German Federation: Difference between revisions

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|demonym =            German
|demonym =            German
|government_type =    {{wp|Federal monarchy|Federal}} {{wp|Constitutional monarchy|semi-constitutional}} {{wp|parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wp|diarchy}} (1866 - 1918)  
|government_type =    {{wp|Federal monarchy|Federal}} {{wp|Constitutional monarchy|semi-constitutional}} {{wp|parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wp|diarchy}} (1866 - 1918)  
|leader_title1 = {{wp|King-Emperor-Kaiser}} of Germany & [[Austrian Empire (Deutscher Bund|Austria]]
|leader_title1 = {{wp|King-Emperor-Kaiser}} of Germany & [[Austrian Empire (Deutscher Bund)|Austria]]
|leader_name1 = {{plainlist|
|leader_name1 = {{plainlist|
* '''First:''' {{wp|Franz Joseph I of Austria}}
* '''First:''' {{wp|Franz Joseph I of Austria}}

Revision as of 20:54, 23 August 2022

German Federation
Deutscher Bund (German)
1850–1918
Motto: Sein Vaterland muss größer sein!
Anthem: Hymne der Deutschen
MediaPlayer.png
"Hymn of the Germans"
The territory of the German Federation throughout its existence. Austrian-controlled lands outside the federation are shown in light green.
The territory of the German Federation throughout its existence. Austrian-controlled lands outside the federation are shown in light green.
CapitalMultiple
Largest cityBerlin
Official languagesGerman
Common languagesPolish, Czech, Italian, Slovenian, French, Sorbian
Demonym(s)German
GovernmentFederal semi-constitutional parliamentary diarchy (1866 - 1918)
• King-Emperor-Kaiser of Germany & Austria
• King-Emperor of Germany and Prussia
LegislatureBundestag
Formation and History
History 
8 June, 1815
12 January 1848 - 4 October 1849
February 1848 - July 1849
• Frankfurt Constitution and the establishment of the German Empire
28 March, 1849
• Second Frankfurt Constitution & proclamation of the German Federation
20 March, 1850
• Prussia joins the German Federation
22 July, 1866
1881
• Assassination of Wilhelm II of Prussia
1912
1912 - 1918
• Dissolution into the North German Federation and South German Federation
11 November, 1918
• Established
20 March 1850
• Dissolution
11 November 1918
CurrencyVereinsthaler
ISO 3166 codeDE
Preceded by
File:File:Wappen Deutscher Bund.svg [[German Confederation|German Confederation]]

The German Federation, informally called the German Empire or as Germany, was a German-dominated nation-state in Europe from 1850 to its dissolution in 1918. Forming out of the efforts of revolutionaries across Germany, the Federation established a unified German nation under the hegemony of Austria, although with the joining of a downsized Prussia in 1866 this was later relegated to a diarchy.

Unstable even before Prussia's union with the Federation, the German Federation was an attempt to satisfy both the liberals and conservatives of Germany, resulting in a workable yet unsatisfactory solution to unification. As a federal monarchy, its members maintained limited control over their lands and retained their monarchies, though ultimate authority lied with Prussia and Austria, whose rulers were titled King-Emperor and King-Emperor-Kaiser respectively. Conflicts between the catholic Austria and the protestant Prussia led to instability in the Federation, reaching an unbearable high in the early 20th century with the rule of Wilhelm II in Prussia.

The German Federation participated in the Scramble for Africa, colonizing areas of modern day East Africa as well as modern day Lower Volta, its colonies however would shortly after the Europakrieg be partitioned among France and the United Kingdom. Germany's entrance into the Europakrieg would lead to its dissolution by the hands of the Entente and its partition.

Name & Terminology

The official name of the Federation in German was Deutscher Bund, synonymous with the German name for the preceding German Confederation. Popularly though unofficially, Germany during this time was referred to as the Deutscher Bundesreich to distinguish itself from the German Confederation. Other popular names include Großdeutschland (lit. "Greater Germany"), and Deutscher Bundesland (German Federal State / "Federal State of Germany")

Formation

German Revolutions of 1848

1850 Compromise

Initial years

1866 and the Austro-Prussian War

Accession of Prussia

Colonization of Africa

The Powderkeg

Europakrieg

Final years and dissolution

Politics

K.U.K of Prussia and Austria

System of Government