Template:Infobox language

Infobox language
Language family	Default Infobox language
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–

Template documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

This template is for use in articles about languages or dialects. It provides a common standard for displaying data about a language.

Usage

Syntax

{{{name}}}
{{{altname}}}
{{{nativename}}}
({{{acceptance}}})
[[File:{{{image}}}|{{{imagesize}}}|alt={{{imagealt}}}]] {{{imagecaption}}}
Pronunciation	{{{pronunciation}}}
Native to	{{{states}}}
Region	{{{region}}}
Coordinates	{{{coordinates}}}
Ethnicity	{{{ethnicity}}}
Extinct	{{{extinct}}}{{{ref}}} {{{speakers2}}}
Revival[[Category:{{{revived-category}}}]]	{{{revived}}}
Language family	{{{family}}}
Early forms	{{{protoname}}} {{{ancestor2}}}
Standard forms	{{{standards}}}
Dialects	{{{dialects}}}
Writing system	{{{script}}}
Signed forms	{{{sign}}}
Sources	{{{posteriori}}}
Official status
Official language in	{{{nation}}}
Recognised minority language in	{{{minority}}}
Regulated by	{{{agency}}}
Language codes
ISO 639-1	{{{iso1}}} {{{iso1comment}}}
ISO 639-2	{{{iso2}}} {{{iso2comment}}}
ISO 639-3	{{{iso3}}} – inclusive code {{{iso3comment}}} Individual codes: [[iso639-3:{{{lc1}}}|{{{lc1}}}]] – {{{ld1}}} [[iso639-3:{{{lc2}}}|{{{lc2}}}]] – {{{ld2}}}
ISO 639-6	{{{iso6}}}
Linguist List	{{{linglist}}} {{{lingname}}}
	{{{linglist2}}} {{{lingname2}}}
Glottolog	{{{glotto}}}  {{{glottoname}}} {{{glotto2}}}  {{{glottoname2}}}
AIATSIS	{{{aiatsis}}} {{{aiatsisname}}}, {{{aiatsis2}}} {{{aiatsisname2}}}
Guthrie code	{{{guthrie}}}
Linguasphere	{{{lingua}}}{{{lingua_ref}}}
IETF	{{{ietf}}}
[[File:{{{map}}}|{{{mapsize}}}|alt={{{mapalt}}}]] {{{mapcaption}}}
[[File:{{{map2}}}|{{{mapsize}}}|alt={{{mapalt2}}}]] {{{mapcaption2}}}
{{{module}}}

{{Infobox language
| name             = 
| altname          = 
| nativename       = 
| acceptance       = 
| image            = 
| imagesize        = <!-- or image_size -->
| imagealt         = 
| imagecaption     = 
| pronunciation    = 
| states           = <!-- or state -->
| region           = 
| creator          = 
| created          = 
| setting          = 
| coordinates      = <!-- use {{Coord}} --> 
| ethnicity        = 
| extinct          = 
| era              = 
| speakers         = 
| date             = 
| dateprefix       = 
| ref              = <!-- up to e21 (or current edition) if ref is ''Ethnologue'' --> 
| refname          = 
| speakers2        = 
| revived          = 
| revived-category = <!-- or revived-cat -->
| familycolor      = 
| family           = 
| fam1             = 
| fam2             = 
| fam3             = <!-- up to fam15 -->
| protoname        = 
| ancestor         = 
| ancestor2        = <!-- up to ancestor5 -->
| standards        = 
| stand1           = 
| stand2           = <!-- up to stand6 -->
| dialects         = 
| listclass        = 
| dia1             = 
| dia2             = <!-- up to dia20 -->
| script           = 
| sign             = 
| posteriori       = 
| nation           = 
| minority         = 
| agency           = 
| iso1             = 
| iso1comment      = 
| iso2             = 
| iso2b            = 
| iso2t            = 
| iso2comment      = 
| iso3             = 
| iso3comment      = 
| lc1              = 
| ld1              = 
| lc2              = <!-- up to lc30 -->
| ld2              = <!-- up to ld30 --> 
| iso6             = 
| isoexception     = 
| linglist         = 
| lingname         = 
| linglist2        = <!-- up to linglist6 -->
| lingname2        = <!-- up to lingname6 -->
| glotto           = 
| glottoname       = 
| glottofoot       = 
| glottorefname    = 
| glotto2          = <!-- up to glotto5 -->
| glottoname2      = <!-- up to glottoname5 -->
| glottorefname2   = <!-- up to glottorefname5 -->
| aiatsis          = 
| aiatsisname      = 
| aiatsis2         = <!-- up to aiatsis6 -->
| aiatsisname2     = <!-- up to aiatsisname6 -->
| guthrie          = 
| lingua           = 
| lingua_ref       = 
| ietf             = 
| map              = 
| mapsize          = 
| mapalt           = 
| mapcaption       = 
| map2             = 
| mapalt2          = 
| mapcaption2      = 
| wikibook         = <!-- an e-book in Wikibooks -->
| module           = 
| notice           = IPA
}}

References in infobox

Placement

The template should placed at the very top of the wikitext of the article, before any text. The absolute basic syntax is as shown below: {{Infobox language ← this calls the template | name = name of language ← the name of the language needs to be given | familycolor = appropriate language family ← refer to the coloured chart to the right (or above, depending on your browser), and type the name shown there; this will add the appropriate family color to the template top.8 Using "Altaic" or "Caucasian" etc. does *not* result in a claim that the language belongs to that family: think of them as areal codings. }} ← this ends the template call *If you enter "isolate", you will be restricted to a single line for the family. In order to allow levels of classification, as with dialects of a language isolate, enter "grey"/"gray" instead. However, you will probably want to add more than just this. Other parameters are listed below, they can be incorporated anywhere between the first and last lines, and in any order.

Parameters

This template accepts the following parameters:

name

name of language #REQUIRED

altname

additional name of the language

nativename

native or a second additional name (if nativename is to be used, and altname parameter MUST be defined)

acceptance

questionable acceptance/status of the language: unattested, spurious, etc.

pronunciation

IPA pronunciation of the native name

states

countries in which it is mainly spoken

state

alias for states

region

geographic region in which it is mainly spoken

coordinates

latitude and longitude; use {{coord}}

ethnicity

people for whom this is the ethnically native language; also good for the ethnic population if different from the number of speakers (although the names chosen for the articles on the people and on the language will generally be the same, it may be appropriate to pipe in the native name of the people here)

speakers

{{sigfig|number of native speakers/signers|2}}

date

date of estimate of number of speakers/signers (must start with a 4-digit year: see next)

dateprefix

any text wanted inside the parentheses before the date; a space ( ) must be explicitly included at the end

era

era of use of a historical language, such as one that developed into something else; 'speakers' will not display

extinct

date of extinction, or information about extinction; 'speakers' will not display

revived

Date and/or population of attempted revival of extinct language

revived-category

optional name (without "Category:") of appropriate subcategory of Category:Language revival (which is used by default if |revived= has a value); or nocat to suppress categorization

ref

A reference for the number of speakers, placed after the date, if any. This can be any inline citation or a predefined code such as e19, linglist, ne2010, etc. For more details, see the documentation at Template:Infobox language/ref.

refname

Name used in reference generated by certain 'ref' parameter values such as e19. It defaults to the value of the 'name' parameter or PAGENAME.

speakers2

2nd line (2nd estimate, 2nd country, L2 speakers, etc.)

familycolor

appropriate language family #REQUIRED

See table below for list of options. Please do not use other names, because they will not be recognised, and the table will be colored grey.

In most cases, 'familycolor' will trigger a default entry for the 'fam1' field, so that field is not necessary (you can continue will 'fam2'), but you can override this by entering something under 'fam1'. For areal colors (American, Khoisan, Paleosiberian, etc.), you will be prompted for a 'fam1' entry if you do not provide one. If 'isolate' or 'unclassified' is used, the fam1–xx tree will not display.

fam1

the broadest possible widely accepted language family of which the language is a part

fam2

a more specific sub-family

...

fam15

most specific sub group

family

whatever you want to say; fam1–xx will not display

ancestor

ancestral or reconstructed forms

ancestor2

...

ancestor5

intermediate forms

protoname

alias for ancestor

creator

name of language creator

created

year of first creation

setting

the use or setting for a created language

posteriori

natural-language sources of a created language

dia1

...

dia20

primary dialects

dialects

whatever you want to say; dia1–xx will not display

listclass

class for the dia1–xx list: plainlist (default), hlist (horizontal) or flatlist (bulleted)

stand1

a standardized register

stand2

a second standardized register

...

stand6

sixth standardized register

standards

whatever you want to say

script

the writing system(s) used for the language by literate speakers

sign

signed forms (manually coded language)

nation

list of countries in which it is an official language

minority

list of countries in which it is a recognised/protected minority language

agency

regulatory body or language academy for the language

iso1

the ISO 639-1 code for the language

iso1comment

for comments to not interfere with the link

iso2

the ISO 639-2 code for the language (not for its family)

iso2b

the ISO 639-2 bibliographic code

iso2t

the ISO 639-2 terminological code

iso2comment

for comments to not interfere with the link(s)

iso3

the ISO 639-3 code for the language.

Field will display even if left empty, unless 'lc1' etc. is used.

Use 'none' if the language (not dialect) has no iso3 code, and the article will be added to Category:Languages without iso3 codes.

Leave empty for a dialect that has no iso3 code, but the language it belongs to does; in this case, also use |isoexception=dialect.

Leave empty for a historical variety that has no iso3 code, but its modern version does; in this case, also use |isoexception=historical.

Leave blank for a protolanguage, and use |isoexception=protolanguage.

Use 'linglist' if it has an iso3 code, but this is maintained at Linguist List instead of at SIL. Add the code itself under |linglist=. (This is not necessary if the SIL page provides its own link to the Linguist List page.)

iso3comment

for comments to not interfere with the link

isoexception

a maintenance field to organize cleanup categories.

Excludes article from the Category:Language articles without language codes if set to any of the following values:

dialect (used for a dialect that does not itself have an ISO code, although the language it belongs to does; adds article to the Category:Dialects of languages with ISO 639-3 code)

historical (used for a historical language that does not itself have an ISO code, although its modern version does; adds article to the Category:Historical forms of languages with ISO codes)

protolanguage (used for protolanguages without ISO codes; adds article to the Category:Protolanguages without ISO codes)

talkpage (used on talk pages and in archives so that they don't show up in tracking categories)

lc1

ISO code of the first dialect (the 'iso3' field will not display if empty and this is included)

ld1

name of the first language dialect

lc2

ISO code of the second dialect

ld2

name of the second language dialect

...

lc30

ISO code of the 30–th dialect

ld30

name of the 30–th dialect

iso6

the ISO 639-6 code for the language.

linglist

a private or local Linguist List ISO 639-3 code or substitute for an ISO code; use xxx-xxx format for dialects.

Use for code range qaa–qtz or those involving numerals only; enter other codes under 'iso3' and the reader will be redirected from Ethnologue.

lingname

comment on the Linguist List code or support

linglist2

linglist3

additional Linguist List codes

lingname2

lingname3

additional comments. (If Linguist List has redundant codes, write to them, and they will likely retire them.)

lingua

the Linguasphere code for the language

glotto2

...

glotto5

the Glottolog code(s) for the language

glottoname2

...

glottoname5

the Glottolog name(s) for the language; appears in both the info box and the footnote

glottorefname2

...

glottorefname5

the Glottolog name(s) for the language; appears only in the footnote

glottofoot

set to "no" to hide the Glottolog footnotes

guthrie

the Guthrie code for Bantu languages

aiatsis

the AIATSIS code for Australian languages (linked)

aiatsis2

...

aiatsis6

additional AIATSIS codes

aiatsisname2

...

aiatsisname6

name of code, if not that of the info box, or note to appear after code

ietf

IETF language tag

image

image at top of info box. Use format "image name.png", without "file/image" or brackets.

imagesize

override default image size (currently 200px). Use units ("123px", "12em")

imagealt

alt text for the image

imagecaption

caption to appear under image

imageheader

brief header for image (appears in the left-hand column)

map

image at bottom of info box. Use format "image name.png", without "file/image" or brackets.

mapsize

override default map size (currently 220px). Use units ("123px", "12em"). Affects both maps.

mapalt

alt text for the map

mapcaption

caption to appear under map

map2

a second map

mapalt2

alt text for the second map

mapcaption2

caption to appear under both maps

boxsize

overrides default width of infobox, currently set at 22em. Format must include units ("12em" or "123px").

Useful when an article has various infoboxes aligned in a column. (Box will automatically expand to fix map wider than default box width.)

notice

IPA/ipa [adds notice for IPA notation]

module

Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.

Additional parameters

There are several more parameters that can be defined between the opening and closing lines. These are:

| altname = additional name of the language [not every one, but one a reader would be likely to look for]

| nativename = native name, or a second alternative name [most cases as of 2012 not actually the native name]

| states = countries in which it is mainly spoken (multigenerational communities) ← you do not have to define both this and region. Do not use flag icons except for national or official status (WP:INFOBOXFLAG).

| region = geographic region in which it is mainly spoken ← you do not have to define both this and states; use this parameter for a single statement about geographic distribution. It is not for the broader region where the states are located, but rather the regions within the country, or across countries, where it is spoken. (That is, do not add SE Asia if we state it's in Laos, or West Africa if we state it's in Mali.)

| speakers = the number of native speakers of the language. If unknown, enter ⟨?⟩ and do not enter NA for the date (this causes the article to be listed in the Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'unknown', a hidden maintenance category). If no native speakers, enter ⟨none⟩. Otherwise, if no date is supplied, missing date will be displayed. Use {{sigfig|...|2}} to round to 2 significant figures while retaining the exact figure from the reference.

| date = the date of publication of the estimate of the number of speakers.

Used for calculations for obsolete data, so needs to start with a 4-digit year. Exception: If ⟨NA⟩ is entered, nothing will display. If ⟨no date⟩ is entered, "no date" will display. Do not enter a date parameter at all if speakers is set to ⟨none⟩.

Articles with old dates (currently ≥ 30 years) appear in Category:Language articles with old speaker data.

| ref = reference for the speaker data.

If ⟨e17⟩ is entered, this will automatically generate a reference to the Ethnologue 17 article that bears the ISO 639-3 code entered at 'iso3'.

To link to the auto-generated reference from elsewhere in the article, use <ref name=e17/>.

⟨e16⟩ and <ref name=e16/> or ⟨e15⟩ and <ref name=e15/> can be used to ref the 16th or 15th edition, for example for extinct languages which are no longer supported.

⟨linglist⟩ and <ref name=linglist/> can be used to ref the MultiTree entry at the Linguist List.

⟨ne2007/ne2010⟩ and <ref name=NE100/> can be used to ref the Swedish national encyclopedia, which we use for many of the world's top 100 languages

⟨inali⟩ and <ref name=INALI/> can be used to ref Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas

Similarly, aiatsis can be used to link to the <ref name=AIATSIS/> ref generated by the info box for the AIATSIS entry for Australian languages. (For Glottolog and Maho's edition of the Guthrie list for Bantu languages, <ref name=Glottolog(2–5)/> or <ref name=Guthrie/> needs to be added manually, as they do not provide population data.)

| speakers2 = a 2nd line for speaker data, such as L2 speakers, appearing after the date.

If this is a second line of L1 speakers, it should be arranged so that, if there are two dates cited, the oldest appears in the date parameter, for automated update calculations. Data from different countries should not be added together if they are not comparable: say if one is from 1973 and another from 2006, or if one is rounded to the nearest million and another is on the order of 10,000.

| iso1 = the ISO 639-1 code for the language

| iso2 = the ISO 639-2 code for the language; creates a link to the ISO page ← see just hereafter for the situation where a language has two ISO 639-2 codes

| iso3 = the ISO 639-3 code for the language; creates a link to the ISO page ← see below for the situation where multiple ISO 639-3 codes apply; if there is no ISO 639-3 code, set iso3=none to return the text none and add the article to a list of uncoded languages (if iso3comment is also used, that will display in place of none)

Only iso3 will appear (with a dash) if the code is omitted. If a language has two ISO 639-2 codes, one will be defined as the bibliographic code, and the other terminological. These can be added in separate fields using the following parameters:

| iso2b = the ISO 639-2 bibliographic code

| iso2t = the ISO 639-2 terminological code

| lingua = the Linguasphere code for the language

| linglist(2,3) = the Linguist List code(s) for the language. May be a proper ISO code maintained at Linguist List, or a local non-ISO code; creates a link to the Linguist List page.

| lingname(2,3) = the Linguist List name for the language, or other comment

| glotto(2–5) = the Glottolog code for the language. Generates a reference which can be accessed via name="Glottolog(2–5)". Enter "none" if Glottolog does not have a code for the language, "spurious" if Glottolog uses that term. [future: also "unattested"]

| glottoname(2–5) = the names to be used for the Glottolog reference(s). If there is more than one box on a page, then you need a different-numbered parameter for each, in order to generate separate footnotes.

| guthrie = the Guthrie code for Bantu languages. Generates a reference which can be accessed via name="Guthrie".

| aiatsis(2,3) = the AIATSIS code(s) for Australian languages. Generates a reference which can be accessed via name="AIATSIS".

| aiatsis(2,3)name = the AIATSIS name, if different from the entry at |name=.

| iso3comment = allows a comment in the ISO field that will not interfere with the link

| isoexception = handles exceptions to the handling of missing ISO codes; see details above.

| ietf = IETF language tag

| wikibook = Wikibooks e-book on this language

| module = Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.

Genetic classification

You can use the language template to show the genetic classification of a language at a glance. This classification is displayed as a descending staircase of language families, from the broadest to the most specific. To add the genetic classification use the following:

| fam1 = the broadest possible widely accepted language family of which the language is a part ← if this would be exactly the same as you have defined for familycolor, it may be omitted

| fam2 = a more specific sub-family

| fam3 = a more specific group

You can keep adding parameters in like fashion until you have completed the classification. If you would prefer to enter some other information in this box (for example, disputed), use this parameter instead:

| family = whatever you want to say (sequesters the repetition of the name of the language)

This can be set to "na" to avoid specifying a family relationship at all, an for a geographical group that has no single origin.

Ancestral forms may be useful when we have an article on them, or when they have been assigned ISO codes:

| ancestor = an ancestral form, such as Old English or Proto-Basque

| ancestor2/3 = intermediate ancestral forms, such as Middle English or Aquitanian

Optional parameters

Some parts of the template remain invisible unless they are specifically called. Only use these parameters if they are required.

| fontcolor = colour of font against 'familycolor' ← the font colour is usually black, use this to change it if it is difficult to read

| pronunciation = pronunciation of the native name of the language in IPA → remember to enclose the transcription in an IPA template such as {{IPA-all}}

| nation = list of countries in which it is an official language

| minority = list of countries in which it is a recognised minority language. This is intended for legal protection and similar de jure recognition, not simply being listed on a census and other de facto recognition.

| agency = regulatory body or language academy for the language

| extinct = date of extinction, or information about extinction ← this replaces speakers

| revived = date and/or population of attempted revival of extinct language

| revived-category = (or | revived-cat = ) optional name (without "Category:") of appropriate subcategory of Category:Language revival (which is used by default if |revived= has a value); can be given as | revived-category = nocat to suppress the categorization entirely, when the language has a separate article about its revival that is already in the category (e.g. Cornish revival is in Category:Celtic language revival, so | is used in the infobox at Cornish language).

| era = era of use of an ancestral form of a language ← this replaces speakers

| script = writing system(s) used to represent the language ← in the form script (instantiation), such as "Latin (English alphabet)"
(Common variants of "Latin (alphabet)" redirect to Latin script. For the Latin alphabet itself, add an element such as  .)

Language with more than one ISO 639-3 code

Some languages have a number of ISO 639-3 codes, one for each dialect of that language. If you try putting all of these codes in the usual iso3 = parameter, it will get quite messy. Instead, use the following parameters:

| lc1 = language code of the first dialect

| ld1 = name of the first language dialect

For subsequent dialects, use lc2 and so forth. Lc entries will be automatically linked to the Ethnologue site. Wikipedia articles on the dialects may be linked from the ld entries..

For languages with an ISO 639-3 macrolanguage code and several individual codes, use iso3 for the macrolanguage and lcn, ldn for the individual codes.

Constructed languages

This template is appropriate to use for constructed languages. The following parameters can be used:

| creator = name of language creator

| created = year of first creation

| setting = the use or setting for the language

| posteriori = natural-language sources

Using these parameters, or setting familycolor=Conlang, automatically sets the coloured bars of the infobox to black background with white fonts, and removes the states and region parameters from use (nation is also disabled). If the iso2 parameter is left undefined, it is treated as being iso2=art. For conlangs, the family or famn parameters are used to describe the hierarchy of purpose of the language, whereas posteriori is used to describe the a posteriori sources on which the conlang draws.

Images in the template

You should not put large images at the top of the language template: they just make it very messy. You can place a small image at the top of the template using the following parameters:

| image = image name.png

| imagesize = 100px ← overrides the default image size

| imagealt = alt text

| imagecaption = caption

| imageheader = very simple description of image ('logo', 'map', 'script', etc.) ← this is placed in the left-hand column, and so needs to be short

If you have a larger image or two, such as a map, you can place them at the bottom of the template, spanning both columns, with the following parameter:

| map(2) = image name.png

| mapsize = 300px ← overrides the default image size

| mapalt(2) = alt text

| mapcaption(2) = caption

The usual image markup applies for both images. Alt text is for visually impaired readers, and the caption is for all readers; typically they should have little in common (see WP:ALT).

Footer notice

A notice or notices may be placed at the bottom of the infobox:

| notice=ipa ← places a notice about the Unicode fonts used for displaying IPA

Examples

Example 1

English
Pronunciation	/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/
Region	(see below)
Native speakers	360 million (cited 2010) L2: 375 million and 750 million EFL
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Anglo–Frisian Anglic English
Writing system	English alphabet (Latin script)
Signed forms	Manually coded English
Official status
Official language in	54 countries 27 non-sovereign entities United Nations European Union Commonwealth of Nations Council of Europe IOC NATO NAFTA OAS OECD OIC PIF UKUSA Agreement
Language codes
ISO 639-1	en
ISO 639-2	eng
ISO 639-3	eng
Linguasphere	52-ABA
Countries where English is the native language of the majority of the population   Countries where English is an official but not primary language

{{Infobox language
| name = English
| pronunciation = {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|ŋ|ɡ|l|ɪ|ʃ}}<ref>[http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com/dictionary/english_2 English Adjective] – Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary – Oxford University Press ©2010.</ref>
| region = (see [[#Geographical distribution|below]])
| speakers = 360 million
| date = 2010
| dateprefix = cited 
| ref = <ref name=NE>[[Nationalencyklopedin]] "Världens 100 största språk 2010" The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2010</ref>
| speakers2 = [[Second language|L2]]: 375 million and 750 million [[English as a foreign or second language|EFL]]<ref name=BritishCouncilEnglish>{{cite web |url=http://www.britishcouncil.org/learning-elt-future.pdf |title=Future of English|accessdate=24 August 2011 |publisher=The British Council}} (page 10)</ref>
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam2 = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]
| fam3 = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]]
| fam4 = [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo–Frisian]]
| fam5 = [[English languages|Anglic]]
| script = [[English alphabet]] ([[Latin script]])
| sign = [[Manually coded English]]
| nation = {{plainlist|
* [[List of countries where English is an official language#Sovereign states|54 countries]]
* [[List of countries where English is an official language#Non-sovereign entities|27 non-sovereign entities]]
* [[United Nations]]
* [[European Union]]
* [[Commonwealth of Nations]]
* [[Council of Europe]]
* [[International Olympic Committee|IOC]]
* [[NATO]]
* [[North American Free Trade Agreement|NAFTA]]
* [[Organization of American States|OAS]]
* [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]]
* [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation|OIC]]
* [[Pacific Islands Forum|PIF]]
* [[UKUSA Agreement]]}}
| iso1 = en
| iso2 = eng
| iso3 = eng
| lingua = 52-ABA
| map = Anglospeak.svg
| mapcaption = {{legend|#0000ff|Countries where English is the native language of the majority of the population}} {{legend|#8ddada|Countries where English is an official but not primary language}}
| notice = IPA
}}

References in infobox

Example 2

Persian
Fārsi
فارسی
Fārsi written in Persian (Nastaʿlīq script)
Pronunciation	[fyɒːɾˈsiː]
Native to	Iran Afghanistan (as Dari) Tajikistan (as Tajik) Uzbekistan (as Tajik) Iraq Russia
Native speakers	45 million (2007) – 60 million (2009) (110 million total speakers)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Western Iranian Southwestern Iranian Persian
Early forms	Old Persian Middle Persian
Standard forms	Western Persian Dari Tajik
Dialects	Western Persian Dari Central Asian Persian (Tajik) Bukhori Pahlavani Hazaragi Aimaq Judeo-Persian Dehwari Judeo-Tat Caucasian Tat Armeno-Tat
Writing system	Persian alphabet (Iran and Afghanistan) Tajik alphabet (Tajikistan) Hebrew Persian Braille
Official status
Official language in	Iran (as Persian) Afghanistan (as Dari) Tajikistan (as Tajik)
Regulated by	Academy of Persian Language and Literature (Iran)
Language codes
ISO 639-1	fa
ISO 639-2	per (B) fas (T)
ISO 639-3	fas – inclusive code Individual codes: pes – Western Persian prs – Dari language (Afghan Persian) tgk – Tajiki aiq – Aimaq dialect bhh – Bukhori dialect haz – Hazaragi dialect jpr – Judeo-Persian phv – Pahlavani deh – Dehwari jdt – Judeo-Tat ttt – Caucasian Tat
Glottolog	fars1254
Linguasphere	58-AAC (Wider Persian)  > 58-AAC-c (Central Persian)
Areas with significant numbers of Persian speakers (including dialects)
Countries where Persian is an official language

{{Infobox language
| name             = Persian
| altname          = Fārsi
| nativename       = {{lang|fa|فارسی}}
| image            = Farsi.svg
| imagesize        = 100px
| imagecaption     = ''Fārsi'' written in Persian ([[Nastaʿlīq script]])
| pronunciation    = {{IPA-fa|fyɒːɾˈsiː|}}
| states           = {{hlist|style=line-height:1.3em;
 | [[Iran]]
 | [[Afghanistan]] (as [[Dari language|Dari]])
 | [[Tajikistan]] (as [[Tajik language|Tajik]])
 | [[Uzbekistan]] (as Tajik)
 | [[Iraq]]
 | [[Russia]]
 }}
| speakers         = 45 million (2007) – 60 million
| date             = 2009
| ref              = 
| speakers2        = (110 million total speakers)
| familycolor      = Indo-European
| fam2             = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
| fam3             = [[Iranian languages|Iranian]]
| fam4             = [[Western Iranian languages|Western Iranian]]
| fam5             = Southwestern Iranian
| ancestor         = [[Old Persian]]
| ancestor2        = [[Middle Persian]]
| stand1           = [[Western Persian]]
| stand2           = [[Dari language|Dari]]
| stand3           = [[Tajik language|Tajik]]
| listclass        = hlist
| dia1             = [[Western Persian]]
| dia2             = [[Dari language|Dari]]
| dia3             = [[Tajik language|Central Asian Persian (Tajik)]]
| dia4             = [[Bukhori dialect|Bukhori]]
| dia5             = [[Pahlavani dialect|Pahlavani]]
| dia6             = [[Hazaragi dialect|Hazaragi]]
| dia7             = [[Aimaq dialect|Aimaq]]
| dia8             = [[Judeo-Persian]]
| dia9             = [[Dehwari dialect|Dehwari]]
| dia10            = [[Judeo-Tat]]
| dia11            = [[Tat language (Caucasus)|Caucasian Tat]]
| dia12            = [[Armeno-Tat]]
| script           = {{startplainlist|class=nowrap}}
* [[Persian alphabet]] ([[Iran]] and [[Afghanistan]])
* [[Tajik alphabet]] ([[Tajikistan]])
* {{hlist |[[Hebrew alphabet|Hebrew]] | [[Persian Braille]]}}
{{endplainlist}}
| nation           = {{IRN}} (as Persian)<br />{{AFG}} (as [[Dari language|Dari]])<br />{{TJK}} (as [[Tajik language|Tajik]])
| agency           = {{longlink|[[Academy of Persian Language and Literature]] ([[Iran]])}}
| iso1             = fa
| iso2b            = per
| iso2t            = fas
| iso3             = fas
| lc1              = pes
| ld1              = [[Western Persian]]
| lc2              = prs
| ld2              = [[Dari language]] (Afghan Persian)
| lc3              = tgk
| ld3              = [[Tajik language|Tajiki]]<!--This and the following codes aren't part of the macrolanguage per SIL-->
| lc4              = aiq
| ld4              = [[Aimaq dialect]]
| lc5              = bhh
| ld5              = [[Bukhori dialect]]
| lc7              = haz
| ld7              = [[Hazaragi dialect]]
| lc8              = jpr
| ld8              = [[Judeo-Persian]]
| lc9              = phv
| ld9              = [[Pahlavani language|Pahlavani]]
| lc10             = deh
| ld10             = [[Dehwari language|Dehwari]]
| lc11             = jdt
| ld11             = [[Judeo-Tat]]
| lc12             = ttt
| ld12             = [[Tat language (Caucasus)|Caucasian Tat]]
| glotto           = fars1254
| glottorefname    = Farsic – Caucasian Tat
| lingua           = {{longitem|58-AAC (Wider Persian)<br />{{nowrap| > 58-AAC-c (Central Persian)}}}}
| map              = Persian Language Location Map1.png{{!}}border
| mapcaption       = Areas with significant numbers of Persian speakers (including dialects)
| map2             = Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan.svg{{!}}border
| mapcaption2      = {{legend|red|Countries where Persian is an official language}}
| notice           = IPA
}}

References in infobox

Error-tracking categories

With 8,000 articles, manual review is insufficient. The following automating tracking categories should catch some of the more common errors. They also produce lists of articles that should be reviewed occasionally, because they lack population data or the data is dated.

ISO support

• Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code (1) – [iso3=] is set to 'none', as it is not (yet) included in ISO. May have other codes.
  • Category:Conlangs without ISO 639-3 code (0) – subcat: most conlangs do not qualify for ISO
  • Category:Nonexistent E17 links (0) – setting [iso3=none] and [ref=e17] generates an invalid reference
• Category:Language articles without language codes (89) – no language code listed, but not specifically excluded from ISO with [iso3=none]
  • Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguist List code (1)
    • subcat Category:Dialects with Linguist List code (0) – LingList codes some dialects with sub-ISO codes as "xxx-yyy"
  • Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Linguasphere code (5)
  • Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with AIATSIS code (0)
  • Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Guthrie code (0)
  • Category:Dialects of languages with ISO 639-3 code (9) – a normal exception, triggered by isoexception=dialect
  • Category:Historical forms of languages with ISO codes (0) – a normal exception, triggered by isoexception=historical
  • Category:Protolanguages without ISO codes (0) – a normal exception, triggered by isoexception=protolanguage
• Category:Languages which need ISO 639-3 comment (4) – triggered by [lc1=] without [lc2=] (once used as a way to provide comments; occasionally still appropriate with [iso3=] when a second but redundant ISO code is included)
• Category:Languages with ISO 639-2 code (133) – sometimes the 639-3 code is mistakenly copied into the iso2 field
• Category:Languages with ISO 639-1 code (144)

Speaker and date issues

• Category:Language articles without speaker estimate (23) – no entry under [speakers=], and not extinct, a sign language, or a conlang
• Category:Language articles with invalid population dates (3) – entry error at [date=] (anything other than a 4-digit number at start)
• Category:Language articles with speaker number undated (68) – no entry at [date=]
  • Category:Language articles with 'no date' set (0) – [date=no date], used when the source lacks a date
  • Category:Language articles with NA population dates (0) – [date=NA], used when a date does not apply
• Category:Language articles with old speaker data (3) – currently set to > 25 years
• Category:Language articles without reference field (247)

Classification

• Category:Language articles with spurious family (0) – generally because [fam1=] is autofilled from [familycolor] to 'American', 'Australian', 'Papuan', 'Khoisan', 'Caucasian', 'Andamanese', or 'Paleosiberian'
• Category:Languages without family color codes (72) – no or invalid familycolor
• Category:Languages without classification (0) – family displayed as 'unknown' (sometimes triggered by SLs or conlangs)

Other

• Category:Language articles needing infoboxes (0) – manual cat: switch off (to "no") if you judge the article does not need one
• Category:Ill-formatted infobox-language images (0) – images need to be stripped of external file formatting
• Category:Language articles with unsupported infobox fields (29) – detects any parameter not in the list, incl. for now anything over dia20
• Category:Articles citing AIATSIS (0)
• Category:Articles citing INALI (0)
• Category:Articles citing Linguist List (0)
• Category:Articles citing Maho/Guthrie (0) – category exists in template but has not been created
• Category:Articles citing Nationalencyklopedin (0)
• Category:Articles opting out of population reference (0)
• Category:Articles with unnamed Glottolog code (2)
• Category:Dialect articles with speakers set to 'unknown' (0)
• Category:Extinct ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue (0)
• Category:ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue (3)
• Category:Language articles missing Glottolog code (260)
• Category:Language articles with IETF language tag (1)
• Category:Language articles with old Ethnologue 18 speaker data (0)
• Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'none' (0)
• Category:Language articles with speakers set to 'unknown' (0)
• Category:Language articles with unknown extinction date (0)
• Category:Language articles with unknown population not citing Ethnologue 18 (0)
• Category:Language articles with unreferenced extinction date (18)
• Category:Languages rejected by Glottolog (0)
• Category:Languages with neither ISO nor Glottolog code (0)
• Category:Languages without Glottolog code (12)
• Category:Languages without ISO 639-3 code but with Glottolog code (0)
• Category:Nonexistent E18 links (0)

Sub-templates

1. Template:Infobox language/codelist
2. Template:Infobox language/family-color
3. Template:Infobox language/genetic
4. Template:Infobox language/linguistlist
5. Template:Infobox language/ref
6. Template:Infobox language/quilt

See also

• Template:Infobox language family

TemplateData

TemplateData documentation used by VisualEditor and other tools

See the monthly parameter usage report for this template. TemplateData for Infobox language Display data about a language in a standard format Template parameters This template prefers block formatting of parameters. Parameter Description Type Status Name name The English name of the language String required Alternative name altname An alternative or additional English name of the language String optional Native name nativename The native name of the language String optional Pronunciation pronunciation The IPA pronunciation of the native name of the language String optional States states state States or countries in which the language is mainly spoken String optional Region region The geographic region(s) in which the language is mainly spoken String optional Ethnicity ethnicity The ethnic group(s) whose native language this is String optional Speakers speakers The number of native speakers/signers of the language (will be rounded to 2 significant figures) Number optional Extinction extinct The date of the language's extinction or other information about extinction String optional Revival revived Date and/or population of attempted revival of extinct language String optional revived-category revived-category optional name of appropriate subcategory of [[:Category:Language revival]] (which is used by default if {{para|revived}} has a value); or <code>nocat</code> to suppress categorization String optional Era era The era of a historical language's use String optional Date date The date of the stated estimate of the number of speakers, starting with a 4-digit year String optional Date prefix dateprefix Additional information about the date of estimation of the number of speakers, placed in parentheses before the date String optional Reference ref A reference for the number of speakers, placed after the date, if any. This can be any inline citation or a predefined code such as e19, linglist, ne2010, etc. For more details, see the documentation at Template:Infobox language/ref. String optional Reference name refname Name used in reference generated by certain 'ref' parameter values such as e19. It defaults to the value of the 'name' parameter or PAGENAME. String optional Speakers 2 speakers2 A second line giving more information about the number of speakers, such as a second estimate String optional Language Family Color familycolor The appropriate language family for the purposes of determining the background color, chosen from a fixed set given in the documentation String required Language Family fam1 The broadest accepted language family the language belongs to String optional Language Family 2 fam2 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 3 fam3 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 4 fam4 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 5 fam5 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 6 fam6 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 7 fam7 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 8 fam8 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 9 fam9 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 10 fam10 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 11 fam11 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 12 fam12 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 13 fam13 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 14 fam14 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Language Family 15 fam15 A more specific sub-language family that the language belongs to String optional Family family Overrides all other family parameters, displays whatever you want String optional Ancestor ancestor An ancestral or reconstructed form of the language String optional Ancestor 2 ancestor2 An ancestral or reconstructed form of the language String optional Ancestor 3 ancestor3 An ancestral or reconstructed form of the language String optional Creator creator For constructed languages, the name of the creator String optional Creation date created Creation date for constructed languages String optional Setting setting The fictional setting or other usage of a constructed language String optional Posteriori posteriori Natural languages used as sources for a constructed language String optional Dialect dia1 A primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 2 dia2 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 3 dia3 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 4 dia4 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 5 dia5 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 6 dia6 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 7 dia7 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 8 dia8 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 9 dia9 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 10 dia10 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 11 dia11 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 12 dia12 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 13 dia13 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 14 dia14 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 15 dia15 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 16 dia16 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 17 dia17 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 18 dia18 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 19 dia19 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialect 20 dia20 Another primary dialect of the language String optional Dialects dialects Overrides all other dialect parameters, just displays the argument String optional Standardized Register stand1 A standardized register of the language String optional Standardized Register 2 stand2 Another standardized register of the language String optional Standardized Register 3 stand3 Another standardized register of the language String optional Standardized Register 4 stand4 Another standardized register of the language String optional Standardized Register 5 stand5 Another standardized register of the language String optional Standardized Register 6 stand6 Another standardized register of the language String optional Standardized Registers standards Overrides all other standardized register parameters, displays the argument String optional Script script The writing system(s) that literate speakers use for the language String optional Nations nation A list of countries in which it is an official language String optional Minority Status minority A list of countries in which it is a recognized minority language String optional Agency agency The regulatory body or language academy for the language String optional ISO 639-1 iso1 The ISO 639-1 code for the language String optional ISO 639-1 Comment iso1comment Any comments about the ISO 639-1 code, so as not to interfere with the link String optional ISO 639-2 iso2 The ISO 639-2 code for the language (but not the language family) String optional ISO 639-2 Bibliographic iso2b The ISO 639-2 bibliographic code for the language String optional ISO 639-2 Terminological iso2t The ISO 639-2 terminological code for the language String optional ISO 639-2 Comment iso2comment Any comments about the ISO 639-2 code(s), so as not to interfere with the link(s) String optional ISO 639-3 iso3 The ISO 639-3 code for the language, can be 'none' or 'linglist' String optional ISO 639-3 Comment iso3comment Any comments about the ISO 639-3 code, so as not to interfere with the link String optional ISO Exception isoexception Used for cleanup categories, excludes from the general 'missing language code' category if set to 'dialect', 'historical', 'protolanguage', or 'talkpage' String optional Dialect ISO 639 lc1 The ISO 639 code of the first dialect String optional Dialect Name ld1 The name of the first dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 2 lc2 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 2 ld2 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 3 lc3 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 3 ld3 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 4 lc4 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 4 ld4 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 5 lc5 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 5 ld5 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 6 lc6 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 6 ld6 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 7 lc7 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 7 ld7 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 8 lc8 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 8 ld8 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 9 lc9 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 9 ld9 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 10 lc10 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 10 ld10 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 11 lc11 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 11 ld11 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 12 lc12 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 12 ld12 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 13 lc13 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 13 ld13 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 14 lc14 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 14 ld14 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 15 lc15 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 15 ld15 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 16 lc16 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 16 ld16 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 17 lc17 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 17 ld17 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 18 lc18 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 18 ld18 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 19 lc19 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 19 ld19 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 20 lc20 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 20 ld20 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 21 lc21 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 21 ld21 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 22 lc22 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 22 ld22 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 23 lc23 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 23 ld23 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 24 lc24 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 24 ld24 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 25 lc25 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 25 ld25 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 26 lc26 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 26 ld26 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 27 lc27 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 27 ld27 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 28 lc28 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 28 ld28 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 29 lc29 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 29 ld29 The name of another dialect String optional Dialect ISO 639 30 lc30 The ISO 639 code of another dialect String optional Dialect Name 30 ld30 The name of another dialect String optional ISO 639-6 iso6 The ISO 639-6 code for the language String optional Linguist List linglist The Linguist List ISO 639-3 private or local code or other substitute, range qaa-qtz or numerals only String optional Linguist List Comment lingname Any comments on the Linguist List code String optional Linguist List 2 linglist2 An additional Linguist List code String optional Linguist List Comment 2 lingname2 An additional comment on the Linguist List code String optional Linguist List 3 linglist3 An additional Linguist List code String optional Linguist List Comment 3 lingname3 An additional comment on the Linguist List code String optional Linguasphere lingua The Linguasphere code for the language String optional Guthrie guthrie The Guthrie code for Bantu languages String optional AIATSIS aiatsis The AIATSIS code for Australian languages String optional AIATSIS Comment aiatsisname Any comments on the AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS 2 aiatsis2 An additional AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS Comment 2 aiatsisname2 An additional comment on the AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS 3 aiatsis3 An additional AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS Comment 3 aiatsisname3 An additional comment on the AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS 4 aiatsis4 An additional AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS Comment 4 aiatsisname4 An additional comment on the AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS 5 aiatsis5 An additional AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS Comment 5 aiatsisname5 An additional comment on the AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS 6 aiatsis6 An additional AIATSIS code String optional AIATSIS Comment 6 aiatsisname6 An additional comment on the AIATSIS code String optional IETF ietf IETF language tag String optional Image image The image to display at the top of the infobox, in the format 'image name.png' without 'File:' or brackets String optional Image Size imagesize Overrides the default image size, using units of 'px' or 'em' String optional Image Alt Text imagealt The alt (hover) text for the image String optional Image Caption imagecaption A caption to display under the image String optional Image Header imageheader A brief header for the image to display in the left hand column String optional Map map The image to display at the bottom of the infobox, in the format 'image name.png' without 'File:' or brackets String optional Map Size mapsize Overrides the default image size for the map, using units of 'px' or 'em' String optional Map Alt Text mapalt The alt (hover) text for the map String optional Map Caption mapcaption A caption to display under the map String optional Map 2 map2 A second map to display at the bottom of the infobox, in the format 'image name.png' without 'File:' or brackets String optional Map Alt Text 2 mapalt2 The alt (hover) text the second map String optional Map Caption 2 mapcaption2 A caption to display under both maps String optional Infobox Size boxsize Overrides the default width of the infobox, using units of 'px' or 'em' (it automatically expands to fit images wider than the default width) String optional IPA Notice notice Set to 'IPA' or 'ipa' to display a notice that the article contains special IPA phonetic symbols String optional

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