Toro Main Battle Tank: Difference between revisions
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* '''Toro''': Original production version of the Toro, equipped with a Munizioni Reali C-9051 90 mm cannon. | * '''Toro''': Original production version of the Toro, equipped with a Munizioni Reali C-9051 90 mm cannon. | ||
* '''Toro A''': Toro model with the {{wpl|ALFA M44|M-1944C}} coaxial {{wpl|7.35×51mm Carcano|7.35×51 mm}} machine gun replaced by a {{wpl|Hispano-Suiza HS.404|ARO CAPA.2038}} 20 mm cannon. These were converted back to machine guns on the Toro C, using the {{wpl|AA-52 machine gun | * '''Toro A''': Toro model with the {{wpl|ALFA M44|M-1944C}} coaxial {{wpl|7.35×51mm Carcano|7.35×51 mm}} machine gun replaced by a {{wpl|Hispano-Suiza HS.404|ARO CAPA.2038}} 20 mm cannon. These were converted back to machine guns on the Toro C, using the {{wpl|AA-52 machine gun|MGMAC 50}} {{wpl|7.5×54mm French|7.5x54 mm}} mm machine gun over the older M-1944 design. | ||
* '''Toro B''': 1959 upgrade which saw the 90 mm Munizioni Reali C-9051 replaced with a heavier Munizioni Reali C-105/59 mm cannon. | * '''Toro B''': 1959 upgrade which saw the 90 mm Munizioni Reali C-9051 replaced with a heavier Munizioni Reali C-105/59 mm cannon. | ||
* '''Toro C''': 1972 upgrade for the Toro B replacing the existing engine with a new MVGD E-75 V-12 turbocharged multi-fuel diesel engine. In addition, the 20 mm ARO CAPA.2038 20 mm cannons were removed and replaced with the {{wpl|AA-52 machine gun||MGMAC 50}} {{wpl|7.5×54mm French|7.5x54 mm}} general purpose machine guns. | * '''Toro C''': 1972 upgrade for the Toro B replacing the existing engine with a new MVGD E-75 V-12 turbocharged multi-fuel diesel engine. In addition, the 20 mm ARO CAPA.2038 20 mm cannons were removed and replaced with the {{wpl|AA-52 machine gun||MGMAC 50}} {{wpl|7.5×54mm French|7.5x54 mm}} general purpose machine guns. |
Revision as of 20:21, 30 November 2020
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Toro Main Battle Tank | |
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![]() | |
Type | Main battle tank |
Place of origin | ![]() |
Service history | |
In service | 1950 - 1981 |
Used by | See Users |
Production history | |
Designer | Calvetti Industria Pesante S.p.A |
Designed | 1944 - 1949 |
Manufacturer | Calvetti Industria Pesante S.p.A |
Produced | 1951 - 1975 |
Variants | See variants |
Specifications | |
Weight | 47.2 tonnes |
Length | 7.8 m (hull) 10.3 m (including gun) |
Width | 3.4 m 3.91 m (applique armor) |
Height | 3.1 m |
Passengers | 4 |
Armor | Glass-reinforced plastic sandwiched between layers of steel Third generation composite armor (Steel composite blend), modular armor packages |
Main armament | Original design: Munizioni Reali C-9051 90 mm cannon Toro A and forward: Munizioni Reali C-105/59 mm cannon |
Secondary armament | 2 x Calvano Armi Leggere S.p.A M-1944C coaxial 7.35×51 mm machine gun with 2,000, second M-1944 pintle-mounted machine gun on the commanders station. Toro C and D: 1 x [[Wikipedia:AA-52 machine gun|]] 7.5x54 mm mm machine gun with 2,000 rounds, second <> pintle-mounted machine gun on the commanders station |
Engine | MVGD E-75 V-12 turbocharged multi-fuel diesel engine 630 hp |
Transmission | Automatic (4 forward, 2 reverse) |
Ground clearance | 0.4 m |
Fuel capacity | 850 L |
Operational range | 350 km |
Speed | On-road: 55 km/h Off-road: 32 km/h |
History and design
Variants
- Toro: Original production version of the Toro, equipped with a Munizioni Reali C-9051 90 mm cannon.
- Toro A: Toro model with the M-1944C coaxial 7.35×51 mm machine gun replaced by a ARO CAPA.2038 20 mm cannon. These were converted back to machine guns on the Toro C, using the MGMAC 50 7.5x54 mm mm machine gun over the older M-1944 design.
- Toro B: 1959 upgrade which saw the 90 mm Munizioni Reali C-9051 replaced with a heavier Munizioni Reali C-105/59 mm cannon.
- Toro C: 1972 upgrade for the Toro B replacing the existing engine with a new MVGD E-75 V-12 turbocharged multi-fuel diesel engine. In addition, the 20 mm ARO CAPA.2038 20 mm cannons were removed and replaced with the [[Wikipedia:AA-52 machine gun|]] 7.5x54 mm general purpose machine guns.