Joseon

Great Kingdom of Joseon 대 조선 왕국
Flag Coat of Arms
Motto: Let the world benefit widely 널리 세상을 이롭게 하라
Capital	Seoul
Largest city	Seoul
Official languages	Korean
Recognised national languages	Korean, English
Ethnic groups (2023)	Koreans (90.2%) Others (9.8%)
Demonym(s)	Korean(s), Joseonite(s)
Government	Constitutional Monarchy
• Empress/Emperor	Lee Dam(Empress)
• Prime Minister	Park Yohan
Legislature	National Assembly
Establishment
• Establishment of the Joseon Dynasty	1392
• Establishment of the Imperial Government	1861
• Enactment of a Democratic Constitution	1921
Population
• 2023 estimate	258,000,000
• 2023 census	258,694,397 (Total) 205,421,525(The Korean Peninsula) 10,913,661(Yuldo Special Self-Governing Authority) 34,523,416(Haeseo Special Self-Governing Authority)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	27,209,966,098,894 $ (Total) 20,951,562,520,000(The Korean Peninsula) 998,623,057,630(Yuldo Special Self-Governing Authority) 5,259,780,521,264(Haeseo Special Self-Governing Authority)
• Per capita	105,181 $
HDI (2023)	0.935 very high
Currency	Won
Time zone	UTC + 8
Date format	mm-dd-yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+82
ISO 3166 code	KR
Internet TLD	.kr

Joseon, officially the Great Kingdom of Joseon, natively 대 조선왕국 - is a constitutional monarchy nation located on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. The official language is Korean, and the capital is Seoul. It has a population of about 258 million, of which 60 million live in the metropolitan area.

Joseon was founded in 1392 when King Taejo Lee Seong-Gye overthrew the Goryeo Dynasty and established a new dynasty. In 1920, Joseon changed its political system from despotism to constitutional monarchy and held its first general election in 1921.

Joseon began to grow steadily in the 19th century and became an advanced country in Asia. In the 1960s and 1980s, it experienced a period of rapid growth, and in 1982, nominal GDP exceeded $18 trillion.

Today, Joseon is considered a powerhouse in automobile manufacturing, semiconductor manufacturing, electronic equipment manufacturing, shipbuilding, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Joseon is Asia's leading country in high-tech industries and has a huge impact on the global economy as the world's three largest economies.

Government

Main article: Government of Joseon

Joseon is a constitutional monarchy. The official head of state is the emperor, but the real executive power of internal affairs and diplomacy rests with the prime minister. The prime minister is elected by the majority of the National Assembly, and the prime minister has the power to dissolve parliament and convene a Cabinet meeting. The prime minister of Joseon can be removed by a no-confidence vote in the parliament at any time during his term of office, instead of having no limits on the second term. Also, because the National Assembly elects a prime minister again each time a new National Assembly is elected, whether a prime minister will be reappointed is related to the approval rating of the ruling party.

The National Assembly is elected through a general election held every four years. The National Assembly has the power of no confidence in the Cabinet, the right to propose bills, and the right to deliberate on the budget bill. Since the National Assembly has the power to choose a prime minister, the power is considered to be very powerful. Because of this, various systems have been put in place to check the power of the National Assembly. The administration can dissolve the National Assembly, which requires final approval from the Supreme Court. Also, a constitutional amendment must be approved by more than 60 percent of the people after a referendum. This is to prevent undemocratic constitutional amendments by the National Assembly.

The Supreme Court examines the final ruling on trials from lower courts, the dismissal of high-ranking officials, whether the dissolution of the National Assembly is unconstitutional, and whether the law is unconstitutional. Judges are appointed through appointment exams, but the chief justice and the justices are appointed with the consent of the prime minister and the National Assembly.

Society

Joseon is a country where 90% of the population is made up of only Korean descent. Therefore, the mainstream culture that dominates Joseon's culture and society is Korean culture, and most of the other ethnic groups are assimilated into Korean culture rather than maintaining their own culture.

Joseon is considered to have a high level of human rights overall, including women's rights. Women are free to get promoted without the so-called "glass ceiling" that prevents women from being promoted to society, and the socially disadvantaged, such as children and the elderly, are also free from abuse or poverty.

Also, Joseon has a small gap between rich and poor. Joseon's active welfare policies and redistribution of wealth through corporate taxes are evaluated to prevent excessive gaps between the rich and the poor from occurring and to increase the living standards of the economically vulnerable.

The education system of Joseon consists of 6 years of elementary school, 3 years of middle school, and 3 years of high school. Compulsory education is until high school, and the state pays for students' tuition and food during the compulsory education period. Elementary and middle schools adopt a system to complete courses designated by the Ministry of Education, but high schools adopt a credit system similar to universities.

Currently, there are a total of 513 universities in Joseon. Many of these are private universities, but there are at least two national universities in each region. Each province has one four-year national university and one education university, with an average of 30 universities in one province.

Joseon has 80 % of its population in cities that account for 27 % of its land area. This leads to high real estate prices in cities and suburbs. Since the real estate price problem is also linked to the quality of life of the people, the government has long intervened in the real estate market to prevent overheating but has not achieved much.

Joseon's public security is famous for being very stable. The incidence of misdemeanors, violent crimes, and the death toll from crime are all among the lowest in the world, and there is no social unrest from crime.

However, there is a controversy over privacy infringement because the ratio of CCTV to the population is high. There are 150 CCTVs per 1,000 people in Joseon, and it is estimated that there are more civilian CCTVs not included in the statistics. The high number of CCTVs increases the probability of crime being detected in advance, but at the same time, it causes personal privacy to be exposed to other people's eyes.

Foreign Relations

Main article: Foreign relations of Joseon

Military

Main article: Royal Joseon Armed Forces

Royal Joseon Armed Forces is a military organization of the Great Kingdom of Joseon. The commander-in-chief is the emperor/ empress, and the commanders, including the Ministry of Defense, are under the command of the commander-in-chief.

Joseon adopts a conscription system, which requires adult men over the age of 20 to serve in the military for one year and five months. Women can volunteer as non-commissioned officers or officers. The discharged soldiers are assigned to the reserve army for five years, and the reserve soldiers receive three days of military training a year while living as civilians. Today, the Royal Joseon Armed Force has 1.41 million active-duty soldiers and 4.64 million reservists. Joseon is considered to have a large active-duty force compared to its population, this is believed to be due to national security instability caused by the lack of smooth relations with neighboring countries since the past.

Joseon is a country that possesses strategic and tactical nuclear weapons. Since the successful joint nuclear development with France in the 1960s, Joseon has maintained many nuclear assets. Joseon's ability to operate nuclear weapons is maintained by Air Force strategic bombers and the army's ballistic missiles, centering on the navy's SSBN submarines.