Kamany

Kamany [kamani], officially the Republic of Kamany is a landlocked country located in central Europe. It borders France to its west, Bade to its northwest, Ernaf and Luxemburg to its north, Korterzag and Vrdinska to its northeast, Ruthenia to its east, Slovenia to its southeast, Bosnia to its south and the Latin Republic to its southwest. Kamany is home to 21,8 million people, of whom 4,3 million live in the region of Kama, its capital. With an area of 186 927 square kilometres Kamany is not considered as a large country.

History

Antiquity

Kamany was inhabited by Celtic tribes 3200 years ago in the north and Truscian tribes in the south. Truscians developed between the 9th and 3rd century BC developed an agricultural civilization organised around independent kingdoms and civitas. The most famous, Vali, is home now to numerous archaeological discoveries. Celts in the north thrived around small villages and organised an intense trade between northern tribes and Truscians.

The Latin republic, originating from today Latin Republic, conquered the south of Kamany during the 3rd century BC. From 280 to 250 Rome won battles against local civitas and Truscans kingdoms. Celts in the north were conquered in the 1st century BC during the Celtic wars.

Romans rapidly established a network of roads and trade cities around the new provinces, Kanoj (Castra Batavar) and Kama (Comum) were founded by Roman merchants. The south of Kamany was administrated by the province of Panonia and the north was shared between the province of Raetia in the west and Noricum in the east. Romans, Truscans and Celts melted into a unique culture throughout this period; historians call this culture protokamanian or toscavian. Latin language slowly replaced Truscan and Celtic languages and people spoke an ancient version of ladino from the 5th century. Only a small part of the territory, in the east has been lost by Romans in the 1st century AD, in this part of the country, agricultural communities established small tribal kingdoms, such as the mythical Krak around present day Krakow.

Romans after the 3rd century lost a great part of their stability and the Empire started to become threatened by neighbouring tribes. Pescavians and Samarians launch military campaigns and raids towards toscavian cities; La Ventana (Durovigutum), and Belmondo (Aquae Mae) are both totally sacked in the late 4th century. At this time, Christianity develops in cities and extends to rural areas towards the end of 5th century. From this period, local landlords extend their power and establish romanized and ephemeral kingdoms in northern Kamany. The south is more prosperous and not affected before the great wars of the late 5th century. During these wars the last roman administrators leave power, roman armies are dismantled, and trade is dramatically reduced. Between the 6th and 9th centuries, these kingdoms continue to function under old Roman laws and traditions. Populations leave cities and feudalism emerged in this period.

Middle Ages

In the late 8th century the king of Galians (current France, west of Kamany), Desiderius, extends his kingdoms towards the east. He conquers vast territories in Kamany and annexes cities like Kama, La Ventana and Kanoj. After the treaty of Roviera (Rouvières in France) the Empire is divided between his four sons: Frankia in the west with, Campania in the north (north of Kamany), Caroz in the east (centre and east of Kamany) and Lombaria in the south (south of Kamany and norther Bosnia). The king of Caroz, Paulus the first, merges with Campania and Lombaria. During the 9th and 10th centuries, Paulian kings (descendants of Paulus) loosen their power and local lords (domini) become more and more influent. Notwithstanding this fact, Paulian kings keep their status of Defender of the Faith guaranteed by the Pope.

Despite regular tensions between lords (domini), between the 10th and 14th centuries trade thrives, especially along Fly River and the east-west corridor. Cities develop and population doubles during this time (from 2 to 4 million people). Local states, such as Erestakama in the west, Lombaria in the south, and Galicia in the east become fully independent by the end of the 13th century. A network of independence city-states (Kama, La Ventana, Genoa, Leij and Luanda) gains autonomy with negotiated charts at this time. In these city-states local craftsmen organise themselves in guilds and an emerging bourgeoisie working in banking and trade gains more and more power. By the 15th century, city-states are ruled by councils of local bourgeois and craftsmen; these councils elected a chief magistrate and leader called Dogo (from latin Dux) in Kama or Burgomaster (master of town) in Genoa. This organisation and trade allow arts and culture to develop in Kamany.

Modern times

During the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century the kingdom of Caroz, ruled by the Defender of the Faith extends its territory through marital unions and purchases of land; Grimaldis originating from Sant Sebastian rule this kingdom. Between 1525 and 1640 the kingdom triples its size and becomes one of the most influent powers in the region; only France in the west, England in the north and Ruthenia in the east are more powerful. Thanks to this period of peace, called European Renew, Kamanian merchants and artists travel from cities to cities and develop scientific knowledge.

The famous king Francesco Grimaldi, reigning from 1583 to 1625, surrounds himself with scholars and founds the Academy of Sciences of Kanoj. Nicknamed the Wise King he sends expeditions towards newly discovered lands across the Atlantic. Under Grimaldis’ name four colonies are founded in central and northern America.

With the development of sciences and an increasing enrichment of clergy, new religious ideas emerge. Protestantism and Calvinism spread in the north east of the country. This expansion leads to an increasing number of local uprisings and confrontations between local princes and newly established religious powers by the middle of the 17th century.

After Bosnia during the 15th century, the extreme south of Kamany is conquered by the Ottomans. Ottomans build fortresses along their northern border. These castles, mostly reconstructed from medieval ruins are still visible in the region of Algecira and the Valley of Murcia River. Ottomans respect local customs and religion but an important number on inhabitants convert to islam, especially to Bektashi Order. Ottomans, leaded by Kara Mustafa Pasha, are stopped in 1683 by armies of the Duke of Galicia, Jan Sobieski and Leopoldo Grimaldi of Caroz at the Pass of Fontana de Usagre.

Turning period of the 17th and 18th centuries

Confident enough after his victory of Fontana de Usagre in 1683, Leopoldo Grimaldi, a staunch proponent of Counter-Reformation, attempts a coup to repress Protestants in the city of Cartego in 1685. In reaction, protestant nobles of Cartego and northern cities of Kamany led ferocious protests: catholic monasteries are burned and Grimaldis’ mercenaries are attacked. The reaction of Leopoldo Grimaldi, the dispatch of troops in the region, headed to wider conflicts and the beginning of Protesting Wars. From 1685 to 1701 Protestant city-states and kingdoms on one hand and catholic ones on the other hand fight each other. The war ends with the Treaty of Benisola signed in April 1701. This treaty rehabilitates freedom of cult in all Kamanian principalities and kingdoms.

Consequences of Protesting Wars affect Kamany during the beginning of the 18th century. Indeed rural areas were heavily affected by raids and cities by sieges. In the meanwhile, an epidemic of plague, probably accentuated by famines and cold winters, kills 200 000 people in 1732-1733. This period of troubles was also marked regular uprisings, such as the Great Uprising of Campania of 1744. This era, from the beginning of the war in 1685 and the last uprisings in 1748, is called the Time of Despair by historians.

The context is also difficult for other regional powers. France and England are on bad terms because of colonial conflicts, religious influence of Jesuits in southern England and tensions around fisheries. The United Kingdom of Latin States and the Ottomans have fought for decades and are getting poorer because of these wars and an increasing distance from new trade routes. In the east, Ruthenia is eager to integrate the rich Duchy of Galicia and have a direct access to rich Korterzag harbours. Anna Maria Grimaldi, Defender of the Faith and new king of Caroz since 1740 and Kamanian nobles impatient to restore their credibility attack Ruthenia in September 1757 in order to protect the Duchy of Galicia. This attack is a complete disaster and starts the Great European War. This war opposes two sides: Kamanian states by Caroz with Galicia, England and Portugal with France, Ruthenia and the United Kingdom of Latin States. Caroz and its allies win the war in 1763, this strengthens the power of Grimaldis, England, Portugal and proximity between Kamanian states.

At the end of the 18th century Kamanian states are closer than ever. They are united by military and trade alliances led by the kingdom of Caroz, the Duchy of Galicia and rich city-states of Kama and Genoa.