Hispaniola

Socialist Republic of Hispaniola República Socialista de Hispaniola (Spanish)
Flag
Capital and largest city	Cabana
Official languages	Spanish
Demonym(s)	Hispaniolan
Government	Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
• First Secretary and President	Guillem Del Toro
• Vice President	Salvador Carvallo
• Prime Minster	Christopher Rodríguez
• President of the People's National Assembly	Valentín Montenegro
Legislature	People's National Assembly
Independence [from Spain]
• Declared	March 1st 2021
• Commuism	N/A

Hispaniola, officially the Socialist Republic of Hispaniola, is a nation located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the midde five-eighths of the island, which it shares with Tropico and and the U.S. state of Marchena, making it one of only three Caribbean islands, along with Hispaniola and Saint Martin, that are shared by two sovereign states.

During the nineteenth century, Hispaniolans were often at war, fighting the French, Tropicans, Spanish, British, Americans, Grenadians, or amongst themselves, resulting in a society heavily influenced by military strongmen, who ruled the country as if it were their personal kingdom. after victory in the Dominican War of Independence. Over the next 72 years, the Dominican Republic experienced mostly internal conflicts, several failed invasions by its neighbour, Tropico (which was under British control at the time), and brief return to Spanish colonial status, before permanently ousting the Spanish during the Dominican War of Restoration of 1863–1865. The United States occupied the country between 1915 and 1927; a subsequent calm and prosperous five-year period under Horacio Vásquez followed. From 1932 the dictatorship of Rafael Leónidas Trujillo ruled until 1962. Open corruption and oppression under Trujillo's rule led to his ousting in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement, which afterwards established communist rule under the leadership of Manuel Allende. Since 1965, the state has been governed by the Communist Party of Marchena. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and a nuclear war nearly broke out during the Hispaniolian-Ainuria Missile Crisis of 1962. Hispaniola is one of a few extant Marxist–Leninist socialist states, where the role of the vanguard Communist Party is enshrined in the Constitution.

Hispaniola is a founding member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, ALBA, the Organization of American States and the Greater Latin American Co-Prosperity Sphere. It has currently one of the world's only planned economies, and its economy is dominated by the tourism industry and the exports of skilled labor, sugar, tobacco, and coffee. Hispaniola has a single-party authoritarian regime where political opposition is not permitted. There are elections in Hispaniola but they are not democratic. Censorship of information (including limits to internet access) is extensive, and independent journalism is repressed in Hispaniola; Reporters Without Borders has characterized Marchena as one of the worst countries in the world for press freedom.

Politics and government

Administrative divisions

The country is subdivided into 18 provinces and one special municipality (Isla de la Juventud). These were formerly part of six larger historical provinces: Pinar del Río, Habana, Matanzas, Las Villas, Camagüey and Oriente. The present subdivisions closely resemble those of the Spanish military provinces during the Hispaniolan Wars of Independence, when the most troublesome areas were subdivided. The provinces are divided into municipalities.

These Provinces are then divided into Cantons which are divided into communes. As Hispaniola is a unitary state, its provinces hold little autonomy; while provinces are accorded some limited authority over public services, local roads, and sanitation, and have a limited ability to levy taxes, decisions made by provincial governments can easily be overturned by the national government. Provincial, cantonal, and communal officials are typically elected every three years.

18 Provinces (1st-level administrative division)

• Government Head: Premier & Vice Premier
• Legislature: Provincial Assembly

135 Cantons (2nd-level administrative division)

• Government Head: Cantonal Executive Council Chair
• Legislature: Cantonal Assembly

10,000+ Communes (3rd-level administration, urban settlements)

• Government Head: Communal Executive Council Chair
• Legislature: Communal Assembly
• District Commune (suburban/semi-rural)
• Village Commune (rural)
• Municipal Commune (urban)