Selkiö Naval Treaty

1923 Treaty on the Limitation of Naval Arms

Ten-Power Treaty
Signing of the treaty
Type	Arms control
Context	WSS
Signed	March 12, 1923 (1923-03-12)
Location	Selkiö, Rajamaa
Effective	September 27, 1923 (1923-09-27)
Expiration	1936 (1936)
Negotiators	Ceadda Cenric Chun Kyung Soo NEGOTIATOR NAME Genki Hamatsura Charles O'Carroll Juho Himanen NEGOTIATOR NAME Eskender Nech'i NEGOTIATOR NAME Franz Groth
Signatories	Æþelric XI Lee Hyun Chung Napoléon IV Tadamichi Ideyoshi Daniel MacDonald Jannu Ahtisaari SIGNATORY NAME Lishan Sileta SIGNATORY NAME Frederick II
Parties	Federated Fire Territories Menghe Sieuxerr Dayashina Tír Glas Rajamaan Yhdysvallat New Tyran Akeniran Serenoro Ostland

The 1923 Selkiö Naval Treaty, also known as the Ten-Power Treaty, was a treaty signed by all major parties involved in the War of Serenoran Succession, as well as a few neutral states, which agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction. It was negotiated at the Selkiö Naval Conference, held in Selkiö, Rajamaa, from December 15, 1922 (1922-12-15) to March 12, 1923 (1923-03-12). The treaty was signed by the governments of Fȳrēþel, Menghe, Sieuxerr, Dayashina, Tír Glas, Rajamaa, New Tyran, Akeniran, Serenoro, and Ostland. It predominantly limited the construction of battleships, battlecruisers, and aircraft carriers by the signatories. Other categories of warships, including cruisers, destroyers, and submarines, were not limited in quantity by the treaty, although a qualitative limit of 12,000 tons displacement was in place for the latter vessel types.

The treaty was concluded on March 12, 1923 (1923-03-12), with ratifications being exchanged in Selkiö on September 27, 1923 (1923-09-27).

Later conferences sought additional limitations of warship building, specifically for cruisers. The push for limiting cruiser proliferation was primarily brought about by escalating tensions at the end of the 1920s, and the terms for the Selkiö Naval Treaty were modified by the Avallone Amendment of 1930 (1930). However, by the mid-1930s, Dayashina and Serenoro had openly renounced the treaties, which in turn spurred other signatories to hurriedly abandon the treaty restrictions; This effectively left any further naval arms limitation impossible post 1936 (1936).

Background

In the aftermath of the War of Serenoran Succession, Dayashina possessed the worlds most powerful navy, having been largely unmolested, and in the midst of an arms race which would see Casaterran naval dominance shaken, while vying for dominance over the Helian ocean with Tír Glas.

Terms

The treaty set stringent controls on the total tonnage and construction of capital ships and aircraft carriers, as well as restrictions on the size of vessels. The tonnage limits defined by the articles of the treaty, those stipulating total tonnage, gave a strength ratio of approximately 6:6:5.5:5.5:4.5:4.5:4.5:4:3:1 for the nations; Dayashina, Tír Glas, Rajamaa, New Tyran, Ostland, Fȳrēþel, Serenoro, Menghe, Sieuxerr, and Akeniran, respectively.

The qualitative limits outlined for each vessel type are as follows:

• Capital ships, battleships and battlecruisers, were limited to 35,000 tons standard displacement and guns of no larger than 14-inch calibre; Except those vessels prescribed on a quantitative per nation basis, which may displace upto 46,000 tons and posses guns of no larger than 16.5-inches in calibre.
• Aircraft carriers