Republic of Namsa
Republic of Namsa 敝地民國 | |
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 Flag
 Coat of arms
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| Motto: "百花齊放"("백화제방") (Korean) "Let a hundred flowers bloom" | |
| Capital and largest city | Sinlei |
| Official languages | Namsan |
| Ethnic groups (2019) | 82.3% Namsan
10.1% Chinese 8.7% Other |
| Demonym(s) | Namsian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary consitutional republic |
• President | Yoon Baek-sol |
• Prime Minister | Han Yeong-hee |
| Legislature | National Mandate of the Republic |
| Independence from the Korean Empire | |
• Declared | 10 October 1899 |
• Recognized | 11 December 1905 |
| Area | |
• Total | 109,884 km2 (42,426 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2019 census | 20,178,956 |
• Density | 183.4/km2 (475.0/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $921 billion |
• Per capita | $41,956 |
| HDI (2019) | 0.922 very high |
| Currency | Namsa Won (NMW) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 |
| Date format | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +53 |
| Internet TLD | .nm |
Namsa (Namsan: 敝地), officially the Republic of Namsa (Namsan: 敝地民國, PP: Namsa Minkai), is a country comprising the island of Chungbuk, as well as Songdo and several minor archipelagos. Namsa is located off the coast of Taiwan. It is east of the Fishui Peninsula, south of both the American state of Hoatian and the Dibo islands and west of Dongsang. The official area of the Republic of Namsa is 109,884 km2 (42,426 sq mi) (without the territorial waters). The main island of Zhaiben is the largest island in Namsa, with an area of 104,556 km2 (40,369 sq mi).
The territory that is now Namsa was inhabited by the Tai people from the 4th millennium BC until Eastern colonization in the 15th century. From the 15th century, it was a colony of Ming until the Beijing treaty of 1520, when Namsa was ceded to Joseon as part of the feud regarding the Gwanha canal. During these years, the island had only been settled by few Japanese and Chinese fishermen, and it was not until 1537 that the island was frequently visited.
In the 12th of October 1899, military commanders carried out a coup and declared a sovereign Republic. The country was formally recognized as a sovereign state following a declaration by the Korean Empire regarding its status in December 11, 1905. In 1959, it adopted the current consitution, which established the current parliamentary system and a unicameral legislature.
Namsa is a developed country, ranked 3rd on the Human Development Index in Asia. It is a member of the OECD and ACFC. Its economy ranks as the world's 15th largest economy by nominal GDP. Its economy primarily relies on the manufacturing and banking sectors. It ranks as the 3rd easiest nation to do business in on the ease of doing business index.
Etymology
The name Namsa derives from the Genbi "敝地", literally "Our land". This was the name designated to the Kingdom by Emperor Lon. Prior to the construction of the Namsa temple, Namsa was known by the Chinese as "中北島" or "Middle North Island". The name is still in use today to refer to the main island of Chungbuk.
History
Pre-Orient Era
Namsa was inhabited by two distinct tribes of indigenous peoples of East Asia: the Taen and the Tin.
The ancestors of the Taen migrated from the mainland, while the Tin migratied from the Korean peninsula, with the earliest sites of both dated to 5,000 BCE.
Taen and Tin were farmers, as well as fishers and hunter-gatherers.
Eastern Colonization and Rule (1492–1905)
After first landing on what is now Naha, Okinawa on 12 October 1492, Fang transgressed the Fishui peninsula and settled eastward, landing in northeastern coast on October 28, 1494. Zhu claimed the island for the Emperor Hongzhi of Ming.
Its first settlement was founded in the current capital of Sohang in 1511 by Chinese voyagers as a temporary base. Records show the settlement never surpassed 50 in population at any one time. Following the Treaty of 1520, Namsa, along with what is now the island of Dongsan, were ceded to Joseon as their first and only overseas territories.
In 1537, about 800 Korean settlers arrived in the island, most of which settled in modern-day Donghan at the command of the Emperor, as the western portion of the island was known for piracy. The following years saw a steady increase in the Joseon settlers, reaching 15 thousand in 1545, most of which were prisoners from Korea sent to work as slaves. From 1537 to 1550, as the Korean population grew, nearly three-fourths of the Native population perished due to disease. The first Governor assigned by Joseon was Han Seok, the first and longest-serving colonial governor to serve the island.
During its first years as a formal colony, Namsa developed slowly, but unlike surrounding colonies, it had a diversified economy and a moderately urbanized society. Its economy primarily relied on the import of sugar and rice to Ming and Joseon.
The Six Year War, which erupted in 1592 after an attempted invasion of Joseon by Japan, eventually arrived in the Caribbean. Namsa was a main target of Japan, and days after the start of the Japanese invasion of Joseon, a Japanese expedition consisting of thousands of troops arriving from Gumsan province attempted to take control of Donghan. The invasion was unsuccessful, and the city was successfully defended by 815 troops, with minimal damage to infrastructure and little casualties at the command of Ming commander Yun Ba.
Starting in 1620, Namsa saw a large increase in population, particularly in the western provinces, when Ming ceased to exist and Joseon took control of a large portion of Manchuria. About 27,000 Manchu were brought to the island to work as slaves, along with some military commanders and intellectuals. This reign was short lived, and Korean Manchuria was invaded by the newborn Qing dynasty in 1638.
Baekyeonhwa
From the 1650s onward, Namsa's population kept growing at a rate faster than any other colony in the world, and eventually, in 1730, Shindo went on to become one of the most populous city in all of Asia. Its newfound population boom and economic prosperity made it the center for cultural and economic exchange between East Asia and the west. This period between 1730 and 1839 came to be known as Baekyeonhwa or "100 Year Peace".
As an important societal hub in the world, European culture influenced the island greatly, primarily in the arts. Musical instruments, painting styles, literature, among other European cultural inventions and concepts were introduced during this time.
Despite adopting a policy of little tolerance towards European powers at home, Joseon embraced the recent growth and interest in the islands, and encouraged cultural exchange. Governor Shin Hun marketed the island as a free and open hub for all those who sought to escape the social conservatism of 18th century society. Hun built highly profitable resort town for tourists, museums and libraries, and universities centered on European studies.
During the Baekyeonhwa, Namsa quickly industrialized, but careful planning by administrators forced factories to be built away from the largest cities, so as to not drive away their tourist appeal. Several cities, including Gumsan, the third-largest city in the country, were founded as industry towns.
The end of Baekyeonhwa is said to have ended in 1839, when the first Opium War between Britain and the late Chinese powers broke out, and Joseon and all of her colonies were thereby paired against the British Empire. Britain and her allies banned travel to the island, and Namsa saw a massive decrease in tourism revenue. Although the war never spilled outside of mainland China, the prospect of an escalation into a full blown continental conflict haunted Joseon administrators, leading to an increase of military presence in the island. Due to a strenthening military presence in the island, combined with higher taxes and a halt in economic growth led to the rise of independence movements.