt seiswānte | wile seiswānte | wile seiswānte | wilte seiswānte | I will be wanted | ||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase wāl | hast wāls | hast wālt | hase wāltien | has wāltiest | has wāltient | I have wanted | |
Pluperfect | hatet wāl | hate wāls | hatet wālt | hater wāltien | hates wāltiest | hater wāltient | I had wanted | ||
Future | wil hase wānte | wil hast wāntes | wilt hast wāntet | wile hase wānten | wile has wāntest | wilte has wāntent | I will have wanted | ||
Passive | Present | hase seiswāl | hast seiswāls | hast seiswālt | hase seiswāltien | has seiswāltiest | has seiswāltient | I have been wanted | |
Pluperfect | hatet seiswāl | hate seiswāls | hatet seiswālt | hater seiswāltien | hates seiswāltiest | hater seiswāltient | I had been wanted | ||
Future | wil hase seiswānte | wil hast seiswāntes | wilt hast seiswāntet | wile hase seiswānten | wile has seiswāntest | wilte has seiswāntent | I will have been wanted | ||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | wālieo | wālieos | wālieot | wālieon | wālieost | wālieont | I am wanting | |
Past Continuous | wir wāltieo | wirs wāltieos | wirt wāltieot | wiren wāltieon | wiren wāltieost | wiren wāltieont | I was wanting | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirwāltieo | hast wirwāltieos | hast wirwāltieot | hase wirwāltieon | has wirwāltieost | has wirwāltieont | I have been wanting | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirwāltieo | hate wirwāltieos | hatet wirwāltieot | hater wirwāltieon | hates wirwāltieost | hater wirwāltieont | I had been wanting | ||
Future Continuous | wil seiwānteo | wil seiwānteo | wilt seiwānteo | wile seiwānteo | wile seiwānteo | wilte seiwānteo | I will be wanting | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirwānteo | wil hast wirwānteos | wilt hast wirwānteot | wile hase wirwānteon | wile has wirwānteost | wilte has wirwānteont | I will have been wanting | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | seiswālieo | seiswālieos | seiswālieot | seiswālieon | seiswālieost | seiswālieont | I am being wanted | |
Past Continuous | wir seiswāltieo | wirs seiswāltieos | wirt seiswāltieot | wiren seiswāltieon | wiren seiswāltieost | wiren seiswāltieont | I was being wanted | ||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold wāle | wold wāles | wolt wālet | wolde wālien | wolde wāliest | wolte wālient | I would want | |
Perfect | wold hase wāl | wold hast wāls | wolt hast wālt | wolde hase wāltien | wolde has wāltiest | wolte has wāltient | I would have wanted | ||
Present Continuous | wold seiwālieo | wold seiwālieos | wolt seiwālieot | wolde seiwālieon | wolde seiwālieost | wolte seiwālieont | I would be wanting | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirwāltieo | wold hast wirwāltieos | wolt hast wirwāltieot | wolde hase wirwāltieon | wolde has wirwāltieost | wolte has wirwāltieont | I would have been wanting | ||
Passive | Present | wold seiswāle | wold seiswāles | wolt seiswālet | wolde seiswālien | wolde seiswāliest | wolte seiswālient | I would be wanted | |
Perfect | wold hase seiswāl | wold hast seiswāls | wolt hast seiswālt | wolde hase seiswāltien | wolde has seiswāltiest | wolte has seiswāltient | I would have been wanted | ||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wānt | wānt | (You) want! | |||||
Future | wūnt | wūnt | (You) will want! | ||||||
Passive | Present | seiswānt | seiswānt | (You) be wanted! | |||||
Future | seiswūnt | seiswūnt | (You) will be wanted! | ||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | wālier | seiswālier | To Want, To Be Wanted | ||||||
Participle | waliede | waliete | waliene | seiswaliede | seiswaliete | seiswaliene | Wanting, Wanted, Will Want, Being Wanted, Was Wanted, Will Be Wanted |
Telēfonier, “To Call” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | telēfone | telēfones | telēfonet | telēfonien | telēfoniest | telēfonient | I call | |
Simple Past | telēfon | telēfons | telēfont | telēfontien | telēfontiest | telēfontient | I called | ||
Imperfect | wir telēfone | wirs telēfones | wirt telēfonet | wiren telēfonien | wiren telēfoniest | wiren telēfonient | I was calling | ||
Future | wil telēfonte | wil telēfonte | wilt telēfonte | wile telēfonte | wile telēfonte | wilte telēfonte | I will call | ||
Passive | Present | seistelēfone | seistelēfones | seistelēfonet | telēfonien | telēfoniest | telēfonient | I am called | |
Simple Past | seistelēfon | seistelēfons | seistelēfont | seistelēfontien | seistelēfontiest | seistelēfontient | I was called | ||
Imperfect | wir seistelēfone | wirs seistelēfones | wirt seistelēfonet | wiren seistelēfonien | wiren seistelēfoniest | wiren seistelēfonient | I was being called | ||
Future | wil seistelēfonte | wil seistelēfonte | wilt seistelēfonte | wile seistelēfonte | wile seistelēfonte | wilte seistelēfonte | I will be called | ||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase telēfon | hast telēfons | hast telēfont | hase telēfontien | has telēfontiest | has telēfontient | I have called | |
Pluperfect | hatet telēfon | hate telēfons | hatet telēfont | hater telēfontien | hates telēfontiest | hater telēfontient | I had called | ||
Future | wil hase telēfonte | wil hast telēfontes | wilt hast telēfontet | wile hase telēfonten | wile has telēfontest | wilte has telēfontent | I will have called | ||
Passive | Present | hase seistelēfon | hast seistelēfons | hast seistelēfont | hase seistelēfontien | has seistelēfontiest | has seistelēfontient | I have been called | |
Pluperfect | hatet seistelēfon | hate seistelēfons | hatet seistelēfont | hater seistelēfontien | hates seistelēfontiest | hater seistelēfontient | I had been called | ||
Future | wil hase seistelēfonte | wil hast seistelēfontes | wilt hast seistelēfontet | wile hase seistelēfonten | wile has seistelēfontest | wilte has seistelēfontent | I will have been called | ||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | telēfonieo | telēfonieos | telēfonieot | telēfonieon | telēfonieost | telēfonieont | I am calling | |
Past Continuous | wir telēfontieo | wirs telēfontieos | wirt telēfontieot | wiren telēfontieon | wiren telēfontieost | wiren telēfontieont | I was calling | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirtelēfontieo | hast wirtelēfontieos | hast wirtelēfontieot | hase wirtelēfontieon | has wirtelēfontieost | has wirtelēfontieont | I have been calling | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirtelēfontieo | hate wirtelēfontieos | hatet wirtelēfontieot | hater wirtelēfontieon | hates wirtelēfontieost | hater wirtelēfontieont | I had been calling | ||
Future Continuous | wil seitelēfonteo | wil seitelēfonteo | wilt seitelēfonteo | wile seitelēfonteo | wile seitelēfonteo | wilte seitelēfonteo | I will be calling | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirtelēfonteo | wil hast wirtelēfonteos | wilt hast wirtelēfonteot | wile hase wirtelēfonteon | wile has wirtelēfonteost | wilte has wirtelēfonteont | I will have been calling | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | seistelēfonieo | telēfonieos | seistelēfonieot | seistelēfonieon | seistelēfonieost | seistelēfonieont | I am being called | |
Past Continuous | wir seistelēfontieo | wirs seistelēfontieos | wirt seistelēfontieot | wiren seistelēfontieon | wiren seistelēfontieost | wiren seistelēfontieont | I was being called | ||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold telēfone | wold telēfones | wolt telēfonet | wolde telēfonien | wolde telēfoniest | wolte telēfonient | I would call | |
Perfect | wold hase telēfon | wold hast telēfons | wolt hast telēfont | wolde hase telēfontient | wolde has telēfontiest | wolte has telēfontient | I would have called | ||
Present Continuous | wold seitelēfoneo | wold seitelēfoneos | wolt seitelēfoneot | wolde seitelēfoneon | wolde seitelēfoneost | wolte seitelēfoneont | I would be calling | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirtelēfonteo | wold hast wirtelēfonteos | wolt hast wirtelēfonteot | wolde hase wirtelēfonteon | wolde has wirtelēfonteost | wolte has wirtelēfonteont | I would have been calling | ||
Passive | Present | wold seistelēfone | wold seistelēfones | wolt seistelēfonet | wolde seistelēfonien | wolde seistelēfoniest | wolte seistelēfonient | I would be called | |
Perfect | wold hase seistelēfon | wold hast seistelēfons | wolt hast seistelēfont | wolde hase seistelēfontient | wolde has seistelēfontiest | wolte has seistelēfontient | I would have been called | ||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | telēfōnt | telēfōnt | (You) call! | |||||
Future | telēfūnt | telēfūnt | (You) will call! | ||||||
Passive | Present | seistelēfōnt | seistelēfōnt | (You) be call! | |||||
Future | seistelēfūnt | seistelēfūnt | (You) will be call! | ||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | telefonier | seistelefonier | To Call, To Be Called | ||||||
Participle | telefonde | telefonte | telefonne | seistelefonde | seistelefonte | seistelefonne | Calling, Called Will Call, Being Called, Was Called, Will Be Called |
Model Irregular: Lebrei
Lebrei, “To Live” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | lebra | lebraz | lebrad | lebrem | lebreze | lebreme | I live | |
Simple Past | lebreti | lebretiz | lebretid | lebretim | lebretize | lebretime | I lived | ||
Imperfect | wir lebra | wirs lebraz | wirt lebrad | wiren lebrem | wiren lebreze | wiren lebreme | I was living | ||
Future | wil lebro | wil lebro | wilt lebro | wile lebro | wile lebro | wilte lebro | I will live | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Simple Past | |||||||||
Imperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase lebreti | hast lebretiz | hast lebretid | hase lebretim | has lebretize | has lebretime | I have lived | |
Pluperfect | hatet lebreti | hate lebretiz | hatet lebretid | hater lebretim | hates lebretize | hater lebretime | I had lived | ||
Future | wil hase lebro | wil hast lebroz | wilt hast lebrod | wile hase lebrom | wile has lebroze | wilte has lebrome | I will have lived | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Pluperfect | |||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | lebrai | lebraiz | lebraid | lebraim | lebraize | lebraime | I am living | |
Past Continuous | wir lebrai | wirs lebraiz | wirt lebraid | wiren lebraim | wiren lebraize | wiren lebraime | I was living | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirlebraite | hast wirlebraitez | hast wirlebraited | hase wirlebraitem | has wirlebraiteze | has wirlebraiteme | I have been living | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirlebraite | hate wirlebraitez | hatet wirlebraited | hater wirlebraitem | hates wirlebraiteze | hater wirlebraiteme | I had been living | ||
Future Continuous | wil seilebrai | wil seilebraiz | wilt seilebraid | wile seilebraim | wile seilebraize | wilte seilebraime | I will be living | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirlebraite | wil hast wirlebraitez | wilt hast wirlebraited | wile hase wirlebraitem | wile has wirlebraiteze | wilte has wirlebraiteme | I will have been living | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | ||||||||
Past Continuous | |||||||||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold lebra | wold lebraz | wolt lebrad | wolde lebrem | wolde lebreze | wolte lebreme | I would live | |
Perfect | wold hase lebreti | wold hast lebretiz | wolt hast lebretid | wolde hase lebretim | wolde has lebretize | wolte has lebretime | I would have lived | ||
Present Continuous | wold seilebrai | wold seilebraiz | wolt seilebraid | wolde seilebraim | wolde seilebraize | wolte seilebraime | I would be living | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirlebraite | wold hast wirlebraitez | wolt hast wirlebraited | wolde hase wirlebraitem | wolde has wirlebraiteze | wolte has wirlebraiteme | I would have been living | ||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Perfect | |||||||||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | lebrē | lebrē | (You) live! | |||||
Future | lebrū | lebrū | (You) will live! | ||||||
Passive | Present | ||||||||
Future | |||||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | Lebrei | To Live | |||||||
Participle | lebedi | lebeti | lebeni | Living, Lived, Will Live |
Fahrei, “To Drive, To Act” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | fahra | fahraz | fahrad | fahrem | fahreze | fahreme | I drive | |
Simple Past | fahreti | fahretiz | fahretid | fahretim | fahretize | fahretime | I drove | ||
Imperfect | wir fahra | wirs fahraz | wirt fahrad | wiren fahrem | wiren fahreze | wiren fahreme | I was driving | ||
Future | wil fahro | wil fahro | wilt fahro | wile fahro | wile fahro | wilte fahro | I will drive | ||
Passive | Present | seisfahra | seisfahraz | seisfahrad | seisfahrem | seisfahreze | seisfahreme | I am driven | |
Simple Past | seisfahreti | seisfahretiz | seisfahretid | seisfahretim | seisfahretize | seisfahretime | I was driven | ||
Imperfect | wir seisfahra | wirs seisfahraz | wirt seisfahrad | wiren seisfahrem | wiren seisfahreze | wiren seisfahreme | I was being driven | ||
Future | wil seisfahro | wil seisfahro | wilt seisfahro | wile seisfahro | wile seisfahro | wilte seisfahro | I will be driven | ||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase fahreti | hast fahretiz | hast fahretid | hase fahretim | has fahretize | has fahretime | I have driven | |
Pluperfect | hatet fahreti | hate fahretiz | hatet fahretid | hater fahretim | hates fahretize | hater fahretime | I had driven | ||
Future | wil hase fahro | wil hast fahroz | wilt hast fahrod | wile hase fahrom | wile has fahroze | wilte has fahrome | I will have driven | ||
Passive | Present | hase seisfahreti | hast seisfahretiz | hast seisfahretid | hase seisfahretim | has seisfahretize | has seisfahretime | I have been driven | |
Pluperfect | hatet seisfahreti | hate seisfahretiz | hatet seisfahretid | hater seisfahretim | hates seisfahretize | hater seisfahretime | I had been driven | ||
Future | wil hase seisfahro | wil hast seisfahroz | wilt hast seisfahrod | wile hase seisfahrom | wile has seisfahroze | wilte has seisfahrome | I will have been driven | ||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | fahrai | fahraiz | fahraid | fahraim | fahraize | fahraime | I am driving | |
Past Continuous | wir fahrai | wirs fahraiz | wirt fahraid | wiren fahraim | wiren fahraize | wiren fahraime | I was driving | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirfahraite | hast wirfahraitez | hast wirfahraited | hase wirfahraitem | has wirfahraiteze | has wirfahraiteme | I have been driving | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirfahraite | hate wirfahraitez | hatet wirfahraited | hater wirfahraitem | hates wirfahraiteze | hater wirfahraiteme | I had been driving | ||
Future Continuous | wil seifahrai | wil seifahraiz | wilt seifahraid | wile seifahraim | wile seifahraize | wilte seifahraime | I will be driving | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirfahraite | wil hast wirfahraitez | wilt hast wirfahraited | wile hase wirfahraitem | wile has wirfahraiteze | wilte has wirfahraiteme | I will have been driving | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | seisfahrai | seisfahraiz | seisfahraid | seisfahraim | seisfahraize | seisfahraime | I am being driven | |
Past Continuous | wir seisfahrai | wirs seisfahraiz | wirt seisfahraid | wiren seisfahraim | wiren seisfahraize | wiren seisfahraime | I was being driven | ||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold fahra | wold fahraz | wolt fahrad | wolde fahrem | wolde fahreze | wolte fahreme | I would drive | |
Perfect | wold hase fahreti | wold hast fahretiz | wolt hast fahretid | wolde hase fahretim | wolde has fahretize | wolte has fahretime | I would have driven | ||
Present Continuous | wold seifahrai | wold seifahraiz | wolt seifahraid | wolde seifahraim | wolde seifahraize | wolte seifahraime | I would be driving | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirfahraite | wold hast wirfahraitez | wolt hast wirfahraited | wolde hase wirfahraitem | wolde has wirfahraiteze | wolte has wirfahraiteme | I would have been driving | ||
Passive | Present | wold seisfahra | wold seisfahraz | wolt seisfahrad | wolde seisfahrem | wolde seisfahreze | wolte seisfahreme | I would be | |
Perfect | wold hase seisfahreti | wold hast seisfahretiz | wolt hast seisfahretid | wolde hase seisfahretim | wolde has seisfahretize | wolte has seisfahretime | I would have been driven | ||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | fahrē | fahrē | (You) drive! | |||||
Future | fahrū | fahrū | (You) will drive! | ||||||
Passive | Present | seisfahrē | seisfahrē | (You) be driven! | |||||
Future | seisfahrū | seisfahrū | (You) will be driven! | ||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | fahrei | seisfahrei | To Drive, To Be Driven | ||||||
Participle | fahedi | faheti | faheni | seisfahedi | seisfaheti | seisfaheni | Driving, Driven, Will Drive, Being Driven, Was Driven, Will Be Driven |
Model Irregular: Makir
Makir, “To Make, To Do” | ||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
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First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | make | makes | maket | makin | makist | makint | I do |
Simple Past | makte | maktes | maktet | maktin | maktist | maktint | I did | |
Imperfect | wir make | wirs makes | wirt maket | wiren makin | wiren makist | wiren makint | I was doing | |
Future | wil make | wil make | wilt make | wile maki | wile maki | wilte maki | I will do | |
Passive | Present | seismake | seismakes | seismaket | seismakin | seismakist | seismakint | I am done |
Simple Past | seismakte | seismaktes | seismaktet | seismaktin | seismaktist | seismaktint | I was done | |
Imperfect | wir seismake | wirs seismakes | wirt seismaket | wiren seismakin | wiren seismakist | wiren seismakint | I was being done | |
Future | wil seismake | wil seismake | wilt seismake | wile seismaki | wile seismaki | wilte seismaki | I will be done | |
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | hase makte | hast maktes | hast maktet | hase maktin | has maktist | has maktint | I have done |
Pluperfect | hatet makte | hate maktes | hatet maktet | hater maktin | hates maktist | hater maktint | I had done | |
Future | wil hase makte | wil hast maktes | wilt hast maktet | wile hase maktin | wile has maktist | wilte has maktint | I will have done | |
Passive | Present | hase seismakte | hast seismaktes | hast seismaktet | hase seismaktin | has seismaktist | has seismaktint | I have been done |
Pluperfect | hatet seismakte | hate seismaktes | hatet seismaktet | hater seismaktin | hates seismaktist | hater seismaktint | I had been done | |
Future | wil hase seismakte | wil hast seismaktes | wilt hast seismaktet | wile hase seismaktin | wile has seismaktist | wilte has seismaktint | I will have been done | |
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present Continuous | makeo | makeos | makeot | makian | makiast | makiant | I am doing |
Past Continuous | wir makeo | wirs makeos | wirt makeot | wiren makian | wiren makiast | wiren makiant | I was doing | |
Present Perfect | hase wirmakteo | hast wirmakteo | hast wirmakteot | hase wirmaktian | has wirmaktiast | has wirmaktiant | I have been doing | |
Past Perfect | hatet wirmakteo | hate wirmakteos | hatet wirmakteot | hater wirmaktian | hates wirmaktiast | hater wirmaktiant | I had been doing | |
Future Continuous | wil seimakeo | wil seimakeos | wilt seimakeot | wile seimakian | wile seimakiast | wilte seimakiant | I will be doing | |
Future Perfect | wil hase wirmakteo | wil hast wirmakteo | wilt hast wirmakteot | wile hase wirmaktian | wile has wirmaktiast | wilte has wirkmaktiant | I will have been doing | |
Passive | Present Continuous | seismakeo | seismakeos | seismakeot | seismakian | seismakiast | seismakiant | I am being done |
Past Continuous | wir seismakeo | wirs seismakeos | wirt seismakeot | wiren seismakian | wiren seismakiast | wiren seismakiant | I was being done | |
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | wold make | wold makes | wolt maket | wolde makin | wolde makist | wolte makint | I would do |
Perfect | wold hase makte | wold hast maktes | wolt hast maktet | wolde hase maktin | wolde has maktist | wolte has maktint | I would have done | |
Present Continuous | wold seimakeo | wold seimakeos | wolt seimakeot | wolde seimakian | wolde seimakiast | wolte seimakiant | I would be doing | |
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirmakteo | wold hast wirmakteos | wolt hast wirmakteot | wolde hase wirmaktian | wolde has wirmaktiast | wolte has wirmaktiant | I would have been doing | |
Passive | Present | wold seismake | wold seismakes | wolt seismaket | wolde seismakin | wolde seismakist | wolte seismakint | I would be done |
Perfect | wold hase seismakte | wold hast seismaktes | wolt hast seismaktet | wolde hase seismaktin | wolde has seismaktist | wolte has seismaktint | I would have been done | |
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | |||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | |||
Active | Present | makī | makē | (You) do! | ||||
Future | makū | makū | (You) will do! | |||||
Passive | Present | seismakī | seismakē | (You) be done! | ||||
Future | seismakū | seismakū | (You) will be done! | |||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | |||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | |||
Infinitive | makir | seismakir | To Make/Do, To Be Made/Done | |||||
Participle | makde | makte | makne | seismakde | seismakte | seismakne | Doing, Done, Will Do, Being Done, Was Done, Will Be Done |
Freir, “To Free” | |||||||||
Indicative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | free | frees | freet | frein | freist | freint | I free | |
Simple Past | frete | fretes | fretet | fretin | fretist | fretint | I freed | ||
Imperfect | wir free | wirs frees | wirt freet | wiren frein | wiren freist | wiren freint | I was freeing | ||
Future | wil free | wil free | wilt free | wile frei | wile frei | wilte frei | I will free | ||
Passive | Present | seisfree | seisfrees | seisfreet | seisfrein | seisfreist | seisfreint | I am freed | |
Simple Past | seisfrete | seisfretes | seisfretet | seisfretin | seisfretist | seisfretint | I was freed | ||
Imperfect | wir seisfree | wirs seisfrees | wirt seisfreet | wiren seisfrein | wiren seisfreist | wiren seisfreint | I was being freed | ||
Future | wil seisfree | wil seisfree | wilt seisfree | wile seisfrei | wile seisfrei | wilte seisfrei | I will be freed | ||
Perfect | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | hase frete | hast fretes | hast fretet | hase fretin | has fretist | has fretint | I have freed | |
Pluperfect | hatet frete | hate fretes | hatet fretet | hater fretin | hates fretist | hater fretint | I had freed | ||
Future | wil hase frete | wil hast fretes | wilt hast fretet | wile hase fretin | wile has fretist | wilte has fretint | I will have freed | ||
Passive | Present | hase seisfrete | hast seisfretes | hast seisfretet | hase seisfretin | has seisfretist | has seisfretint | I have been freed | |
Pluperfect | hatet seisfrete | hate seisfretes | hatet seisfretet | hater seisfretin | hates seisfretist | hater seisfretint | I had been freed | ||
Future | wil hase seisfrete | wil hast seisfretes | wilt hast seisfretet | wile hase seisfretin | wile has seisfretist | wilte has seisfretint | I will have been freed | ||
Continuous | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present Continuous | freeo | freeos | freeot | freian | freiast | freiant | I am freeing | |
Past Continuous | wir freeo | wirs freeos | wirt freeot | wiren freian | wiren freiast | wiren freiant | I was freeing | ||
Present Perfect | hase wirfreteo | hast wirfreteos | hast wirfreteot | hase wirfretian | has wirfretiast | has wirfretiant | I have been freeing | ||
Past Perfect | hatet wirfreteo | hate wirfreteos | hatet wirfreteot | hater wirfretian | hates wirfretiast | hater wirfretiant | I had been freeing | ||
Future Continuous | wil seifreeo | wil seifreeos | wilt seifreeot | wile seifreian | wile seifreiast | wilte seifreiant | I will be freeing | ||
Future Perfect | wil hase wirfreteo | wil hast wirfreteos | wilt hast wirfreteot | wile hase wirfretian | wile has wirfretiast | wilte has wirfretiant | I will have been freeing | ||
Passive | Present Continuous | seisfreeo | seisfreeos | seisfreeot | seisfreian | seisfreiast | seisfreiant | I am being freed | |
Past Continuous | wir seisfreeo | wirs seisfreeos | wirt seisfreeot | wiren seisfreian | wiren seisfreiast | wiren seisfreiant | I was being freed | ||
Conditional | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | wold free | wold frees | wolt freet | wolde frein | wolde freist | wolte freint | I would free | |
Perfect | wold hase frete | wold hast fretes | wolt hast fretet | wolde hase fretin | wolde has fretist | wolte has fretint | I would have freed | ||
Present Continuous | wold seifreeo | wold seifreeos | wolt seifreeot | wolde seifreian | wolde seifreiast | wolte seifreiant | I would be freeing | ||
Perfect Continuous | wold hase wirfreteo | wold hast wirfreteos | wolt hast wirfreteot | wolde hase wirfretian | wolde has wirfretiast | wolte has wirfretiant | I would have been freeing | ||
Passive | Present | wold seisfree | wold seisfrees | wolt seisfreet | wolde seisfrein | wolde seisfreist | wolte seisfreint | I would be freed | |
Perfect | wold hase seisfrete | wold hast seisfretes | wolt hast seisfretet | wolde hase seisfretin | wolde has seisfretist | wolte has seisfretint | I would have been freed | ||
Imperative | Singular | Plural | Translation | ||||||
First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||||
Active | Present | freī | freē | (You) free! | |||||
Future | freū | freū | (You) will free! | ||||||
Passive | Present | seisfreī | seisfreē | (You) be freed! | |||||
Future | freū | seisfreū | (You) will be freed! | ||||||
Non-finite Forms | Active | Passive | Translation | ||||||
Present | Past | Future | Present | Past | Future | ||||
Infinitive | freir | seisfreir | To Free, To Be Freed | ||||||
Participle | frede | frete | frene | seisfrede | seisfrete | seisfrene | Freeing, Freed, Will Free, Being Freed, Was Freed, Will Be Freed |
Affixes
Affixes are things that are added to the front and back of a word. Prefixes are pieces added in the front, while suffixes are added to the back.
Prefixes
Prefixes with “*” mean it cannot be separated from the word category it is applied to. If it can be detached, the prefix must be in front of the word it affects, if there is one.
Prefix | Translation | Used In | Example | Translation | Literal Translation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Var | Re- | Verbs* | Varmakir | To Redo/Remake | To Do Again/Make Again |
Eint | Un- | Verbs* | Eintmakir | To Undo/Unmake | To Revert |
Ons | Un- (Not) | Adjectives* | Onsfartiabile | Unrunable | Not Able To Run |
Anti | Anti- (Against) | Adjectives* | Antikrēg | Antiwar | Against War |
Intre | Inter- | Nouns* | Intrenational | International | Among Nations |
Intra | Intra- | Nouns* | Intrastāt | Intrastate | Within States |
Ver | Before, In Front Of | Nouns* | Verstase | Before the City | In Front Of The City |
Ab | Away From, By | Prepositions*, Nouns, Verbs* | Abhaß | Away From The House | Away From The House |
A | Away From, By | Prepositions*, Nouns, Verbs* | Afartir | To Run Away From | Run Away From |
Zū | To, To __ To | Prepositions, Nouns, Verbs* | Zūkomtantir | To Apply To | To Come To |
Zūt | Toward (Ward) | Prepositions*, Nouns | Zūtnord | Northward | Northward |
An | On- | Prepositions*, Nouns | Anzūt | Onward | Onward |
Īn | In- | Propositions*, Nouns | Īnzūl | Into | Into |
Ontūr** | Under | Nouns* | Ontūrwasser | Underwater | Underwater |
Obūr | Above, Over | Nouns | Obūrlund | Overland | Overland |
**Ontūr is purely a prefix, for the separated form, it is Undūr.
Suffixes
Some suffixes could be used together in a sequence, and they have their own table.
Suffix | Translation | Used In | Example | Translation | Literal Translation |
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Abile | -Able | Adjectives | Hilnabile | Helpable | Helpable |
Bār | -Ful | Adjectives | Hilnbār | Helpful | Helpful |
Hāf | -Ful | Adjectives | Fïatchāf | Faithful | Faithful |
Frē | -Free | Adjectives | Fïatchfrē | Faithfree | Without faith |
Ier | -Er | Agent Nouns | Hilnier | Helper | Helper |
Iērin | -Er | Agent Nouns, Occupation Suffixes | Fïatchiērin | Believer | Believer |
Ist(in) | -Ist | Agent Nouns, Occupation Suffixes | Gitarrist(in) | Guitarist | Guitarist |
Keiß | -Ness | Adjectives | Gutekeiß | Goodness | Goodness |
And | -Ing (Noun) | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnand | Helping | Helping |
Tand | -Ing (Noun) | Adjectives, Adverbs | Fartitand | Running | Running |
Tig | -Ly, -Y | Adjectives, Adverbs | Lrābitig | Lively | Lively |
Ig | -Ly, -Y | Adjectives, Adverbs | Klindig | Childly | Childly |
Ern** | -Er | Adjectives | Gutērn | Better | Better |
Īn** | -Est | Adjectives | Gutīn | Best | Best |
Esk | -like, -esque | Nouns | Jumanschesk | Humanlike | Humanlike |
Liche | Denotes Country Origin | Nouns | Diutcheliche | Diutcheliche | Diutcheliche |
Ite | -Ite | Nouns | Nekoilite | Nekoilite | Nekoilite |
Iche | Origin of, Not Country | Nouns | Svabiche | Svabiche | Svabiche |
Schaft | -Hood, -ity, -ship | Nouns | Klindschaft | Childhood | Childhood |
Tiet | -Ed | Adjectives | Tālenttiet | Talented | Talented |
Suffix | Translate | Used in | Example | Translation | Literal Translation |
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Bārtig | -Fully | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnbārtig | Helpfully | Helpfully |
Bārtigern | -Fullier | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnbārtigern | Helpfullier | Helpfullier |
Bārtigīn | -Fulliest | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnbārtigīn | Helpfulliest | Helpfulliest |
Hāfig | -Fully | Adjectives, Adverbs | Fïatchāfig | Faithfully | Faithfully |
Hāfigern | -Fullier | Adjectives, Adverbs | Fïatchāfigern | Faithfullier | Faithfullier |
Hāfigīn | -Fullier | Adjectives, Adverbs | Fïatchāfigīn | Faithfulliest | Faithfulliest |
Andig | -Ingly | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnandig | Helpingly | Helpingly |
Andigern | -Inglier | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnandigern | Helpinglier | Helpinglier |
Andigīn | -Ingliest | Adjectives, Adverbs | Hilnandigīn | Helpingliest | Helpingliest |
**If the adjective ends with an “e”, it becomes “ē”. The “ī” replaces any vowel.
Agent Nouns and Occupation Suffixes
Agent Nouns are nouns that denotes an actor that performs the action denoted by the verb from which the noun is derived, while Occupation Suffixes are the “demonym” of a job, or an activity one partakes in, such as “politician”.
In Diutchelies, there are two general types of Agent Nouns suffixes and Occupation suffixes, -ier and -ist; both having a feminine form, -iērin and -istin; and a less used neuter form, -iōr and -ōst. After having the proper ending, regular noun declensions will be applied. The suffixes may replace the vowel if there is a consonant immediately preceding it, add a letter (and take on that consonant’s declension), or just regular attach. The irregulars are as -eur(eūrin) Gobverneur (Governor), or -er(ērin, ōr) in Minister. In cases like Gobverneur, it does not have a neuter declension.
There is a generally expected pattern to when -ier and -ist, and it depends on the letter before the suffix.
Letter | Declension | Example Base Word | Declined | Letter | Declension | Example Base Word | Declined |
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A, Ā | -ist | O, Ō | -ist | ||||
Æ | -ist | P | -ier | ||||
B | -ier, -ist | Glayber | Glaybier | Q | -ier, -ist | ||
C | -ist | R | -ist | Gitarr | Gitarrist | ||
D | -ier, -ist | Auslund | Auslundier | Re, Ra, Ro | -ist | ||
E, Ē | -ist | Lūster, Lūste | Lūsteist | Ri, Ru | -ist, -ier | ||
F | -ier | Hōffer, Hōff | Hōffier | S | -ier | Haser | Hasier |
G | -ier | Berg | Bergier | ẞ | -ier | ||
H | -ier | Fïatcher, Fïatch | Fïatchier | T | -ier | Draltir, Dralt | Draltier |
I, Ī, Ï | -ist | Sprachēir, Sprachēi | Sprachēist | U, Ū | -ier | ||
J | -ier | V | -ier | ||||
K | -ier | Denkir | Denkier | W | -ist | ||
L | -ier | X | -ier | Rux | Ruxier | ||
M | -ist | Y | -ier | ||||
N | -ier, -ist | Hilner, Hiln | Hilnier | Z | -ist | Kurze | Kurzist |
Prepositions
Adjectives and Adverbs
Gender
Here is a list of what each gender is designated with. There are exceptions and word groups that do not belong to any.
Feminine | Masculine | Neuter |
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Alphabet
A, a | Ā, ā | B, b | C, c | D, d | E, e |
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/aː/ | /aːaː/ | /beː/ | /t͡seː/ | /deː/ | /eː/ |
Ē, ē | F, f | G, g | H, h | I, i | Ī, ī |
/eeː/ | /ɛf/ | /ɡeː/ | /haː/ | /iː/ | /iiː/ |
Ï, ï | J, j | K, k | L, l | M, m | N, n |
/iː iː/ | /jeː/ | /kaː/ | /ɛl/ | /ɛm/ | /ɛn/ |
O, o | Ō, ō | P, p | Q, q | R, r | S, s |
/oː/ | /oːoː/ | /peː/ | /kuː/ | /ɛʁ/ | /ɛs/ |
ß | T, t | U, u | Ū, ū | V, v | W, w |
/ɛsˈt͡sɛt/ | /teː/ | /uː/ | /uuː/ | /faʊ̯/ | /veː/ |
X, x | Y, y | Z, z | |||
/ɪks/ | /ˈʏpsilɔn/ | /t͡sɛt/ |
Dictionary
Word | Classification | Type | Translation |
---|---|---|---|
1, Ens | Noun, Pronoun | Masculine | One |
1st, Enste | Noun | Masculine | First |
2, Zwē | Noun | Masculine | Two |
2st, Zwēste | Noun | Masculine | Second |
3, Drē | Noun | Masculine | Three |
3st, Drēste | Noun | Masculine | Third |
4, Viē | Noun | Masculine | Four |
4st, Viēste | Noun | Masculine | Fourth |
5, Fūr | Noun, Preposition | Masculine | Five, For, Fur |
5se, Fīese | Noun | Masculine | Fifth |
6, Sex | Noun | Masculine | Six, Sex (Biological) |
6se, Sīese | Noun | Masculine | Sixth |
7, Siēb | Noun | Masculine | Seven |
7rb, Siērb | Noun | Masculine | Seventh |
8, Acht | Noun | Masculine | Eight |
8ur, Achtur | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Eighth, Danger |
9, Nūn | Noun | Masculine | Nine |
9th, Nūnth | Noun | Masculine | Ninth |
10, Zēn | Noun | Masculine | Ten |
10th, Zēnth | Noun | Masculine | Tenth |
100, (Ens) Hunter | Noun | Masculine | Hundred |
100th, (Ens) Hunterth | Noun | Masculine | Hundredth |
1000, (Ens) Tauser | Noun | Masculine | Thousand |
1000th, (Ens) Tauserth | Noun | Masculine | Thousandth |
Arbe | Noun | Feminine | Tree |
Āß | Conjunction | None | As |
Agabe | Noun | Neuter | Issue, Edition |
Alle | Adjective, Pronoun | None | All |
Berg | Noun | Feminine | Mountain |
Bergier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Mountaineer |
Blud | Noun | Neuter | Blood |
Bludig, Bludigern, Bludigīn | Adjective, Adverb | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Bloody, Bloodier, Bloodiest |
Bluße, Blußērn, Blußīn | Noun, Adjective | Feminine | Blue |
Bukston | Noun | Masculine | Letter |
Burg | Noun | Neuter | Castle, Fort, Fortress, City |
Burgier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | City Resident |
Bringir | Verb | Regular | To Bring |
Caybe | Noun | Masculine | Thought, Idea |
Dæß | Conjunction | None | That |
Dānß | Conjunction, Comparative | None | Than |
Date | Noun | Feminine | Date |
Dēnß | Adverb | None | Then |
Diūse | Noun | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Deity |
Dralt | Noun | Feminine | Drawing, Art |
Draltir | Verb | Regular | To Draw |
Draltier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Drawer |
Decke | Noun | Neuter | Deck |
Denkir | Verb | Regular | To Think |
Denkier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Thinker |
End | Conjunction | None | And |
Einder | Verb | Regular | To End, To Expire |
Eind | Noun | Masculine | End |
Eindand | Noun | Feminine | Ending |
Eindig | Noun | Masculine | Expiry |
Erte | Noun | Feminine | Earth |
Ethnik | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Ethnic |
Ethnischaft | Noun | Feminine | Ethnicity |
Familie | Noun | Feminine | Family |
Fāhgeī | Noun | Neuter | Ability |
Fahrei | Verb | Irregular | To Drive, To Act |
Faller | Verb | Regular | To Fall |
Falle | Noun | Neuter | Fall |
Feria | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Iron |
Fïatch | Noun | Masculine | Faith |
Fïatcher | Verb | Regular | To Have Faith, To Believe |
Fïatchier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Believer |
Freī, Freīr, Freīn | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Free, Freer, Freest |
Freītig | Adverb | None | Freely |
Freir | Verb | Irregular [4] | To Free |
Fran | Noun | Feminine | Woman |
Feckir | Verb | Regular | To Fuck |
Feckir Aup | Verb | Regular | To Fuck Up |
Feck | Noun | Feminine | Fuck |
Fecktiet | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Fucked |
Fecktiet Aup | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Fucked Up |
Gewlēnīer | Verb | Regular | To Gain |
Gebarer | Verb | Regular | To Birth |
Gebarthe | Noun | Feminine | Birth |
Genße | Noun | Neuter | Gender |
Glayber | Verb | Regular | To Think, To Believe |
Glēch | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Same |
Gobvernir | Verb | Regular | To Govern, To Rule |
Gobverneur | Noun | Masculine | Governor |
Gobverneūrin | Noun | Feminine | Governor |
Gott | Noun | Masculine | God, Yahweh |
Gottschūß | Interjection | None | Goodbye |
Graß | Noun | Feminine | Grass |
Grōß, Grōßern, Grōßīn | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Great, Grand, Greater, Grander, Greatest, Grandest |
Grose, Grosērn, Grosīn | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Tall, Taller, Tallest |
Grup | Noun | Neuter | Group |
Gute, Gutērn, Gutīn | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Good, Better, Best |
Gutē Mogte | Interjection | None | Good Morning |
Gutē Tāgte | Interjection | None | Good day/Hello |
Haß | Noun | Neuter | House |
Haser | Helping Verb, Verb | Irregular[5] | To Have |
Hiln | Noun | Feminine | Help |
Hilner | Verb | Regular | To Help |
Hilnand | Adjective | None | Helping |
Hilnandig, Hilnandigern, Hilnandigīn | Adverb | None | Helpingly, More Helpingly, Most Helpingly |
Hilnbār | Adjective | None | Helpful |
Hilnbārtig, Hilnbārtigern, Hilnbārtigīn | Adverb | None | Helpfully, More Helpfully, Most Helpfully |
Hilnier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Helper |
Hōff | Noun | Neuter | Hope |
Hōffer | Helping Verb, Verb | Regular | To Hope |
Hōffier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Hoper |
Hōrtir | Verb | Regular | To Hear |
Hunda | Noun | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Dog |
Idīch | Noun | Neuter | Idea, Opinion |
Idīchier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Thinker |
Immir | Adverb | None | Ever |
Īn | Preposition | None | In |
Infrær | Adjective, Comparason | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Inferior |
Inital | Noun | Nueter | Initial |
Īntrenationer | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | International |
Īnzūl | Preposition | None | Into |
Itehr | Article | None | Any |
Jang | Noun | Masculine | Boy |
Jangilß | Noun | Neurer | Juvenile |
Jā | Particle | None | Yes |
Jëd | Adjective | None | Each, Every |
Jumaßki | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Humane |
Jumansch | Noun | Neuter | Human |
Kāntre | Verb | Irregular[6] | Can, To Be Able To |
Karte | Noun | Feminine | Card, Ticket |
Kārteo | Noun | Feminine | Cardboard |
Karze | Noun | Masculine | Map |
Karzier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Mapper, Cartographer |
Kennar | Verb | Irregular[7] | To Know |
Kennti | Noun | Feminine | Knowledge |
Klind | Noun | Neuter | Child |
Kēnīg | Noun | Feminine | Queen |
Kōenig | Noun | Masculine | King |
Kōenigrejik | Noun | Neuter | Kingdom |
Kontluch | Noun | Neuter | Conclusion |
Komtanir | Verb | Regular | To Come |
Kurze | Noun | Masculine | Art, Painting |
Kurzist | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Artist |
Krēg | Noun | Feminine | War |
Laß | Noun | Feminine | Girl |
Lak | Noun | Neuter | Lake |
Lebrei | Verb | Irregular[8] | To Live |
Lēben | Noun | Feminine | Love |
Lēbier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Lover |
Lēbir | Verb | Regular | To Love |
Lund | Noun | Neuter | Land, State |
Lrābi | Noun | Feminine | Life |
Lūste | Noun | Neuter | Desire, Lust, Love |
Lūster | Verb | Regular | To Desire, To Lust |
Mann, Menn | Noun | Irregular Masculine | Man |
Maneib | Noun, Adjective | Masculine | Male, Masculine |
Mānde | Adjective | None | Some |
Mettal, Mette | Noun, Adjective | Irregular Neuter | Metal |
Mis | Preposition | None | With |
Minīstrie | Noun | Neuter | Ministry |
Minister | Noun | Masculine | Minister |
Ministērin | Noun | Feminine | Minister |
Maleir | Verb | Regular | To Paint |
Mobile | Noun | Feminine | Phone, Smartphone |
Moge | Noun | Feminine | Favorite, Like |
Morgt | Noun, Adjective | Masculine | Morning |
Mēl, Mohr, Mōste | Adverb, Determiner | None | Much, A Lot, More, Most |
Māl, Mars, Māhs | Adverb, Determiner | None | Little, Less, Lesser, Least |
Name | Noun | Neuter | Name |
Nation | Noun | Feminine | Nation |
Nationer | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | National |
Nationschaft | Noun | Feminine | Nationality |
Nāchti | Noun | Feminine | Night |
Nicht | Adverb | None | Not |
Nōßi | Noun | Feminine | Noun |
Nume | Noun | Masculine | Number |
Ozēn | Noun | Neuter | Ocean |
Posche | Noun | Feminine | Mail, Letter |
Poschter | Verb | Regular | To Mail |
Premierminister | Noun | Masculine | Prime Minister |
Premīerministērin | Noun | Feminine | Prime Minister |
Prinz | Noun | Masculine | Prince |
Prīnzeß | Noun | Feminine | Princess |
Provinze | Noun | Neuter | Province |
Ranēir | Verb | Regular | To Cry, To Rain |
Rāne | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Tear, Rain |
Rejik | Noun | Masculine | Empire |
Rejiker | Adjective | Neuter | Imperial |
Rejikstagge | Noun | Neuter | Parliament, Upperhouse |
Rejliker | Verb | Regular | To Rule |
Roß, Roßern, Roßīn | Noun, Adjective | Feminine | Red, Redder, Reddest |
Rōße | Noun | Feminine | Rose |
Rufer | Verb | Regular | To Call |
Schelt, Scheltern, Scheltīn | Noun | Neuter | Bad, Worse, Worst |
Schveīst | Noun | Feminine | Sister |
Schveīstig | Adverb | None | Sisterly |
Schveīstlund | Noun | Feminine | Sister State |
Scheißa | Noun | Neuter | Shit |
Seihar | Verb | Irregular[9] | To See |
Seihe | Noun | Neuter | Sight |
Seir | Verb | Irregular[10] | To Be |
Sprachēi | Noun | Neuter | Speech, Language |
Sprachēir | Verb | Regular | To Speak |
So | Conjunction | None | So |
Solier | Verb | Irregular | Shall, Should, To Ought To |
Sōnne | Noun | Feminine | Sun |
Stagge | Noun | Neuter | Diet |
Stase | Noun | Neuter | City |
Stēhl | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Steel |
Stāt | Noun | Neuter | State |
Stātschaft | Noun | Neuter | Citizenship |
Stāteur | Noun | Masculine | Citizen |
Stātēurin | Noun | Feminine | Citizen |
Sterbaner | Verb | Regular | To Die, To Kill |
Strangrelie | Noun | Feminine | Strangereal |
Skripta | Noun | Nueter | Script, Scripture |
Shrifte | Noun | Feminine | Font, Print |
Super | Irregular Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Super, Great |
Supershrifte | Noun | Feminine | Signature |
Superskripta | Noun | Neuter | Superscript |
Suprær | Adjective, Comparason | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Superior |
Tāgt | Noun | Masculine | Day |
Tālent | Noun | Neuter | Talent |
Telēfon | Noun | Feminine | Telephone, phone |
Telēfonier | Verb | Irregular | To call (by phone) |
Telēseihe | Noun | Feminine | Television |
Ting | Noun | Neuter | Thing |
Tōd | Noun | Masculine | Death |
Undūr | Preposition | None | Under, Below |
Varkomtantir | Verb | Regular | Return |
Volk | Noun | Neuter | People |
Von | Preposition | None | From, Of |
Vraīter | Verb | Regular | To Trust |
Vraïten | Noun | Neuter | Trust |
Veib | Noun, Adjective | Feminine | Female, Feminine |
Wālier | Verb | Irregular[11] | To Want |
Wasser, Waße | Noun | Irregular Feminine | Water |
Weīß | Noun, Adjective | Masculine | White |
Wēgine, Wēginērn, Wēginīn | Adjective | None | Few, Fewer, Fewest |
Wen | Conjunction | None | When |
Wō | Conjunction | None | Where |
Wils | Conjunction | None | While |
Wiler | Verb | Regular | To Will |
Wil | Helping Verb | Irregular[12] | Will |
Zink | Noun | Neuter | Zinc |
Zū | Preposition | None | To |
Zūkomtantir | Verb | Regular | To Join, To Apply To |
Brūde | Noun | Masculine | Brother |
Vade | Noun | Masculine | Father |
Mude | Noun | Feminine | Mother |
Sōn | Noun | Masculine | Son |
Schveiß | Noun | Feminine | Daughter |
Nīn | Particle | None | No |
Obūr | Proposition | None | Above, Over |
Ontūr | Prefix | None | Under, Below |
Seacher | Verb | Regular | Look, Search |
Gehsir | Verb | Irregular | To Go, To Walk |
Fartir | Verb | Regular | To Run |
Farti | Noun | Neuter | Run |
Lerner | Verb | Regular | To Learn |
Klintischte | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Sibling, |
Familtischte | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Relative |
Tischte | Noun | Neuter | Fellow |
Fransch | Noun | Feminine | Wife |
Mannsch | Noun | Masculine | Husband |
Intre | Prefix, Preposition | None | Inter, Between |
Intra | Prefix, Preposition | None | Intra, Within |
Intrenette | Noun | Feminine | Internet |
Nette | Noun | Feminine | Net, Internet, Spider Web, Web |
Wesbe | Noun | Masculine | Spider Web, Web |
Intrnetter | Verb | Regular | Surfing the Internet |
Netter | Verb | Regular | Netting, Surfing the Internet |
Wesber | Verb | Regular | Webbing, Surfing the Internet |
Schlafir | Verb | Regular | To Sleep |
Schlaf | Noun | Feminine | Sleep |
Makir | Verb | Irregular | To Make, To Do |
Varmakir | Verb | Irregular | To Remake, To Redo |
Var | Prefix | None | Re |
Eint | Prefix | None | Un (as in Undo) |
Eintmakir | Verb | Irregular | To Unmake, To Undo |
Ons | Prefix | None | Un (as in Untouchable) |
Sin | Preposition | None | Without |
Frē | Suffix | None | Without, Free of |
Abile | Suffix | None | Able |
An | Preposition | None | On |
Aus | Preposition | None | Off |
Auslundier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Foreigner |
Fartist | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Runner |
Poschtier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Mailer |
Ier | Suffix | None | Er (as in runner) |
Ist | Suffix | None | Ist (as in Guitarist) |
Auslund | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Foreign |
Tig/Ig | Suffix | None | Ly/y (as in funny) |
Bār | Suffix | None | Ful (as in wonderful) |
Ver | Preposition, Prefix | None | Before, In Front Of |
Tand/And | Suffix | None | Ing (Gerund) |
Zēt | Noun | Masculine | Time |
Zētig, Zētigern, Zētigīn | Adjective, Adverb | None | Timely, Timelier, Timeliest |
Vōrzētig, Vōrzētigern, Vōrzētigīn | Adjective, Adverb | None | Early, Earlier, Earliest |
Neider | Proposition | None | Down |
A/Ab | Preposition, Prefix | None | Away From, By |
Aneider | Preposition | None | Upward |
Eben | Noun | Feminine | Plains, Grasslands |
Nadur | Noun | Feminine | Nature |
Aup | Preposition | None | Up |
Abaup | Preposition | None | Downward |
Nord | Noun, Preposition | Masculine | North |
Abnord | Preposition | None | Southward |
Sud | Noun, Preposition | Masculine | South |
Asud | Preposition | None | Northward |
Öste | Noun, Preposition | Masculine | East |
Aböste | Preposition | None | Westward |
Vest | Noun, Preposition | Masculine | West |
Avest | Preposition | None | Eastward |
Zūt | Preposition | None | Toward |
Zūtaup | Preposition | None | Upward |
Zūtneider | Preposition | None | Downward |
Zūtvest | Preposition | None | Westward |
Zūtöste | Preposition | None | Eastward |
Zūtnord | Preposition | None | Northward |
Zūtsud | Preposition | None | Southward |
Seikōmor | Verb | Irregular | Become |
Wei | Noun | Neuter | Way |
Keiß | Suffix | None | Ness |
Sewein | Conjunction | None | Because |
Neidgehsir | Verb | Irregular | Go Down |
Neidkomtanir | Verb | Regular | Come Down |
Aupgehsir | Verb | Irregular | Go Up |
Aupkomtanir | Verb | Regular | Come Up |
Babie | Noun | Neuter | Baby |
Anti | Prefix | None | Anti |
Pille | Noun | Neuter | Pill |
Klein, Kleinern, Kleinīn | Adjective | Masc. Fem. Neuter | Small, Smaller, Smallest |
Infāns | Noun | Neuter | Infant |
Tyk | Noun | Neuter | Toddler |
Bulle | Noun | Masculine | Bull |
Couh | Noun | Feminine | Cow |
Cathel | Noun | Neuter | Cattle |
Ruxegnier | Noun | Masculine | Knight |
Rux | Noun | Neuter | Armor |
Rūxorie | Noun | Neuter | Armory |
Ruxier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Armorer |
Hurse | Noun | Neuter | Horse |
Mār | Noun | Feminine | Mare |
Stueng | Noun | Masculine | Stallion |
Troble | Noun | Neuter | Trouble |
Nāchtroble | Noun | Neuter | Nightmare |
Angste | Noun | Neuter | Fear |
Angster | Verb | Regular | To Fear |
Anxie, Anxiērn, Anxiīn | Noun, Adjective | Neuter | Anxiety, Anxious, More Anxious, Most Anxious |
Screibir | Verb | Regular | To Write |
Screib | Noun | Neuter | Writing |
Screibier | Noun | Masculine, Feminine | Writer |
Vōr | Conjunction | None | Before |
Reīsir | Verb | Regular | To Travel |
Reīs | Noun | Feminine | Travel |
Montāgēs | Noun | Masculine | Month |
Mont | Noun | Masculine | Moon |
Sōnnetāgēs | Noun | Masculine | Year |
Montāgt | Noun | Masculine | Monday |
Tieertāgt | Noun | Masculine | Tuesday |
Mittletāgt | Noun | Masculine | Wednesday |
Dannetāgt | Noun | Masculine | Thrusday |
Freitāgt | Noun | Masculine | Friday |
Gottāgt | Noun | Masculine | Saturday |
Sōnnetāgt | Noun | Masculine | Sunday |
Sōnnezēne | Noun | Masculine | Decade |
Sōnnehuntere | Noun | Masculine | Century |
Jannar(mont) | Noun | Masculine | Janurary |
Febrar(mont) | Noun | Masculine | Febuary |
Gottmont | Noun | Masculine | March |
April(mont) | Noun | Masculine | April |
Maiz(mont) | Noun | Masculine | May |
Kōenigmont | Noun | Masculine | June |
Kēnīgmont | Noun | Masculine | July |
Arbar(mont) | Noun | Masculine | August |
Bludmont | Noun | Masculine | September |
Angstar(mont) | Noun | Masculine | October |
Tōdar(mont) | Noun | Masculine | November |
Schnar(mont) | Noun | Masculine | December |
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Diutchelies". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Elective existential pronouns are often used with negatives (I can't see anyone), while dubitative existential pronouns are used in questions when there is doubt as to the existence of the pronoun's assumed referent (Is anybody here a doctor?).
- ↑ In order to make “andēre” (other) into another, add an indefinite article in front of it, agreeing with the gender and case.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.
- ↑ Irregular, Verb Chart.