Menakan language: Difference between revisions

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|region=[[Menako Islands]]
|region=[[Menako Islands]]
|speakers=ca. 1 million
|speakers=ca. 1 million
|date=1930
|date=
|ref=
|ref=
|familycolor=Veterran
|familycolor=Veterran
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'''Menakan''' (''Menskans'') is a Vismaric language spoken mainly and orginating from the [[Menako Islands]]
'''Menakan''' (''Menskans'') is an East Vismaric language spoken mainly and orginating from the [[Menako Islands]]. Currently there are around 1 million native speakers of Menakan, almost all of them situated on the Menako Islands themselves. It is sometimes spoken as a second language, with currently there being 300.000 second language speakers. it most closely related to Feinan and Vistrasjorder, spoken in Norsund.
 
Due to the language being spoken in an important trading hub for the Hellonian Realm, it has adopted elements from both Hellonian and German. Due to its late standardization and status as a relatively simple language for communication, it is one of the least inflective language in the Vismaric languages. Menakan only has one common gender and officially only has two cases - nominative and genitive (expect for pronouns which are also inflected in the object form). Menakan has two grammatical numbers – plural and singular. Adjectives are only inflected when used with a linking verb for number, otherwise all adjectives are standardly inflected with the suffix -na. The definiteness of nouns is marked primarily through suffixes, complemented with separate definite and indefinite articles. Verbs are entirely regular and are only inflected based on tense.
 
===Phonology===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Consonant phonemes
|-
! colspan="2" |
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Labial consonant|Labial}}
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Dental consonant|Dental}}/<br>{{wp|Alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Palatal consonant|Palatal}}
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Velar consonant|Velar}}
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Glottal consonant|Glottal}}
|-
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal consonant|Nasal}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|m}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|n}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|ɲ}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|ŋ}}
| colspan="2" |
|-
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Stop consonant|Stop}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|p}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|b}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|t̪|t}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|d̪|d}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|k}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|ɡ}}
| colspan="2" |
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{Wp|Continuant consonant|Continuant}}
! <small>{{wp|sibilant}}</small>
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | {{IPA link|s̺|s}} || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|
|-
! <small>non-sibilant</small>
| style="border-right: 0;" | {{wp|f}} || style="border-left: 0;" | {{wp|v}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | {{wp|θ̠|θ}} || style="border-left: 0;" | ({{wp|ð̠|ð}})
| style="border-right: 0;" |  || style="border-left: 0;" | {{wp|j}}
| colspan="2" |
| {{wp|h}}
|-
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Lateral consonant|Lateral}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|l}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |&nbsp; || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|ʎ}}
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|-
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Trill consonant|Trill}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|r}}
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|}
 
{|
|-
| valign="top" |
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+ Short/lax vowels
|-
!
! [[Front vowel|Front]]<br />[[Unrounded vowel|unr.]]
! [[Front vowel|Front]]<br />[[Rounded vowel|rnd.]]
! [[Central vowel|Central]]
! [[Back vowel|Back]]
|-
! {{left}} [[Close vowel|Close]]
| {{IPA|ɪ}}
| {{IPA|ʏ}}
|
|
|-
! {{left}} [[Mid vowel|Mid]]
| {{IPA|ɛ}}
|
| {{IPA|ə}}
| {{IPA|ɔ}}
|-
! {{left}} [[Open vowel|Open]]
| colspan=3 |
| {{IPA|ɑ}}
|}
| &nbsp;
| valign="top" |
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+ Long/tense vowels
|-
!
! Front<br />unr.
! Front<br />rnd.
! Back
|-
! {{left}} [[Close vowel|Close]]
| {{IPA|i}} ~ {{IPA|iː}}
| {{IPA|y}} ~ {{IPA|yː}}
| {{IPA|u}} ~ {{IPA|uː}}
|-
! {{left}} [[Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
| {{IPA|eː}}
| {{IPA|øː}}
| {{IPA|oː}}
|-
! {{left}} [[Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
| ({{IPA|ɛː}})
| ({{IPA|œː}})
| ({{IPA|ɔː}})
|-
! {{left}} [[Open vowel|Open]]
| {{IPA|aː}}
| colspan=2 |
|}
|}

Revision as of 16:06, 10 March 2020

Menakan
Menskans
Native toMenako Islands
RegionMenako Islands
Native speakers
ca. 1 million
Veterran
  • Vismaric
    • East Vismaric
      • Menako-Feinan
        • Menakan
Official status
Official language in
Flag of the Menako Islands.svg Menako Islands
Regulated byMinistry for Cultural Preservation
Language codes
ISO 639-3mnk

Menakan (Menskans) is an East Vismaric language spoken mainly and orginating from the Menako Islands. Currently there are around 1 million native speakers of Menakan, almost all of them situated on the Menako Islands themselves. It is sometimes spoken as a second language, with currently there being 300.000 second language speakers. it most closely related to Feinan and Vistrasjorder, spoken in Norsund.

Due to the language being spoken in an important trading hub for the Hellonian Realm, it has adopted elements from both Hellonian and German. Due to its late standardization and status as a relatively simple language for communication, it is one of the least inflective language in the Vismaric languages. Menakan only has one common gender and officially only has two cases - nominative and genitive (expect for pronouns which are also inflected in the object form). Menakan has two grammatical numbers – plural and singular. Adjectives are only inflected when used with a linking verb for number, otherwise all adjectives are standardly inflected with the suffix -na. The definiteness of nouns is marked primarily through suffixes, complemented with separate definite and indefinite articles. Verbs are entirely regular and are only inflected based on tense.

Phonology

Consonant phonemes
Labial Dental/
Alveolar 		Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop p b t d k ɡ
Continuant sibilant s
non-sibilant f v θ (ð) j h
Lateral l   ʎ
Trill r
Short/lax vowels
Front
unr. 		Front
rnd. 		Central Back
Close ɪ ʏ
Mid ɛ ə ɔ
Open ɑ
 
Long/tense vowels
Front
unr. 		Front
rnd. 		Back
Close i ~ iː y ~ yː u ~ uː
Close-mid eː øː oː
Open-mid (ɛː) (œː) (ɔː)
Open aː
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