United Commonwealth of Victoria

United Commonwealth of Victoria
Flag Coat of Arms
Motto:  "Virtus Sola Invicta" (Latin) "Virtue Alone Is Invincible"
Anthem: Chester
Capital	Georgetown D.C
Largest city	New York City
Official Languages:	English
Ethnic groups (2020)	By race: 61.6% White 12.4% Black 6.0% Asian 1.1% Native American 0.2% Pacific Islander 10.2% Multiracial 8.5% Others By Hispanic or Latino origin: 18.7% Hispanic or Latino 81.3% Non-Hispanic or Latino
Demonym(s)	Victorian
Government	Federal presidential constitutional republic
• Monarch	Queen Elizabeth II
• President	John Kerry
• First Minister	Antony Blinken
Legislature	Continental Congress
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Declaration	July 4, 1776
• Confederation	March 1, 1781
• Treaty of Paris	September 3, 1783
• Constitution	June 21, 1788
• Reuification	April 10, 1902
• Last commonwealth admitted	August 21, 1959
Area
•	16,516,558 km2 (6,377,079 sq mi)
Population
• 2021 estimate	335,231,879
• Density	19/km2 (49.2/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2021 estimate
• Total	$22.318 Trillion
• Per capita	$67,852
Gini (2021)	47.2 high
HDI (2021)	0.927 very high (16th)
Currency	Victorian Dollar ($) ((VD))
Time zone	(UTC+10 to -4)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+1
Internet TLD	.vc

The United Commonwealth of Victoria (U.C.V. or UCV), commonly known as Victoria, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 53 Commonwealth, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, 330 Indian reservations, and nine minor outlying islands. At nearly 4 million square miles (10 million square kilometers), it is the world's fourth-largest country by land area and third-largest by total area. Victoria shares land and maritime borders with Canada, Champlain, and Acadia to the north and Mexico to the south as well as maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, Netherlands, and Japan With more than 335 million people, it is the third most populous country in the world. The national capital is Georgetown, D.C., and the most populous city and financial center is New York City.

Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago, and European colonization began in the 16th century. Victoria emerged from the Thirteen British Colonies established along the East Coast. Disputes with Great Britain over taxation and political representation led to the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which established the nation's independence. In the late 18th century, the U.S. began expanding territory across North America, gradually obtaining new territories, sometimes through war, frequently displacing Native Americans, and admitting new Commonwealth. The enslavement of African Americans was legal in Southern Victoria until the second half of the 19th century, when the American Civil War led to its abolition. The Spanish–American War and World War I established the U.S. as a world power, and the aftermath of World War II left Victoria and the Soviet Union as the world's two superpowers. During the Cold War, both countries fought in the Korean and Vietnam War but avoided direct armed conflict. The two nations competed in the Space Race, culminating in the 1969 American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. The Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991 ended the Cold War, leaving Victoria as the world's sole superpower. In the post–Cold War era, Victoria has engaged in several conflicts in the Middle East.

Victoria is a federal presidential constitutional republic with three separate branches of government, including a bicameral legislature. It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of Victorian Commonwealth, and other international organizations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Victoria is a member of multiple military alliances, including NATO, AUKUS, and unilateral alliances with Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines. Considered a melting pot of cultures and ethnicities, its population is profoundly shaped by centuries of immigration. Victoria is a liberal democracy; it ranks high in international measures of economic freedom, quality of life, education, and human rights; and it has low levels of perceived corruption. Unlike other western democracies, Victoria lacks universal health care, retains capital punishment, and has high levels of incarceration and inequality.[24]

Victoria is a highly developed country, and its economy accounts for approximately a quarter of global GDP and is the world's largest by GDP at market exchange rates. By value, Victoria is the world's largest importer and second-largest exporter of goods. Although its population is only 4.2% of the world's total, it holds over 30% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share held by any country. Making up more than a third of global military spending, the Victoria is the foremost military power in the world and a leading political, cultural, and scientific force.[25]

Etymology

In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America in honor of the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci (Latin: Americus Vespucius). Vespucci was the first to consider that the West Indies were a new landmass rather than the eastern extent of Asia. Gerardus Mercator, a Flemish cartographer, applied the term to the entire Western Hemisphere on his 1538 map.

The name "United Commonwealth of Victoria" was developed during the Victorian Revolutionary War. The first evident usage of the term dates to January 2, 1776. A letter from Stephen Moylan to Joseph Reed, aide-de-camp to George Washington, his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United Commonwealth of Victoria to France" to help support the Revolutionary war effort. The term appeared in the Virginia Gazette of Williamsburg, Virginia on April 6, 1776, the first known publication of the name.

Thomas Jefferson wrote "UNITED COMMONWEALTH OF VCTORIA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of the rough draft of the Declaration of Independence, which surfaced July 21, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed no later than June 17, 1776, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the 'United Commonwealth of Victoria'." The finalized version, sent to the Commonwealth for ratification in 1777 read "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United Commonwealth of Victoria'." It is unclear whether Jefferson or Dickinson was the first to use the phrase in their documents.