Assyria
State of Assyria | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Capital and largest city | Mosul |
| Official languages | Syraic, Kurdish |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
• President | Shalimoon Albasi |
• Prime Minster | Yonadam Kanna |
| "Autonomous province [of Kurdistan]" | |
Assyria, officially the State of Assyria (Syriac: ܐܘܼܚܕܵܢܵܝܵܐ ܐܵܫܘܿܪ, Arabic: دولة آشور, Kurdish: Dewleta Aşûrê) is a country located in West Asia, bordering Iraq to the south, Kurdistan to the north, Syria to the west, and Turkmeneli to the east.
Since then, Assyria has become a representative democracy with proportional representation and universal suffrage. The modern Assyrian government, still dominated by the Assyrian Socialist Party, having moved from an overtly Marxist position to a social democratic centre-left one, highly respects human rights of all its citizens. The country has the highest standard of living in the Middle East (something hotly contested by Israel, Lebanon, and Iran) and one of the lowest poverty rates in the world. Relations with neighboring states remains strained but local peace initiatives are underway to normalize and improve relations with several of Assyria's neighbors, especially Kurdistan.
Etymology
History
Since Antiquity, the Assyrians have lived in Mesopotamia and the Hakkari (southeastern Anatolia). They speak Aramaic, which is descended from Semitic invaders' Aramaic, which formed the ethnic population of the Assyrian and Babylonian empires, which were among the largest in antiquity. Aramaic's grammatical structure and a significant percentage of its lexicon are derived from Akkadian, one of the world's earliest written languages, which was greatly impacted by Sumerian, the Earth's oldest written language.
The Assyrians were among the first to convert to Christianity, but they broke away from the Chalcedonian majority in 401, following Nestorian teachings that stated Jesus had two forms, one divine and one human, which differed greatly from the Chalcedonian consensus of a human-divine duality. During the pre-Islamic period, however, the Assyrians were unable to reclaim their national independence, as Their teroitory is fought over between the Persians and Romans, and Later the Byzantines.
After Muhammad's conquests in the 600s, when Arabic, another Semitic language, emerged in the region, the Aramaic language was further marginalized. The majority of Muslim converts gradually became assimilated into the wider Arab culture, while those who remained Christian in the north continued to speak Aramaic.
Ottoman Mesopotamia (1514–1918)
British Mandate for Mesopotamia (1918–1947)
Post-war resettlement (1918–1925)
Birth of independence movement (1927–1939)
World War II (1939–1945)
End of the British Mandate (1945–1947)
Independent Assyria (1947–present)
Geography
Climate
Environment
Politics and government
Assyria is a unitary parliamentary republic, with a president as the head of state and prime minister as head of government.
Military
The Assyrian Armed Forces are the official fighting force of the State of Assyria. They consist of the Assyrian Army and the Assyrian Air Force. Riverine troops are also operated by the AAF to monitor and defend the nation's waterways, however they are not a separate component of the armed forces.
The AAF derives its existence from the Assyrian rebels that fought the Ottomans during World War I and later Assyrian militias who assisted British colonial forces in the Mesopotamian Mandate in pacifying insurgents. Assyria is one of the most militarized countries in the Middle East, thanks to long periods of hostility with neighboring countries, and the AAF has a reputation for discipline and might.
With a total of 130,000 men, the armed forces are a relatively modest force. Its military strategy is very similar to Israel's, and two years of duty in Assyria is required.
Foreign relations
Economy
Assyria's main sources of revenue are tourism, oil, precious metals, machinery, food production, and renewable energy. Because Assyria is situated in the "fertile crescent," a stretch of agricultural territory in the Middle East, agriculture is one of the country's most important economic sectors. Assyria's ancient landmarks make tourism one of the country's most lucrative sources of revenue. Assyria's main source of wealth is tourism, with historians, archeologists, and clergy from all over the world flocking to its ancient monuments in Nineveh and Mosul each year. It was the capital of many ancient Mesopatamian empires, as well as an early Christian and later Islamic caliphates' capitals.
Mosul is a well-preserved center of Christianity in the Middle East, noted for its historic churches and monasteries, and it attracts a lot of attention. Mosul is twinned with the cities of Jerusalem and Damascus because of its importance to the two other Abrahamic faiths, Islam and Judaism, as well as ancient pre-Abrahamic faiths. In the Middle East, Assyria is one of three largely Christian states, the other being Chaldea and Phoenicia.