Tyrenes

Tyrenian Empire Imperii Tyrenian
Flag Emblem
Capital and city	Ilyes
Official languages	Tyrenian
Recognised national languages	Etrasian
Ethnic groups (2018)	91.5% Tyrenian 8.5% other
Religion (2018)	74.4% Ilyesian Catholic 22.6% irreligious 3% other
Demonym(s)	Tyrenian
Government	One-party totalitarian dictatorship
• Duce	Gacchi Arvina
• Chairman of the Council	Tullus Bestia
Legislature	Imperial Council
Formation
• Unification	1804
• Tyrenian Socialist Republic	1920
• Tyrenian military coup	2006
Area
•	237,760 km2 (91,800 sq mi)
Population
• 2018 estimate	40,194,064
GDP (PPP)	2018 estimate
• Total	$827 Billion
• Per capita	$20,575
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	$665 billion
• Per capita	$16,544
Gini (2018)	32.7 medium
HDI (2018)	0.880 very high
Currency	Aurei

Tyrenes (Tyrenian: Tyreni), officially the Tyrenian Empire (Tyrenian: Imperii Tyrenian) is a Ventismarian nation consisting of a peninsula surrounded by several islands. The nation borders Aborzhenia to the north and shares maritime borders with Orilya, Pantorrum, and North Rukonia. Located in the Centismar, Tyrenes is known for its warm Centismarian climate. The nation is home to over 60 million people.

Tyrenes’ geographic location has made it the center of much of Sunalayan classical history and many various cultures and people. The Tepos people were the first to inhabit the peninsula, forming many city states across Tyrenes and eventually colonizing further out into the Centismar. The Ilyesian Empire emerged from the Tepos and dominated much of the Centismar during the classical era up until it’s demise in the 500s A.D. Known for their disciplined legions and grand architecture, the Ilyesians The Ilyesians spread their culture, architecture, and technology throughout Ventismar, Sunafrica, and even parts of Ophion, with their impact on the globe still heavily seen through culture and language.

Following the liberation of the Tyrenian peninsula in 1489 many small kingdoms and duchies were formed. Ilyes, being one of the state’s, spearheaded the Tyrenian Unification Wars, eventually unifying the peninsula and forming Tyrenes in 1804. In 1920 the Tyrenian Socialist Republic was formed through peaceful revolution. For the next several decades Tyrenia began to industrialize and grow into one of the strongest economies in Ventismar.

In 2006 Commander Gacchi Arvina lead a coup against the government and took control of the nation. Arvina has assumed the position of Duce and has declared Tyrenes an empire. Arvina leads alongside the Ilyesian Council. Tyrenes is now known for its strict laws and authoritarian government lead by Arvina. Communist support still remains present in the north and has lead the nation to some instability in recent years.

History

Antiquity

Ancient Tyrenes was inhabited by the Cyrenoan, Ilyesian, Praetavalli, Vellan, and Benevilla peoples, several groups of Ventis-Ophionite people who inhabited the Tyrenian peninsula. Many live in small towns and villages with several groups forming city states after several centuries. Between the 17th and the 11th centuries BC ancient Tyrenian began to make contact with other Centismarian cultures, primarily those in modern day Rukonia and Orilya.

Ancient Ilyes

Ilyes was a city settled by the Ilyesian people along the Nira river in 704 BC. The city began as a small commercial hub but grew quickly as contact with other cultures and cities increased within the Centismar. In 499 BC the Ilyesians expelled their final king and formed into an oligarchic republic.

Ilyes began its conquest of the Tyrenian peninsula with a war against their southern neighbors, Praeta. The kingdom of Praeta had grown from a small city state into a major player in the Centismar through military conquest. Praeta has begun to threaten Ilyesian commercial power in the area. Praeta was conquered in 440 BC, resulting in Ilyes controlling almost half of modern day Tyrenes. By 243 BC the Ilyesian Republic had control of the entirety of the Tyrenian peninsula and parts of modern day Orilya.

Through consolidation of power and a swift military coup Ilyes became know as the Ilyesian Empire in 204 BC. The leader of the coup and the first emperor, Octavius Caesar, lead conquests in to much of western Ventismar and even reached as far as Eikkangard. By 56 AD the Ilyesian Empire has become one of the largest empires Sunalayan History, reaching as far north as Eikangaard, west as Mackenzie and Athabaska, east as modern day Ophioneus, and even had much of the Azaran and Ziamban northern coast under it’s control.

The Ilyesian Empire was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time, and was also one of the largest empires in Sunalayan history. Ilyesian technological, architectural, and military innovations are still widespread and used across the world today. At it’s height the Ilyesian Empire covered over 5 million square kilometers. Ilyes spread its language, alphabet, technology, and religious beliefs across much of the western world. It’s impact can be seen today across the majority of Sunalaya.

In the 4th century AD Ilyes began to experience a slow decline in power. By 376 AD Ilyes had lost all territorial possessions in Sunafrica, northern Ventismar, and Ophion. By 400 AD AD Ilyes only remained in control of the Tyrenian Peninsula. In 479 AD the nation collapsed under foreign invasion and fragmented into several kingdoms and duchies, with the Kingdom of Ilyes remaining the last true remnant of the Ilyesian Empire.

Medieval Tyrenes

The medieval era was one of frequent conflict and foreign invasion. Tyrenes has fragmented into a dozen of separate political entities, with many new ones emerging and falling over the years. From 400 AD-600 AD was known as the Tyrenian War period, where for 400 years there was constant war on the peninsula. None of the nations in Tyrenia had any holdings outside of the peninsula and were mostly focused on fighting each other. Tyrenes experienced a great loss in technology and wealth during this period, leading to the time frame also being known as the Tyrenian Dark Ages.

Rhomaion Occupation

The early 600s AD marked the beginning of Justinian's reconquest of the former Ilyesian empire. in 612 Justinian's forces landed in Sundra and took the kingdom with ease. Justinian continued his conquest of Tyrenes, moving north and obliterating any remaining armies. The war torn peninsula was under Rhomaion control and remained a part of its empire until 1030 AD.

Geography

Tyrenes is located in southern Ventismar. Along the northern border are the Nevo Mountains, a massive range that serves as the boundary between northern Tyrenes and the rest of Ventismar. The south consists of the remainder of the Tyrenian Peninsula, the island of Bauzenesis, and the Island Chains of Arretina to the southwest and Ilachanum to the southeast. The Vatican City retains sovereignty in the city of Praeta, the historic location of the medieval papal states. Tyrenes' total area is 237,760 km2 (91,800 sq mi), not including it's territorial waters. Including its many islands, Tyrenes has a coastline and border of 7,600 kilometres (4,722 miles) Centismarian Sea and with the remainder of Ventismar. The Palaclessia accounts for a small portion of the border as well.

The Tridena Mountains form the spine of the peninsula and run all along the middle of the country and the Nevo makes up the northern border. Tyrenes' highest point is Mount Dina (4,810 m or 15,780 ft) and is located in the western portion of the Nevos. Tyrenes' longest river is the Vacha (652 kilometres or 405 miles), which flows from the northwestern border all the way into Ilyes. The five largest lakes are, in order of diminishing size: Sevna (367.94 km2 or 142 sq mi), Giodore (212.51 km2 or 82 sq mi), Lenchamo (145.9 km2 or 56 sq mi), Trevin (124.29 km2 or 48 sq mi) and Bola (113.55 km2 or 44 sq mi).

Tyrenes is located at the meeting point between several major tectonic plates, leading to considerable seismic and volcanic activity. The country is home to 12 volcanoes, four of which are active: Gheta, Benolia, Ascavo and Venmo. The last, Venmo, is the largest in the nation and one of the largest in all of Ventismar. Several islands and hills have been created by volcanic activity, and there is still a large active caldera, the Campi Flegrei north-west of Tridentina.

Climate

Due to it's variance in longitude as well as altitude in some mountainous part of the nation the climate of Tyrenes is very diverse for a Centismarian state. Inland northern and central regions range from humid subtropical to humid continental and oceanic. Northern Tyrenes is subject to hot summers and harsh winters.

Tridentina, Arretina, Illachanum, Venaci, Aterna, Sundra, and Praeta, have the typical warm Centismarian climate that provides hot summers and mild winters. Coastal areas tend to be dryer and warmer during the winter while the inland regions experience more snow and colder temperatures due to increased altitude. Average winter temperatures vary from 0 °C (32 °F) in the Nevos to 12 °C (54 °F) in Illachanum, and as a result average summer temperatures range from 20 °C (68 °F) to over 25 °C (77 °F).

Environment

Following the industrialization of Tyrenes in the 30s and 40s environmental issues became widespread. Tyrenes has made exceptional progress in switching to renewable energy and has received lots of help from the Eastern Northern Islands. Renewable energy now makes up 12% of the nations entire energy source and is expected to go up to 25% by 2025. In the industrialized north, however, air pollution remains a huge problem, specifically in Vella. Tyrenes remains in the top 20 of the world's highest carbon dioxide producer. Heavy traffic in areas like Ilyes and Vella also contribute to the pollution and have lead to smog in some parts of the nation.

Pollution has damaged many of the rivers and natural bodies of water across the nation. Some industrial centers are negligent of how they dispose of their waste. Nuclear power plants remain in use by the nation although the government has turned down the decision to build 4 more. The nation has also experienced significant erosion due to deforestation and poor industrial practices.