Chatten and Leucen: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox country | {{infobox country | ||
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen | |conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen | ||
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|population_density_sq_mi = 120.4 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | |population_density_sq_mi = 120.4 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | ||
|population_density_rank = 12th <!--UN World Population Prospects--> | |population_density_rank = 12th <!--UN World Population Prospects--> | ||
|GDP_PPP = | |GDP_PPP = ₽4.881 trillion | ||
|GDP_PPP_year = 2024 | |GDP_PPP_year = 2024 | ||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = | |GDP_PPP_per_capita = ₽64,556 | ||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 5th | |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 5th | ||
|GDP_nominal = | |GDP_nominal = ₽4.233 trillion | ||
|GDP_nominal_year = 2024 | |GDP_nominal_year = 2024 | ||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = | |GDP_nominal_per_capita = ₽59,412 | ||
|sovereignty_type = Formation | |sovereignty_type = Formation | ||
|established_event1 = [[Tridetarchy | Thirteen Kingdoms period]] | |established_event1 = [[Tridetarchy | Thirteen Kingdoms period]] | ||
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|Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | |Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | ||
|Gini = 21.6 <!--number only--> | |Gini = 21.6 <!--number only--> | ||
|Gini_rank = 8th | |Gini_rank = 8th | ||
|currency = [[Leucenian Piese]] | |currency = [[Leucenian Piese]] | ||
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|calling_code = [[+115]] | |calling_code = [[+115]] | ||
|cctld = [[.chl]] | |cctld = [[.chl]] | ||
}} | |GDP_nominal_rank=7th|GDP_PPP_rank=26th|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank=21st}} | ||
'''Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen''', commonly known as the '''Northern Kingdom''', '''(NK)''' or '''Chalcain''', is an [ | '''Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen''', commonly known as the '''Northern Kingdom''', '''(NK)''' or '''Chalcain''', is an [[wikipedia:Island_country|island country]] located on northwestern [[Callys]] just off the mainland coast. It comprises two main [[wikipedia:Nation|nations]], namely [[Chatten]] and [[Leucen]], hence the name. The Northern Kingdom also includes surrounding [[wikipedia:Island|islands]] such as the [[Lannascern islands]], [[Amarincen islands]], [[Isle of Furk]], and the [[Porgynth islands]]. Collectively, the domains of the Northern Kingdom are known as the [[Chalcer Isles]]. The Northern Kingdom is surrounded by the [[Eastern Sea]], [[Lacendynn Sea]], [[Leucish Sea]], [[Elvenmann Strait]], [[Chatten Strait]], and [[Heptant Ocean]]. Meanwhile, the [[Crowergynn Sea]] separates the island of Chatten and Leucen, with the [[isle of Rustav]] located conveniently between the two islands. The Northern Kingdom shares [[wikipedia:Maritime_boundary|maritime borders]] with [[Finnon]] to the north-east, [[Helswig]] to the south-west, [[Tictland]] to the south-east, and [[Coradis]] to the south. The total area of the Northern Kingdom is 512,455 km<sup>2</sup> (197,860 square miles) with an estimated population of 115 million people as of 2023. The [[Cities of the Northern Kingdom | largest and capital city]] is [[Lomercoyne]]. | ||
[[Prehistoric human activity]] on the islands dates back to the [ | [[Prehistoric human activity]] on the islands dates back to the [[wikipedia:Quaternary_glaciation|last Ice Age]], with continuous habitation since the end of the last glacial maximum. The [[Chalcerean people]] emerged as the dominant human culture on the islands which comprises of the tribal societies, namely, [[Jotavs]], [[Porgynthish | Porgynth]], [[Corks]], [[Rwycorrts]], [[Terks|Terkish]], [[Leucish]], and [[Chattenish]], all were the precursors and founder of the later [[Thirteen Kingdoms]]. The anarchic [[Tridetarchy |Thirteen Kingdoms period]] saw the gradual unification of all kingdoms into the domain of the first [[High King]] [[Sycor I]] of [[Leucen]]. The [[Moravs]] conquered the islands of [[Chatten]] and [[Leucen]] and made it into their province, known as [[Moravian Leucenia]], until their departure from the islands in 800. Coinciding it was the arrival of the [[Sami-Finnons]], known as the [[The Deluge | Deluge]], beginning in 809 and lasted until 874. which resulted in the extinction of the Chalcerean [[House of Yrforr]] and the beginning of the rule of the Sami-Finnoan [[House of Vergork-Jonstein]]. [[Meyrism]] religion arrived in the islands when [[High King Sycor IX]]'s exiled younger brothers and recent [[Meyrism | Meyrian]] converts, [[Nymeth]] and [[Fwynth]], founded the [[Kingdom of Cowysrumbia]] in 945, then, with the military support of the [[Moravian Meyrster Church]], conquered and annexed the Kingdom of Elba and [[Kingdom of Terk]] into their territory, effectively founding the [[Kingdom of Leucen]]. | ||
Incursions of the remaining [[Chalcerean people | Chalcerean]] pagans convinced the [[House of Flemmes|Flemmian King]] [[King Ardewyth II|Ardewyth II]] to launch several invasions into the northern lands, culminating into the [[Wars of the Daggers]] resulting in Leucish victory. [[Northern Occupation | The lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were occupied]] while [[Rwycorr]], land of the Rwycorrts, were[[1213 Annexation of Rwycorr | annexed directly into Leucen]] through the signing of the [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]], creating the [[Kingdom of Great Chalcain]]. The [[Acts of Unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]] were signed by [[King Dravid II]] as a response to the economic instability caused by the [[Finnons | Finnonian raids]] to the kingless[[Kingdom of the Chattenes | Kingdom of Chatten]], creating the current Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen. The Northern Kingdom held only a few islands and atolls, The [[Finnon-Leucenian Treaty of the Outlying Islands 1978]] were signed between the Northern Kingdom and the Finnon with the Northern Kingdom receiving the islands of Porgynth, Lannascern, Amarincen, and Furk. | Incursions of the remaining[[Chalcerean people | Chalcerean]] pagans convinced the [[House of Flemmes|Flemmian King]] [[King Ardewyth II|Ardewyth II]] to launch several invasions into the northern lands, culminating into the [[Wars of the Daggers]] resulting in Leucish victory. [[Northern Occupation | The lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were occupied]] while [[Rwycorr]], land of the Rwycorrts, were[[1213 Annexation of Rwycorr | annexed directly into Leucen]] through the signing of the [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]], creating the [[Kingdom of Great Chalcain]]. The [[Acts of Unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]] were signed by [[King Dravid II]] as a response to the economic instability caused by the [[Finnons | Finnonian raids]] to the kingless[[Kingdom of the Chattenes | Kingdom of Chatten]], creating the current Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen. The Northern Kingdom held only a few islands and atolls, The [[Finnon-Leucenian Treaty of the Outlying Islands 1978]] were signed between the Northern Kingdom and the Finnon with the Northern Kingdom receiving the islands of Porgynth, Lannascern, Amarincen, and Furk. | ||
The Northern Kingdom is a [ | The Northern Kingdom is a [[wikipedia:Constitutional_monarchy|constitutional monarchy]] and a [[wikipedia:Federated_state|federal]] [[wikipedia:Parliamentary_system|parliamentary democracy]]. The Northern Kingdom has two countries, Chatten and Leucen, each subdivided into regional divisions called [[Cumberdoeships]]. The cumberdoeships of Chatten, and the cumberdoeships of Leucen except for Rwycorr, [[Porgynth]], [[Jotav]], and [[Osteria]], is administered by devolved government institutions called [[Councils]] which has its own legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The Northern Kingdom's capital and largest city is [[Lomercoyne]], and its surrounding urban area is the largest in Callys. Other major cities with large surrounding urban area includes [[Mowycen]], [[Pownys]], [[Cumbershyre]], [[City of Lech]], [[Sark]], [[Varnyconne]], [[Shalcyr]], [[Courcamyron]], and [[Malwenydd]]. | ||
==Etymology and terminology== | ==Etymology and terminology == | ||
The [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr|Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]] declared that the Second Kingdom of Leucen should be named "The Kingdom of Great Chalcain" despite the fact that the lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were only occupied and are not annexed into the kingdom. The term "[[Great Chalcain]]" refers to the islands of Leucen, its constituent regions, and its surrounding islands. When Chatten was incorporated into Great Chalcain by the signing of the [[Acts of unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]], the [[Council of Elders]] held an executive referendum that resulted in name change of the Northern Kingdom into the "Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen" by 1501. | The [[Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr|Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213]] declared that the Second Kingdom of Leucen should be named "The Kingdom of Great Chalcain" despite the fact that the lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were only occupied and are not annexed into the kingdom. The term "[[Great Chalcain]]" refers to the islands of Leucen, its constituent regions, and its surrounding islands. When Chatten was incorporated into Great Chalcain by the signing of the [[Acts of unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487]], the [[Council of Elders]] held an executive referendum that resulted in name change of the Northern Kingdom into the "Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen" by 1501. | ||
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The adjective "Chalcish" is commonly used to refer to the matters relating to the Northern Kingdom and is also used by law to refer to the nationality and citizenship of the people of the Northern Kingdom. Aside from this, however, people might use other ethnic adjectives such as [[Leucish]], [[Rwycorrts]], [[Chattenish]], [[Terkish]], [[Porgynthish]],[[Jotavs | Jotavish]], or[[Corks | Corkish]] to describe their ethnic heritage. | The adjective "Chalcish" is commonly used to refer to the matters relating to the Northern Kingdom and is also used by law to refer to the nationality and citizenship of the people of the Northern Kingdom. Aside from this, however, people might use other ethnic adjectives such as [[Leucish]], [[Rwycorrts]], [[Chattenish]], [[Terkish]], [[Porgynthish]],[[Jotavs | Jotavish]], or[[Corks | Corkish]] to describe their ethnic heritage. | ||
==History== | ==History == | ||
===Before the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr=== | ===Before the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr=== | ||
The [[Proto-chalcerean]] people first arrived on Chalcain Isles 41,000 years ago, settling the island in waves from [[Helswig]]. They continuously inhabited the island until 9,900 years when glacier ice retreated to the poles. By the end of the 2nd millenium BCE, another wave of human migration occurred. [[Vauns]], a tictish tribe, migrated into south-eastern Leucen and southern Terk from the present-day states of [[Vaunhein]] and [[Inner Tictland]]. Both peoples would eventually become the precursors to the [[Chalcerean people|Chalcerean people.]] The Chalcerean people would ultimately be separated into two following the appearance of the [[Crowergynn Sea]] that will divide the [[Chalcain Isles]] into the island of Chatten and Leucen.[[File:Early thirteen kingdoms period.svg|left|thumb|231x231px|Early migration routes of the [[Chalcerean people]] that led to the foundation of the [[Tridetarchy|Thirteen Kingdoms.]]]] | The [[Proto-chalcerean]] people first arrived on Chalcain Isles 41,000 years ago, settling the island in waves from [[Helswig]]. They continuously inhabited the island until 9,900 years when glacier ice retreated to the poles. By the end of the 2nd millenium BCE, another wave of human migration occurred. [[Vauns]], a tictish tribe, migrated into south-eastern Leucen and southern Terk from the present-day states of [[Vaunhein]] and [[Inner Tictland]]. Both peoples would eventually become the precursors to the [[Chalcerean people|Chalcerean people.]] The Chalcerean people would ultimately be separated into two following the appearance of the [[Crowergynn Sea]] that will divide the [[Chalcain Isles]] into the island of Chatten and Leucen.[[File:Early thirteen kingdoms period.svg|left|thumb|231x231px|Early migration routes of the [[Chalcerean people]] that led to the foundation of the [[Tridetarchy|Thirteen Kingdoms.]]]] | ||
[[File: | [[File:Pavia- cavalieri medievali.jpg|left|thumb|Battle of Shalcyr, which results in the dissolution of the [[Confederacy of the North]]]] | ||
Before the [[Tridetarchy]], the middle Chalcerean tribes of [[Gon]], [[Urles]], and [[Poctannan]], headed by [[Lamacil]], a [[High King]], fled west into [[Two River Valley]] where they allied with [[Kingdom of Rwycorr|Rwycorr]] by 12 BCE, forming the kingdom of [[Kingdom of Cydacyll|Cydacyll]]. By the turn of the millenium, however, [[Kingdom of Leucen|Leucen]] soon emerged as the most powerful Chalcerean Kingdom in the island. The [[Terks]], the main rivals of the later [[Sami-Finnons]], settled on the south-east island of [[Island of Terk |the same name]], mingling with the already present Vauns, creating a hybrid of [[Terkish culture|Vaun-Finnon culture]] in the island. They would ultimately be included as one of the Thirteen Kingdoms as the [[Kingdom of Terk]]. By 10 CE, [[House of Tagenet|Leucish King]] [[King Weferstann|Weferstann]]'s son, [[Maverstann]], married the daughter of Terk's King [[Campugne]], [[Samerwen]], aiming to ally a powerful maritime kingdom to his side. In year 45, Incursions of the [[Lechian tribes]] into the northern kingdoms of [[Jotavs and the Hundes|Jotavs]], [[Kingdom of Rwycorr|Rwycorr]], and [[Kingdom of the Corks|Corks]] persuaded the Jotavian King [[Komaus]] to form a [[Confederation of the North|confederation]], a decision deemed unpopular yet necessary amongst the Jotavian nobility. When the [[House of Corus|Rwycorrian King]] [[Marcyn the Generous|Marcyn]] ascends to the throne in year 54, he started a [[Rwycorrian reforms|series of reforms]] which establishes the position of a High King and a small noble council known as the [[Sert]]. Initially unpopular, this new government system proves itself to be effective and soon becomes popular among the nobility. | |||
The state of [[State of Leyds|Leyds]] seceded from Cydacyll due to failed land reforms. In 98, continued Terk migrations saw the establishment of the Kingdom of [[Kingdom of Tamugnonia|Tamugnonia]] and [[Kingdom of Ostria|Ostrian city states]]. Meanwhile, northern Chattish seafarers originating from the [[Isle of Rustav]] migrated south and landed on south-western Leucen, establishing the Chattish Chalcerean kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Doyre|Doyre]] and [[Kingdom of Timmes|Timmes]]. Within these kingdoms, a distinct [[Chattish-Vaun]] culture emerges. Rising tensions between Vauns and Terkish settlers in southern Tamugnonia resulted in a [[Tamugnonia Civil War|civil war]], ending in Vaunish victory. The [[Grant Treaty]] of 100 saw [[Morctos]] of Timmes establishing [[East Timmes]] as a Timmian vassal. | The state of [[State of Leyds|Leyds]] seceded from Cydacyll due to failed land reforms. In 98, continued Terk migrations saw the establishment of the Kingdom of [[Kingdom of Tamugnonia|Tamugnonia]] and [[Kingdom of Ostria|Ostrian city states]]. Meanwhile, northern Chattish seafarers originating from the [[Isle of Rustav]] migrated south and landed on south-western Leucen, establishing the Chattish Chalcerean kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Doyre|Doyre]] and [[Kingdom of Timmes|Timmes]]. Within these kingdoms, a distinct [[Chattish-Vaun]] culture emerges. Rising tensions between Vauns and Terkish settlers in southern Tamugnonia resulted in a [[Tamugnonia Civil War|civil war]], ending in Vaunish victory. The [[Grant Treaty]] of 100 saw [[Morctos]] of Timmes establishing [[East Timmes]] as a Timmian vassal. | ||
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The Leucish Chalcerean peoples soon developed into the [[Tridetarchy|Thirteen Kingdoms]] by 115. By the turn of the 2nd century AD, the Thirteen kingdom's domain covered almost all of the island of Leucen, with the [[Midlands]], [[Lech]], and [[Ester]] remaining nomadic by the start of the 2nd Century. | The Leucish Chalcerean peoples soon developed into the [[Tridetarchy|Thirteen Kingdoms]] by 115. By the turn of the 2nd century AD, the Thirteen kingdom's domain covered almost all of the island of Leucen, with the [[Midlands]], [[Lech]], and [[Ester]] remaining nomadic by the start of the 2nd Century. | ||
Gradual unification | Gradual unification begins when [[Tumerstann]]'s daughter, [[Corwen]], was kidnapped by [[Hohenstein]], Prince-regent of Timmes, known as the [[Orchard Affairs]]. Leucen's response culminated in the [[Southern Conquests|conquest of Timmes]], which led to the abdication of the Timmish King [[Tictos|Tictos the Frail]] and the dissolution of the Kingdom. East Timmes, now an independent kingdom, was not spared by conquest. The conquest of East Timmes by Tamugnonia forced Vaunish settlers to migrate into the only remaining Vaunish Kingdom which is [[Doyre]]. In 231, [[Namarstann]] of Leucen forged an [[Alliance against Ostria|alliance]] with the Porgynths in exchange for the bounty of the Ostrian City States. The [[Ostrian Partition]] of 256 divided Ostrian into two, effectively surrounding Tamugnonia from all sides by Leucen allies. Ultimately, Leucen would [[Conquest of Tamugnonia|conquer]] Tamugnonia in 299, and [[Jaharann]] of Leucen marries the [[Monarchy of Doyre|Doyrish Queen]] [[Mifareth]], uniting both kingdoms under a single [[House of Yrforr|monarchy]]. A sizeable number of Vaunish inhabitants, finding themselves under the rule of their conquerors, fled to the Kingdom of Terk, which despite their [[Terk-Leucen Alliance|alliance]] with Leucen, is accepting of the Vauns. By 312, Leucen's domains extends all through-out the southern lands of the island. | ||
=== Moravian Conquests === | |||
In 344, the Moravian Conquest begins in the [[conquest of Helswig]]. [[Mrathmann]] of Leucen, seeing the ruthlessness of their new neighbors, allied with the Confederation of the North to protect against potential invasions from the Moravians. By 398, an assembled army led by the future [[Emperor of the Moravs|Moravian Emperor]] [[Sicador Morastus]] landed on Doyre. The Moravs invaded and sacked Terk, before moving on to the city of [[Malwenydd]], where they executed [[Punthywyn]], the last Terkish King. Following the [[Ostrian Massacre|massacre at Ostria]] on 423, [[Fryenwyn]] of Leucen and High King [[Therycor II]] mustered an army and fought in the [[Battle of Murandi]] in 431, resulting in both deaths and Moravian victory. From 435 to 456, the Moravs would conquer Leucen and Porgynth before subjugating the tribal peoples of Ester and southern Midlands. In 466, [[Moravian Conquests of the North|Cydacyll and Leyds capitulated]], giving Moravians a foothold against the Confederacy. It is said that High King [[Mycor IV]] grew paranoid after receiving the news, going so far as to enact forced conscription, including his councillors. In order to break the Confederacy, the Moravians, with the help of the Lechs, invaded the city of [[Lech]]. Cutting the confederacy into two, the Moravians quickly occupied [[Shalcyr]], dissolving the Confederacy. | |||
=== Chalcain Isles under the Moravian Empire === | |||
===Kingdom of Great Chalcain=== | ===Kingdom of Great Chalcain=== | ||
===Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen=== | ===Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen=== | ||
===Rise of the House of Bourke=== | === Rise of the House of Bourke === | ||
===Socialist Revolution=== | ===Socialist Revolution=== | ||
===World wars and the Finnon skirmishes=== | ===World wars and the Finnon skirmishes=== | ||
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===Climate=== | ===Climate=== | ||
===Topography=== | ===Topography=== | ||
== Politics== | ==Politics== | ||
===Administrative divisions=== | ===Administrative divisions=== | ||
===Devolved government institutions=== | ===Devolved government institutions=== | ||
Revision as of 13:08, 16 June 2024
 | This article is incomplete because it is pending further input from participants, or it is a work-in-progress by one author. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions. Note: To contribute to this article, you may need to seek help from the author(s) of this page. |
Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen Rechton im Chatten erd Leucen | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: "Dyvin ed Frier" "Divine and Free" | |
| Anthem: "Rumywen tour Runyn" 'Risen from ruins' | |
| Capital and largest city | Lomercoyne |
| Official languages |
|
| Regional and minority languages |
|
| National sign language | Chalcish Sign Language |
| Ethnic groups (2020) |
|
| Religion (2020) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Chalcish, Chalcs (colloquial) |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | King Bourke II |
| Saiah Dunwille | |
| Cearl Margowys | |
| Symon Parshyla | |
| Legislature | Court of Elders |
| House of Baronies | |
| Assembly of Commons | |
| Formation | |
| 8 March 115 | |
| c. 512 | |
| 1 January 809 | |
| c. 1015 - 1195 | |
| 8 June 1213 | |
| 25 November 1487 | |
| 15 July 1978 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 512,455 km2 (197,860 sq mi) (69th) |
• Water (%) | 1.3 |
| Population | |
• 2024 estimate | 115,634,195 (13th) |
• 2022/24 census | 115,112,734 |
• Density | 312/km2 (808.1/sq mi) (12th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | ₽4.881 trillion (26th) |
• Per capita | ₽64,556 (5th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | ₽4.233 trillion (7th) |
• Per capita | ₽59,412 (21st) |
| Gini (2023) |  21.6low (8th) |
| HDI (2023) |  0.955very high (11th) |
| Currency | Leucenian Piese (PIS) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 ( NWT) |
• Summer (DST) | observed |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +115 |
| Internet TLD | .chl |
Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen, commonly known as the Northern Kingdom, (NK) or Chalcain, is an island country located on northwestern Callys just off the mainland coast. It comprises two main nations, namely Chatten and Leucen, hence the name. The Northern Kingdom also includes surrounding islands such as the Lannascern islands, Amarincen islands, Isle of Furk, and the Porgynth islands. Collectively, the domains of the Northern Kingdom are known as the Chalcer Isles. The Northern Kingdom is surrounded by the Eastern Sea, Lacendynn Sea, Leucish Sea, Elvenmann Strait, Chatten Strait, and Heptant Ocean. Meanwhile, the Crowergynn Sea separates the island of Chatten and Leucen, with the isle of Rustav located conveniently between the two islands. The Northern Kingdom shares maritime borders with Finnon to the north-east, Helswig to the south-west, Tictland to the south-east, and Coradis to the south. The total area of the Northern Kingdom is 512,455 km2 (197,860 square miles) with an estimated population of 115 million people as of 2023. The largest and capital city is Lomercoyne.
Prehistoric human activity on the islands dates back to the last Ice Age, with continuous habitation since the end of the last glacial maximum. The Chalcerean people emerged as the dominant human culture on the islands which comprises of the tribal societies, namely, Jotavs, Porgynth, Corks, Rwycorrts, Terkish, Leucish, and Chattenish, all were the precursors and founder of the later Thirteen Kingdoms. The anarchic Thirteen Kingdoms period saw the gradual unification of all kingdoms into the domain of the first High King Sycor I of Leucen. The Moravs conquered the islands of Chatten and Leucen and made it into their province, known as Moravian Leucenia, until their departure from the islands in 800. Coinciding it was the arrival of the Sami-Finnons, known as the Deluge, beginning in 809 and lasted until 874. which resulted in the extinction of the Chalcerean House of Yrforr and the beginning of the rule of the Sami-Finnoan House of Vergork-Jonstein. Meyrism religion arrived in the islands when High King Sycor IX's exiled younger brothers and recent Meyrian converts, Nymeth and Fwynth, founded the Kingdom of Cowysrumbia in 945, then, with the military support of the Moravian Meyrster Church, conquered and annexed the Kingdom of Elba and Kingdom of Terk into their territory, effectively founding the Kingdom of Leucen.
Incursions of the remaining Chalcerean pagans convinced the Flemmian King Ardewyth II to launch several invasions into the northern lands, culminating into the Wars of the Daggers resulting in Leucish victory. The lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were occupied while Rwycorr, land of the Rwycorrts, were annexed directly into Leucen through the signing of the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213, creating the Kingdom of Great Chalcain. The Acts of Unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487 were signed by King Dravid II as a response to the economic instability caused by the Finnonian raids to the kingless Kingdom of Chatten, creating the current Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen. The Northern Kingdom held only a few islands and atolls, The Finnon-Leucenian Treaty of the Outlying Islands 1978 were signed between the Northern Kingdom and the Finnon with the Northern Kingdom receiving the islands of Porgynth, Lannascern, Amarincen, and Furk.
The Northern Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and a federal parliamentary democracy. The Northern Kingdom has two countries, Chatten and Leucen, each subdivided into regional divisions called Cumberdoeships. The cumberdoeships of Chatten, and the cumberdoeships of Leucen except for Rwycorr, Porgynth, Jotav, and Osteria, is administered by devolved government institutions called Councils which has its own legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The Northern Kingdom's capital and largest city is Lomercoyne, and its surrounding urban area is the largest in Callys. Other major cities with large surrounding urban area includes Mowycen, Pownys, Cumbershyre, City of Lech, Sark, Varnyconne, Shalcyr, Courcamyron, and Malwenydd.
Etymology and terminology
The Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr 1213 declared that the Second Kingdom of Leucen should be named "The Kingdom of Great Chalcain" despite the fact that the lands of the Corks, Jotavs, and the Hundes were only occupied and are not annexed into the kingdom. The term "Great Chalcain" refers to the islands of Leucen, its constituent regions, and its surrounding islands. When Chatten was incorporated into Great Chalcain by the signing of the Acts of unification between Great Chalcain and Chatten 1487, the Council of Elders held an executive referendum that resulted in name change of the Northern Kingdom into the "Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen" by 1501.
"Northern Kingdom" as a term didn't come into vocabulary use until 1935 when a Tictish journalist Hymera Vera Phon of the Strait Times wrote an article about the prevalence of monarchies in Callys. In the article, Hymera referred to the time where four great monarchies ruled over Callys, with the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen being the northern one amongst the four. Even after the Revolutions of 1876 which saw a massive upheaval of monarchies around Callys, the people, scholars, military leaders, and politicans still use the term "Northern Kingdom" as an alias to the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen to refer to it as the last surviving monarchy among the Four Monarchies and on the continent as a whole.
The term "Leucen" has become synonymous with the Great Chalcain and in general is the principal mistake people outside the Northern Kingdom always make. This is because of the dominant influence and reputation Leucen has over its fellow nations, given the fact that Leucen is the oldest among both of the Northern Kingdom's constituent nations. Leucen is also the academic and professional term scholars use during the 18th and 19th centuries when referring to the Northern Kingdom, though it later went obsolete.The Committee of Geographical Names defines "Leucen" as the name of the island that constitutes Great Chalcain, the "Kingdom of Leucen" as a historical region covering almost all of Leucen except for the regions of Rwycorr, Jotav, Lech, Ostria, and Porgynth, "Great Chalcain" as the name describing the totality of Leucen and its surrounding islands with Chatten and its jurisdiction removed, while the Kingdom of Chatten and Leucen describes the Kingdom with both Chatten and Leucen included.
The adjective "Chalcish" is commonly used to refer to the matters relating to the Northern Kingdom and is also used by law to refer to the nationality and citizenship of the people of the Northern Kingdom. Aside from this, however, people might use other ethnic adjectives such as Leucish, Rwycorrts, Chattenish, Terkish, Porgynthish, Jotavish, or Corkish to describe their ethnic heritage.
History
Before the Acts of Unification between Leucen and Rwycorr
The Proto-chalcerean people first arrived on Chalcain Isles 41,000 years ago, settling the island in waves from Helswig. They continuously inhabited the island until 9,900 years when glacier ice retreated to the poles. By the end of the 2nd millenium BCE, another wave of human migration occurred. Vauns, a tictish tribe, migrated into south-eastern Leucen and southern Terk from the present-day states of Vaunhein and Inner Tictland. Both peoples would eventually become the precursors to the Chalcerean people. The Chalcerean people would ultimately be separated into two following the appearance of the Crowergynn Sea that will divide the Chalcain Isles into the island of Chatten and Leucen.
Before the Tridetarchy, the middle Chalcerean tribes of Gon, Urles, and Poctannan, headed by Lamacil, a High King, fled west into Two River Valley where they allied with Rwycorr by 12 BCE, forming the kingdom of Cydacyll. By the turn of the millenium, however, Leucen soon emerged as the most powerful Chalcerean Kingdom in the island. The Terks, the main rivals of the later Sami-Finnons, settled on the south-east island of the same name, mingling with the already present Vauns, creating a hybrid of Vaun-Finnon culture in the island. They would ultimately be included as one of the Thirteen Kingdoms as the Kingdom of Terk. By 10 CE, Leucish King Weferstann's son, Maverstann, married the daughter of Terk's King Campugne, Samerwen, aiming to ally a powerful maritime kingdom to his side. In year 45, Incursions of the Lechian tribes into the northern kingdoms of Jotavs, Rwycorr, and Corks persuaded the Jotavian King Komaus to form a confederation, a decision deemed unpopular yet necessary amongst the Jotavian nobility. When the Rwycorrian King Marcyn ascends to the throne in year 54, he started a series of reforms which establishes the position of a High King and a small noble council known as the Sert. Initially unpopular, this new government system proves itself to be effective and soon becomes popular among the nobility.
The state of Leyds seceded from Cydacyll due to failed land reforms. In 98, continued Terk migrations saw the establishment of the Kingdom of Tamugnonia and Ostrian city states. Meanwhile, northern Chattish seafarers originating from the Isle of Rustav migrated south and landed on south-western Leucen, establishing the Chattish Chalcerean kingdoms of Doyre and Timmes. Within these kingdoms, a distinct Chattish-Vaun culture emerges. Rising tensions between Vauns and Terkish settlers in southern Tamugnonia resulted in a civil war, ending in Vaunish victory. The Grant Treaty of 100 saw Morctos of Timmes establishing East Timmes as a Timmian vassal.
The Leucish Chalcerean peoples soon developed into the Thirteen Kingdoms by 115. By the turn of the 2nd century AD, the Thirteen kingdom's domain covered almost all of the island of Leucen, with the Midlands, Lech, and Ester remaining nomadic by the start of the 2nd Century.
Gradual unification begins when Tumerstann's daughter, Corwen, was kidnapped by Hohenstein, Prince-regent of Timmes, known as the Orchard Affairs. Leucen's response culminated in the conquest of Timmes, which led to the abdication of the Timmish King Tictos the Frail and the dissolution of the Kingdom. East Timmes, now an independent kingdom, was not spared by conquest. The conquest of East Timmes by Tamugnonia forced Vaunish settlers to migrate into the only remaining Vaunish Kingdom which is Doyre. In 231, Namarstann of Leucen forged an alliance with the Porgynths in exchange for the bounty of the Ostrian City States. The Ostrian Partition of 256 divided Ostrian into two, effectively surrounding Tamugnonia from all sides by Leucen allies. Ultimately, Leucen would conquer Tamugnonia in 299, and Jaharann of Leucen marries the Doyrish Queen Mifareth, uniting both kingdoms under a single monarchy. A sizeable number of Vaunish inhabitants, finding themselves under the rule of their conquerors, fled to the Kingdom of Terk, which despite their alliance with Leucen, is accepting of the Vauns. By 312, Leucen's domains extends all through-out the southern lands of the island.
Moravian Conquests
In 344, the Moravian Conquest begins in the conquest of Helswig. Mrathmann of Leucen, seeing the ruthlessness of their new neighbors, allied with the Confederation of the North to protect against potential invasions from the Moravians. By 398, an assembled army led by the future Moravian Emperor Sicador Morastus landed on Doyre. The Moravs invaded and sacked Terk, before moving on to the city of Malwenydd, where they executed Punthywyn, the last Terkish King. Following the massacre at Ostria on 423, Fryenwyn of Leucen and High King Therycor II mustered an army and fought in the Battle of Murandi in 431, resulting in both deaths and Moravian victory. From 435 to 456, the Moravs would conquer Leucen and Porgynth before subjugating the tribal peoples of Ester and southern Midlands. In 466, Cydacyll and Leyds capitulated, giving Moravians a foothold against the Confederacy. It is said that High King Mycor IV grew paranoid after receiving the news, going so far as to enact forced conscription, including his councillors. In order to break the Confederacy, the Moravians, with the help of the Lechs, invaded the city of Lech. Cutting the confederacy into two, the Moravians quickly occupied Shalcyr, dissolving the Confederacy.