Timeline of Theodoran History

First Principality

• 1328 CE: The first Principality of Theodoro (Afthentía Póleos Theodoroús kaí Parathalassías; "Lordship of the City of Theodorous and the Parathalassias") is founded within the Byzantine Empire as a grant to the nobleman Dēmḗtrios, crowned as Prince Demetrius.
• 1453 CE: The Byzantine capital Constantinople falls to the Ottomans. The Principality falls under the dominion of Trebizond, a Byzantine rump state in north-east Anatolia.

First Serene Principality

• 1461 CE: Trebizond falls to the Ottoman Empire, leaving Theodoro as the sole Byzantine rump state. The Principality adds the word "Serene" to its Latin name, signifying its independence.
• 1463 CE: Prince Isaac II (Isaakios) of Theodoro forms an alliance with Genoa, with each agreeing to help protect Crimea from Ottoman incursions.
• 1465 CE: Thomas Palaiologos, heir to the defunct Byzantine throne, dies. His son, Andreas, offers to sell the Byzantine imperial titles and insignia to Isaac II for a modest sum. Isaac II agrees, and declares himself to be Isaac III, Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans.
• 1471 CE: Isaac III dies, and his son, Alexander, inherits his throne. Prince Alexander is never coronated as the ostensible Roman Emperor.
• 1475 CE: Ottoman forces, led by Gedik Ahmed Pasha, attack Theodoro. Combined Theodoran and Genoan forces repel his attack.
• 1479 CE: Gedik Ahmed Pasha returns, this time with a larger army. Genoa refuses to defend Theodoro.
• 1480 CE: Prince Alexander strikes a deal with the Ottomans, agreeing to ally with them and assist in their conquest of the Genoan areas of Crimea in exchange for partial independence as an Ottoman Tributary State.
• 1482 CE: The remainder of Crimea falls to the combined Ottoman-Theodoran forces.