Modern TNO Vietnam: Difference between revisions
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'''Vietnam''',{{efn|{{lang-vi|Việt Nam}} {{IPA|vi|vîət nāːm||Vietnam.ogg|help=no}}}}{{efn|The spelling "Viet Nam" or the full Vietnamese form "Việt Nam" is sometimes used in English by local and government-operated media. "Viet Nam" is, in fact, formally designated and recognized by the [[Government of Vietnam]], the [[United Nations]] and the [[International Organization for Standardization]] as the standardized country name. See also [[Names of Vietnam#Other spellings|other spellings]].}} officially the {{nowrap|'''Socialist Republic of Vietnam'''}},{{efn|Alternatively the ''Socialist Republic of Viet Nam'' with a different spelling}} is a country at the eastern edge of [[mainland Southeast Asia]], with an area of about {{Convert|331000|km2|sqmi}} and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's [[List of countries and dependencies by population|fifteenth-most populous country]]. One of the two [[Marxist-Leninist state|Marxist-Leninist states]] in [[Southeast Asia]],{{efn|The other one being [[Laos]]}} Vietnam shares land borders with [[China]] to the north, and [[Laos]] and [[Cambodia]] to the west. It shares [[Maritime boundary|maritime borders]] with [[Thailand]] through the [[Gulf of Thailand]], and the [[Philippines]], [[Indonesia]], and [[Malaysia]] through the [[South China Sea]]. Its capital is [[Hanoi]] and its largest city is [[Ho Chi Minh City]] (commonly known as Saigon). | '''Vietnam''',{{efn|{{lang-vi|Việt Nam}} {{IPA|vi|vîət nāːm||Vietnam.ogg|help=no}}}}{{efn|The spelling "Viet Nam" or the full Vietnamese form "Việt Nam" is sometimes used in English by local and government-operated media. "Viet Nam" is, in fact, formally designated and recognized by the [[Government of Vietnam]], the [[United Nations]] and the [[International Organization for Standardization]] as the standardized country name. See also [[Names of Vietnam#Other spellings|other spellings]].}} officially the {{nowrap|'''Socialist Republic of Vietnam'''}},{{efn|Alternatively the ''Socialist Republic of Viet Nam'' with a different spelling}} is a country at the eastern edge of [[mainland Southeast Asia]], with an area of about {{Convert|331000|km2|sqmi}} and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's [[List of countries and dependencies by population|fifteenth-most populous country]]. One of the two [[Marxist-Leninist state|Marxist-Leninist states]] in [[Southeast Asia]],{{efn|The other one being [[Laos]]}} Vietnam shares land borders with [[China]] to the north, and [[Laos]] and [[Cambodia]] to the west. It shares [[Maritime boundary|maritime borders]] with [[Thailand]] through the [[Gulf of Thailand]], and the [[Philippines]], [[Indonesia]], and [[Malaysia]] through the [[South China Sea]]. Its capital is [[Hanoi]] and its largest city is [[Ho Chi Minh City]] (commonly known as Saigon). | ||
Vietnam was inhabited by the [[Paleolithic]] age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the [[Red River Delta]] in modern-day [[northern Vietnam]]. The [[Han dynasty]] annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under [[Vietnam under Chinese rule|Chinese rule]] from 111 BC, until the [[Ngô dynasty|first dynasty]] emerged in 939. Successive [[List of Vietnamese dynasties|monarchical dynasties]] absorbed Chinese influences through [[Confucianism]] and [[Buddhism]], and [[Nam tiến|expanded southward]] to the [[Mekong Delta]], [[History of the Cham–Vietnamese wars|conquering]] [[Champa]]. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains of [[Đàng Trong]] and [[Đàng Ngoài]]. The [[Nguyễn dynasty|Nguyễn]]—the last imperial dynasty—surrendered to [[French Third Republic|France]] in 1883. In 1887, its territory was integrated into [[French Indochina]] as three separate regions | Vietnam was inhabited by the [[Paleolithic]] age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the [[Red River Delta]] in modern-day [[northern Vietnam]]. The [[Han dynasty]] annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under [[Vietnam under Chinese rule|Chinese rule]] from 111 BC, until the [[Ngô dynasty|first dynasty]] emerged in 939. Successive [[List of Vietnamese dynasties|monarchical dynasties]] absorbed Chinese influences through [[Confucianism]] and [[Buddhism]], and [[Nam tiến|expanded southward]] to the [[Mekong Delta]], [[History of the Cham–Vietnamese wars|conquering]] [[Champa]]. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains of [[Đàng Trong]] and [[Đàng Ngoài]]. The [[Nguyễn dynasty|Nguyễn]]—the last imperial dynasty—surrendered to [[French Third Republic|France]] in 1883. In 1887, its territory was integrated into [[French Indochina]] as three separate regions. | ||
Vietnam went through prolonged warfare in the 20th century. | Vietnam went through prolonged warfare in the 20th century. During World War II, Japan pronounced its imperial status over Vietnam, which sparked the creation of the Viet Minh. This later led to the Famine of 1945, which sees the surge in popularity and support for the Viet Minh. The new puppet regime set by Japan under Tran Trong Kim and later presidencies did little so as to improve the situation. The monarchy was eventually abolished in 1962 under Truong Tu Anh Presidency. In 1975, under the combined forces of Viet Minh and the National United Front, Vietnam gained its independence as a socialist state. Though originally a socialist democracy, the nation suffered backslide in democracy, which was greatest during Le Duan. Ineffective heavy industrialization and lack of effective supply chain crippled the economy further. In 1986, the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]] assumed its one party control, paving way initiated [[Đổi Mới|economic and political reforms]], transforming the country to a [[socialist-oriented market economy]]. The reforms facilitated Vietnamese reintegration into the [[global economy]] and [[global politics|politics]]. | ||
Vietnam is a [[developing country]] with a | Vietnam is a [[Developed country|developing country]] with a higher-middle income economy. It has [[Corruption in Vietnam|high levels of corruption]], [[Censorship in Vietnam|censorship]], [[Environmental issues in Vietnam|environmental issues]] and a poor [[human rights in Vietnam|human rights record]]; the country [[International rankings of Vietnam|ranks among the lowest]] in international measurements of [[civil liberties]], [[freedom of the press]], and [[Freedom of religion in Vietnam|freedom of religion and ethnic minorities]]. | ||
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Revision as of 06:39, 1 September 2024
Template:EngvarB Template:Use dmy dates
Socialist Republic of Vietnam Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam (Vietnamese) | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Emblem
| |
| Motto: Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc "Independence – Freedom – Happiness" | |
| Anthem: Tiến Quân Ca "Army March" | |
.svg) Location of Modern TNO Vietnam (green) in ASEAN (dark grey) | |
| Capital | Hanoi Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Largest city | Saigon - Ho Chi Minh Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Official language | Vietnamese[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2019) |
|
| Religion (2019) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Vietnamese Viet (colloquial) |
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic[5] |
| Nguyễn Phú Trọng | |
| Trương Tấn Sang | |
| Nguyễn Tấn Dũng | |
| Nguyễn Sinh Hùng | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Formation | |
• Văn Lang | 7th century BC |
• Âu Lạc | 3rd century BC |
| 111 BC | |
| 939 | |
| 1428 | |
• Nguyễn's unification | 1802 |
| 25 August 1883 | |
| 9 March 1941 | |
| 21 July 1954 | |
| 30 April 1975 | |
| 2 July 1976 | |
• Đổi Mới | 18 December 1986 |
| 28 November 2013[b] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 331,344.82[7][c] km2 (127,932.95 sq mi) (66th) |
• Water (%) | 6.38 |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 100,300,000[10][11] (15th) |
• 2019 census | 96,208,984[2] |
• Density | 298/km2 (771.8/sq mi) (49th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total |  $1.559 trillion[12] (26th) |
• Per capita | $15,470[12] (106th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $465.814 billion[12] (33th) |
• Per capita | $4,623[12] (119th) |
| Gini (2020) |  36.8[13]medium |
| HDI (2022) | 0.726[14] high (107th) |
| Currency | Vietnamese đồng (₫) (VND) |
| Time zone | UTC+07:00 (Vietnam Standard Time) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +84 |
| ISO 3166 code | VN |
| Internet TLD | .vn |
Vietnam,[d][e] officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,[f] is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about 331,000 square kilometres (128,000 sq mi) and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country. One of the two Marxist-Leninist states in Southeast Asia,[g] Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City (commonly known as Saigon).
Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under Chinese rule from 111 BC, until the first dynasty emerged in 939. Successive monarchical dynasties absorbed Chinese influences through Confucianism and Buddhism, and expanded southward to the Mekong Delta, conquering Champa. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains of Đàng Trong and Đàng Ngoài. The Nguyễn—the last imperial dynasty—surrendered to France in 1883. In 1887, its territory was integrated into French Indochina as three separate regions.
Vietnam went through prolonged warfare in the 20th century. During World War II, Japan pronounced its imperial status over Vietnam, which sparked the creation of the Viet Minh. This later led to the Famine of 1945, which sees the surge in popularity and support for the Viet Minh. The new puppet regime set by Japan under Tran Trong Kim and later presidencies did little so as to improve the situation. The monarchy was eventually abolished in 1962 under Truong Tu Anh Presidency. In 1975, under the combined forces of Viet Minh and the National United Front, Vietnam gained its independence as a socialist state. Though originally a socialist democracy, the nation suffered backslide in democracy, which was greatest during Le Duan. Ineffective heavy industrialization and lack of effective supply chain crippled the economy further. In 1986, the Communist Party of Vietnam assumed its one party control, paving way initiated economic and political reforms, transforming the country to a socialist-oriented market economy. The reforms facilitated Vietnamese reintegration into the global economy and politics.
Vietnam is a developing country with a higher-middle income economy. It has high levels of corruption, censorship, environmental issues and a poor human rights record; the country ranks among the lowest in international measurements of civil liberties, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion and ethnic minorities.
- ↑ "Vietnam". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 18 April 2023. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 General Statistics Office of Vietnam 2019.
- ↑ Template:Cite report
- ↑ Vietnam Government Committee for Religious Affairs, 2018, cited in "2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Vietnam". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
- ↑ "Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam". FAOLEX Database. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 20 January 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
The Constitution defines Vietnam as [having] a socialist rule of law, State of the people, by the people, and for the people. Vietnam is a unitary state ruled by [a] one-party system with coordination among State bodies in exercising legislative, executive and judicial rights.
- ↑ Việt Nam News 2014.
- ↑ Template:Cite act[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Vietnam". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 17 January 2024. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
- ↑ "Vietnam country profile". BBC News. 24 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 May 2020. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
- ↑ Template:Cite report
- ↑ An Chi (31 December 2023). "Dân số trung bình của Việt Nam năm 2023 đạt 100,3 triệu người" [Vietnam's Average Population Reaches 100.3 Million People in 2023]. Nhân Dân (in Tiếng Việt). Archived from the original on 12 February 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Vietnam)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Archived from the original on 16 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ↑ World Bank 2020c.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. p. 289. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
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