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| {{Infobox country
| | [[Hispaniola|Hispaniola]] also known as [[Hispaniola (U.S. state)|State of Hispaniola]] is a US state located in the Caribbean, occupying 1/3 of the island of Hispaniola and the the Magdalena Archipelago in the the Greater Antilles island chain. It shares no land borders, but shares maritime borders with Puerto Rico to the east, the nations of Jamaica and Mineralta and the State Cuba to the west, and the state of the Bahamas to the north. Hispaniola is one of only six US states where Spanish is an official second language (the others being Pantanosa, [[Marchena]], Panama, Cuba, and Puerto Rico) and one of four US states where a creole is an official second language (the others being , and [[Benirdoba]]. |
| |conventional_long_name = Socialist Republic of Hispaniola
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| |native_name = {{native name|es|República Socialista de Hispaniola}} | |
| |common_name = Hispaniola
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| |image_flag = File:1stTropicanRepublicFlag.png
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| |alt_flag = <!--alt text for flag (text shown when pointer hovers over flag)-->
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| |image_flag2 = <!--e.g. Second-flag of country.svg-->
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| |alt_flag2 = <!--alt text for second flag-->
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| |image_coat = <!--e.g. Coat of arms of country.svg--> | |
| |alt_coat = <!--alt text for coat of arms-->
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| |national_motto = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
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| |national_anthem = <!--in italics (double quotemarks) and wikilinked if link exists-->
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| |image_map = <!--e.g. LocationCountry.svg-->
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| |alt_map = <!--alt text for map-->
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| |map_caption = <!--Caption to place below map-->
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| |image_map2 = <!--Another map, if required-->
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| |alt_map2 = <!--alt text for second map-->
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| |map_caption2 = <!--Caption to place below second map-->
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| |capital = Cabana
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| |largest_city = Cabana
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| |official_languages = [[Hispaniolan Spanish|Spanish]]
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| |national_languages = <!--Country/territory-wide languages recognised but not necessarily in country/territory-wide law, etc-->
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| |regional_languages = <!--Languages recognised or associated with particular regions within the country/territory-->
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| |ethnic_groups =
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| |ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided) or use to place a <ref>-->
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| |demonym = Hispaniolan
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| |government_type = Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
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| |leader_title1 = First Secretary and President
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| |leader_name1 = Guillem Del Toro
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| |leader_title2 = Vice President
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| |leader_name2 = Salvador Carvallo
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| |leader_title3 = Prime Minster
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| |leader_name3 = Christopher Rodríguez
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| |leader_title4 = President of the People's National Assembly
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| |leader_name4 = Valentín Montenegro
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| |legislature = [[People's National Assembly]]
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| |sovereignty_type = Independence [from Spain]
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| |established_event1 = Declared
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| |established_date1 = March 1st 2021
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| |established_event2 = Admitted to the United Nations
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| |established_date2 = N/A
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| |established_event2 = Commuism
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| |established_date2 = N/A
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| |area = <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)-->
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| |population_estimate =
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| |population_estimate_year =
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| |population_census_year =
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| |population_density_km2 =
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| |GDP_nominal_per_capita =
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| |HDI = <!--(Human Development Index; input number only; valid values are between 0 and 1)-->
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| |HDI_year =
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| |currency = <!--Name/s of currency/ies used in country/territory-->
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| |time_zone = <!--e.g. GMT, PST, AST, etc, etc (wikilinked if possible)-->
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| |utc_offset = <!--in the form "+N", where N is number of hours offset-->
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| |date_format = <!--numeric dates (dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy.mm.dd, etc) plus era (CE, AD, AH, etc)-->
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| |drives_on = <!--"right" or "left" (side of road)-->
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| |cctld = <!--Internet country code top-level domain identifier (e.g. [[.br]], [[.de]], etc)
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| |calling_code = <!--e.g. [[+1]], [[+531]], [[+44]], etc-->
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| }}
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| [[Hispaniola]], officially the [[Hispaniola|Socialist Republic of Hispaniola]], is a nation located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the midde five-eighths of the island, which it shares with Tropico and and the U.S. state of [[Marchena]], making it one of only three Caribbean islands, along with Hispaniola and Saint Martin, that are shared by two sovereign states.
| | Dominica was admitted to the Union as the ??th state on February 9, 1903, and it holds a special place in the history of the Americas as the landing site for Christopher Columbus during his historic trip in 1492, as well as the first permanent European settlement in the New World (with the current state capital and largest city of Santo Domingo being established in 1496). It was ruled by the Spanish for centuries until it gained independence for the first time in late 1821, after which it was subjected to a cruel Haitian occupation from 1822 until 1844. Disaregemnets ended up spitting ito two - the Dominican Republic and the Republic of Quisqueya. |
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| During the nineteenth century, Hispaniolans were often at war, fighting the French, Tropicans, Spanish, British, Americans, Grenadians, or amongst themselves, resulting in a society heavily influenced by military strongmen, who ruled the country as if it were their personal kingdom. after victory in the Dominican War of Independence. Over the next 72 years, the Dominican Republic experienced mostly internal conflicts, several failed invasions by its neighbour, Tropico (which was under British control at the time), and brief return to Spanish colonial status, before permanently ousting the Spanish during the Dominican War of Restoration of 1863–1865. The United States occupied the country between 1915 and 1927; a subsequent calm and prosperous five-year period under Horacio Vásquez followed. From 1932 the dictatorship of Rafael Leónidas Trujillo ruled until 1962. Open corruption and oppression under Trujillo's rule led to his ousting in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement, which afterwards established communist rule under the leadership of Manuel Allende. Since 1965, the state has been governed by the Communist Party of Marchena. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and a nuclear war nearly broke out during the Hispaniolian-Ainuria Missile Crisis of 1962. Hispaniola is one of a few extant Marxist–Leninist socialist states, where the role of the vanguard Communist Party is enshrined in the Constitution.
| | In the early 1860s, when then-President Pedro Santana returned the Republic of Dominica's status to that of a Spanish colony, Spain was able to re-establish control over the embryonic republic for a brief period (it remains the only sovereign nation, current or former, to do so). Spain abandoned the island in 1865 after just four years of administration, two of which were spent battling a resistance movement. |
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| Hispaniola is a founding member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, ALBA, the Organization of American States and the Greater Latin American Co-Prosperity Sphere. It has currently one of the world's only planned economies, and its economy is dominated by the tourism industry and the exports of skilled labor, sugar, tobacco, and coffee. Hispaniola has a single-party authoritarian regime where political opposition is not permitted. There are elections in Hispaniola but they are not democratic. Censorship of information (including limits to internet access) is extensive, and independent journalism is repressed in Hispaniola; Reporters Without Borders has characterized Marchena as one of the worst countries in the world for press freedom.
| | In 1869, Buenaventura Báez, the republic's 13th (and final) president, requested that his highly indebted nation be annexed by the United States, which would assist pay off the debt and create a naval base in Samana Bay. Ulysses S. Grant, the president of the United States, accepted Báez's offer and wrote a treaty for the annexation of Santo Domingo, which included a clause guaranteeing future statehood. Grant believed that the new territory might be utilized to resettle liberated Afo-American slaves. The pact was narrowly confirmed by the US Senate in June 1870, and the United States gained formal control of the new Dominican Territory in July, despite mixed public reaction. During the thirty-three years leading up to statehood in 1903, the United States invested millions of dollars in improving the impoverished region's infrastructure and overall standard of living. Since then, the US Navy's Atlantic Fleet has used the Samana Bay Naval Base as a regional base (along with Guantanamo in Cuba). The state would develop a mixed-race creole culture, |
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| ==History==
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| === Pre-Columbian era ===
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| === Spanish colonization and rule (1492–1898) ===
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| === Independence movements ===
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| === Republic (1902–1959) ===
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| ==== First years (1902–1925) ====
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| ==== Revolution of 1933–1940 ====
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| ==== Constitution of 1940 ====
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| ==== Coup d'état of 1952 ====
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| === Revolution and Communist party rule (1959–present) ===
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| ==Geography==
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| ===Climate===
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| ===Environment===
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| ==Politics and government==
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| === Foreign relations ===
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| === Military ===
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| === Law enforcement ===
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| === Administrative divisions ===
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| The country is subdivided into 18 provinces and one special municipality (Isla de la Juventud). These were formerly part of six larger historical provinces: Pinar del Río, Habana, Matanzas, Las Villas, Camagüey and Oriente. The present subdivisions closely resemble those of the Spanish military provinces during the Hispaniolan Wars of Independence, when the most troublesome areas were subdivided. The provinces are divided into municipalities.
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| These Provinces are then divided into Cantons which are divided into communes. As Hispaniola is a unitary state, its provinces hold little autonomy; while provinces are accorded some limited authority over public services, local roads, and sanitation, and have a limited ability to levy taxes, decisions made by provincial governments can easily be overturned by the national government. Provincial, cantonal, and communal officials are typically elected every three years.
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| 18 Provinces
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| (1st-level administrative division)
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| * Government Head: Premier & Vice Premier
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| * Legislature: Provincial Assembly
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| 135 Cantons
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| (2nd-level administrative division)
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| * Government Head: Cantonal Executive Council Chair
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| * Legislature: Cantonal Assembly
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| 10,000+ Communes
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| (3rd-level administration, urban settlements)
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| * Government Head: Communal Executive Council Chair
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| * Legislature: Communal Assembly
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| * District Commune (suburban/semi-rural)
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| * Village Commune (rural)
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| * Municipal Commune (urban)
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| === Human rights ===
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| ==Economy==
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| ===Energy===
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| ===Industry===
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| ===Infrastructure===
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| ===Transport===
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| ==Demographics==
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| ===Education===
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| ===Religion===
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| ==Culture==
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| ===Music and art===
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| ===Cuisine===
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| ===Sports===
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| | The state's economy is now exceedingly diverse, with tourism, manufacturing, and agriculture accounting for a large amount of the state's annual revenue. The tourism industry is by far the most important, with endless millions of people visiting Dominica's white sand beaches and national parks each year. |
| [[Category:ProtoTimeline]] | | [[Category:ProtoTimeline]] |
Hispaniola also known as State of Hispaniola is a US state located in the Caribbean, occupying 1/3 of the island of Hispaniola and the the Magdalena Archipelago in the the Greater Antilles island chain. It shares no land borders, but shares maritime borders with Puerto Rico to the east, the nations of Jamaica and Mineralta and the State Cuba to the west, and the state of the Bahamas to the north. Hispaniola is one of only six US states where Spanish is an official second language (the others being Pantanosa, Marchena, Panama, Cuba, and Puerto Rico) and one of four US states where a creole is an official second language (the others being , and Benirdoba.
Dominica was admitted to the Union as the ??th state on February 9, 1903, and it holds a special place in the history of the Americas as the landing site for Christopher Columbus during his historic trip in 1492, as well as the first permanent European settlement in the New World (with the current state capital and largest city of Santo Domingo being established in 1496). It was ruled by the Spanish for centuries until it gained independence for the first time in late 1821, after which it was subjected to a cruel Haitian occupation from 1822 until 1844. Disaregemnets ended up spitting ito two - the Dominican Republic and the Republic of Quisqueya.
In the early 1860s, when then-President Pedro Santana returned the Republic of Dominica's status to that of a Spanish colony, Spain was able to re-establish control over the embryonic republic for a brief period (it remains the only sovereign nation, current or former, to do so). Spain abandoned the island in 1865 after just four years of administration, two of which were spent battling a resistance movement.
In 1869, Buenaventura Báez, the republic's 13th (and final) president, requested that his highly indebted nation be annexed by the United States, which would assist pay off the debt and create a naval base in Samana Bay. Ulysses S. Grant, the president of the United States, accepted Báez's offer and wrote a treaty for the annexation of Santo Domingo, which included a clause guaranteeing future statehood. Grant believed that the new territory might be utilized to resettle liberated Afo-American slaves. The pact was narrowly confirmed by the US Senate in June 1870, and the United States gained formal control of the new Dominican Territory in July, despite mixed public reaction. During the thirty-three years leading up to statehood in 1903, the United States invested millions of dollars in improving the impoverished region's infrastructure and overall standard of living. Since then, the US Navy's Atlantic Fleet has used the Samana Bay Naval Base as a regional base (along with Guantanamo in Cuba). The state would develop a mixed-race creole culture,
The state's economy is now exceedingly diverse, with tourism, manufacturing, and agriculture accounting for a large amount of the state's annual revenue. The tourism industry is by far the most important, with endless millions of people visiting Dominica's white sand beaches and national parks each year.