Manjugurun: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox country | |||
|conventional_long_name = Republic of Manjugurun | |||
|native_name = Манҗу Гурун<br />{{MongolUnicode|ᠠᠨᠵᡠ}} {{MongolUnicode|ᡬᡠᡵᡠᠨ}} | |||
|common_name = Manjugurun | |||
|image_flag = Flag of Manchukuo.svg | |||
|image_coat = File:Jakvn_gvsa.svg | |||
|symbol_type = Emblem | |||
|image_map = Manchu State.png | |||
|map_caption = location of Manchuria in '''green''' | |||
|national_motto = | |||
|national_anthem = {{unbulleted list |[[National Anthem of Manchukuo|Манжу Гурун-и Учун]]<br />{{transl|mnc|''Manju Gurun-i Ucun''}}<br />{{small|''National anthem of Manchuria''}}}}<br /><center>[[File:Manchukuo National Anthem 1933.mid]]</center> | |||
|official_languages = [[Manchu language|Manchu]] (official and national), [[Kyowa-go]], [[Mandarin]], [[Russian]], [[Korean]], [[Japanese]], [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]] | |||
|languages_type = [[Official script]]s | |||
|languages = [[Xibe language|Manchu Cyrillic]]<br />[[Manchu script]] | |||
|ethnic_groups = | |||
{{unbulleted list | |||
| 44% [[Manchus]] | |||
| 38% [[Chinese|Nikan]] | |||
| 9% [[Koreans]] | |||
| 3% [[Mongols]] | |||
| 2% [[Russians]] | |||
|1.7% [[Japanese]] | |||
|2.3% [[others]] | |||
}} | |||
|ethnic_groups_year = 2010 | |||
|demonym = {{hlist |[[Manchu]] |Manchurian{{Ref label|b|b}} }} | |||
|capital = [[Changchun|Cacungga]]{{Ref label|a|a}} | |||
|coordinates = {{coord|43|15|N|125|19|E|scale:20000000_source:GNS|display=title}} | |||
|largest_city = [[Mukden]] | |||
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|parliamentary]]}} [[state]] | |||
|leader_title1 = [[President]] | |||
|leader_name1 = [[Bai Chunli|Baigiya Dorolon]] | |||
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister]] | |||
|leader_name2 = [[:zh:齐续春|Citela Sucun]] | |||
|legislature = [[National Assembly]] | |||
|area_rank = 18th | |||
|area_km2 = 1,260,000 | |||
|area_sq_mi = <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | |||
|percent_water = 5.4 | |||
|population_estimate =121,163,770 | |||
|population_estimate_year = 2017 | |||
|population_estimate_rank = 134th | |||
|population_density_km2 = 96.1 | |||
|population_density_sq_mi = 248.9 | |||
|population_density_rank = 67th | |||
|GDP_PPP_year = 2019 | |||
|GDP_PPP = $4.50 trillion | |||
|GDP_PPP_rank = | |||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37,084 | |||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | |||
|GDP_nominal = $4.06 trillion | |||
|GDP_nominal_year = 2019 | |||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $33,493 | |||
|Gini_year = 2013 | |||
|Gini_change = <!-- increase/decrease/steady --> | |||
|Gini = 36.5 <!-- number only --> | |||
|Gini_rank = | |||
|HDI_year = 2015 | |||
|HDI_change = increase <!-- increase/decrease/steady --> | |||
|HDI = 0.765 <!-- number only, between 0 and 1 --> | |||
|HDI_ref = | |||
|HDI_rank = | |||
|sovereignty_type = [[History of Manchuria|Formation]] | |||
|established_event1 = [[Jurchen Empire]] | |||
|established_date1 = formed 1115 | |||
|established_event2 = [[Qing Empire]] | |||
|established_date2 = formed 1636 | |||
|established_event3 = [[Manchukuo]] | |||
|established_date3 = 1932 | |||
|established_event4 = [[Mongolian People's Republic|Manchurian People's Republic]] was established | |||
|established_date4 = February 1, 1946 | |||
|established_event5 = Sorghum Revolution | |||
|established_date5 = October 3, 1990 | |||
|established_event6 = [[Constitution of Mongolia|Current Constitution]] | |||
|established_date6 = March 1, 1991 | |||
|currency = [[Manchukuo yuan|Muheren]] | |||
|currency_code = MNM | |||
|time_zone = <!-- [[Asia/Seoul||KST]] (Manchurian Standard Time) --> | |||
|utc_offset = +9 | |||
|time_zone_DST = | |||
|utc_offset_DST = | |||
|date_format = yyyy.mm.dd ([[Common Era|CE]]) | |||
|drives_on = [[Right- and left-hand traffic#Right-hand traffic|right]] | |||
|calling_code = [[+976]] | |||
|iso3166code = MN | |||
|cctld = [[.mn|.mj]], [[.мон|.ман]] | |||
|footnote_a = {{Note|a}} Also called "Niyengnyeltu" and "Ice Hoton". | |||
}} | |||
Manjugurun is an independent state located in East Asia. It is bordered on the north by Russia, on the west by Mongolia, on the southwest by China, and on the southeast by Korea. Cacungga is the capital, and Mukden, the former capital, is the largest city. It has one of the world's largest populations, with 121,204,300 people. Manjugurun is a country formed by numerous ethnic groups such as the {{W|Xianbei|Sarpi}}, the Khitans, and the Jurchen which became the Manchus. After invading China in the 1600s, it established the Qing Dynasty until 1911. It fell under Japanese domination in 1932 and a puppet state was established there. After the Second World War, it became a Soviet satellite and after the fall of communism in 1991, it adopted representative democracy, but not without controversy. | Manjugurun is an independent state located in East Asia. It is bordered on the north by Russia, on the west by Mongolia, on the southwest by China, and on the southeast by Korea. Cacungga is the capital, and Mukden, the former capital, is the largest city. It has one of the world's largest populations, with 121,204,300 people. Manjugurun is a country formed by numerous ethnic groups such as the {{W|Xianbei|Sarpi}}, the Khitans, and the Jurchen which became the Manchus. After invading China in the 1600s, it established the Qing Dynasty until 1911. It fell under Japanese domination in 1932 and a puppet state was established there. After the Second World War, it became a Soviet satellite and after the fall of communism in 1991, it adopted representative democracy, but not without controversy. | ||
Revision as of 00:52, 16 December 2022
Republic of Manjugurun Манҗу Гурун ᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡬᡠᡵᡠᠨ | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Emblem
| |
Anthem:
| |
 location of Manchuria in green | |
| Capital | Cacungga[a] Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 492: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Largest city | Mukden |
| Official languages | Manchu (official and national), Kyowa-go, Mandarin, Russian, Korean, Japanese, Mongolian |
| Official scripts | Manchu Cyrillic Manchu script |
| Ethnic groups (2010) | |
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary state |
| Baigiya Dorolon | |
| Citela Sucun | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
| formed 1115 | |
| formed 1636 | |
| 1932 | |
• Manchurian People's Republic was established | February 1, 1946 |
• Sorghum Revolution | October 3, 1990 |
| March 1, 1991 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,260,000 km2 (490,000 sq mi) (18th) |
• Water (%) | 5.4 |
| Population | |
• 2017 estimate | 121,163,770 (134th) |
• Density | 96.1/km2 (248.9/sq mi) (67th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $4.50 trillion |
• Per capita | $37,084 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $4.06 trillion |
• Per capita | $33,493 |
| Gini (2013) | 36.5 medium |
| HDI (2015) |  0.765high |
| Currency | Muheren (MNM) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 |
| Date format | yyyy.mm.dd (CE) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +976 |
| ISO 3166 code | MN |
| Internet TLD | .mj, .ман |
| |
Manjugurun is an independent state located in East Asia. It is bordered on the north by Russia, on the west by Mongolia, on the southwest by China, and on the southeast by Korea. Cacungga is the capital, and Mukden, the former capital, is the largest city. It has one of the world's largest populations, with 121,204,300 people. Manjugurun is a country formed by numerous ethnic groups such as the Sarpi, the Khitans, and the Jurchen which became the Manchus. After invading China in the 1600s, it established the Qing Dynasty until 1911. It fell under Japanese domination in 1932 and a puppet state was established there. After the Second World War, it became a Soviet satellite and after the fall of communism in 1991, it adopted representative democracy, but not without controversy.
History
Prehistoric and ancient eras
Several ethnic groups, including the Evenki, the Nanai, the Ulchs, the Khitans, and the Jurchens, inhabited today's Manjugurun in ancient times. Several Chinese dynasties ruled over parts of Manjugurun at various times throughout the history of the Manchus, usually along the coasts. The Chinese also established tributary relationships with the tribes.
Manjugurun was also ruled by the Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Gojoseon, and Buyeo. The Korean kingdoms may feature sizable Tungusic-speaking minorities and perhaps a Tungusic aristocracy, according to Finnish scientist Juha Janhunen. The ancestors of the Jurchens were made to serve as tributaries when the Khitans of Inner Mongolia and Manchuria created the Liao kingdom, which ruled over Northern China and Manjugurun, between the tenth and eleventh centuries. The earliest organized state that arose from Manchurian territory was the Khitan empire.