Government of Joseon

Government of the Great Kingdom of Joseon

Emblem of the Government of the Great Kingdom of Joseon
Formation	11 April 1921 (1921-04-11) (Enactment of a Democratic Constitution)
Jurisdiction	The Great Kingdom of Joseon
Legislative branch
Legislature	National Assembly
Meeting place	National Assembly Building
Executive branch
Leader	Prime Minister of Joseon
Headquarters	Jongno-Gu, Seoul
Main organ	State Council
Departments	20
Judicial branch
Court	Supreme Court
Seat	Seocho-Gu, Seoul

Legislative branch

The National Assembly is elected through a general election held every four years. The National Assembly has the power of no confidence in the Cabinet, the right to propose bills, and the right to deliberate on the budget bill. Since the National Assembly has the power to choose a prime minister, the power is considered to be very powerful. Because of this, various systems have been put in place to check the power of the National Assembly. The administration can dissolve the National Assembly, which requires final approval from the Supreme Court. Also, a constitutional amendment must be approved by more than 60 percent of the people after a referendum. This is to prevent undemocratic constitutional amendments by the National Assembly.

Executive branch

The administration of Joseon consists of a prime minister and 20 ministers. The prime minister is elected by the National Assembly, and the prime minister is elected after the general election or through indirect parliamentary elections when necessary. The deputy prime minister and the ministers of each department of government are recommended by the prime minister and appointed with the consent of the National Assembly.

Judicial branch

The Supreme Court examines the final ruling on trials from lower courts, the dismissal of high-ranking officials, whether the dissolution of the National Assembly is unconstitutional, and whether the law is unconstitutional. Judges are appointed through appointment exams, but the chief justice and the justices are appointed with the consent of the prime minister and the National Assembly.

Elections

The general election to elect the National Assembly takes place once every four years under the supervision of the National Elections Commission, with direct elections involving all citizens over the age of 18.

The prime minister is elected through indirect elections through lawmakers in the presence of more than two-thirds of the lawmakers. Typically, a majority leader or a candidate put forward by the majority party is elected as prime minister, and if the number of seats in the majority party falls short of a majority, the majority party forms a coalition government with other parties.