Mun
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The Mun is Eurth's only natural satellite. It orbits at an average distance of 384,400 km (238,900 mi), about 30 times the diameter of Eurth. Tidal forces between Eurth and the Mun have synchronized the Mun's orbital period (lunar month) with its rotation period (lunar day) at 29.5 Eurth days, causing the same side of the Mun to always face Eurth. The Mun's gravitational pull—and, to a lesser extent, the San's—are the main drivers of Eurth's tides.
In geophysical terms, the Mun is a planetary-mass object or satellite planet. Its mass is 1.2% that of the Eurth, and its diameter is 3,474 km (2,159 mi), roughly one-quarter of Eurth's (about as wide as the distance from Morthal to Cascadia). Within the Sanar System, it is the largest and most massive satellite in relation to its parent planet, the xth largest and most massive moon overall, and larger and more massive than all known dwarf planets. Its surface gravity is about one sixth of Eurth's, about half of that of Marz, and the second highest among all Sanar System moons, after x's moon s. The body of the Mun is differentiated and terrestrial, with no significant hydrosphere, atmosphere, or magnetic field. It formed 4.51 billion years ago, not long after Eurth's formation, out of the debris from a giant impact between Earth and a hypothesized Marz-sized body called x.
The lunar surface is covered in lunar dust and marked by mountains, impact craters, their ejecta, ray-like streaks, rilles and, mostly on the near side of the Mun, by dark maria ("seas"), which are plains of cooled magma. These maria were formed when molten lava flowed into ancient impact basins. The Mun is, except when passing through Eurth's shadow during a lunar eclipse, always illuminated by the San, but from Eurth the visible illumination shifts during its orbit, producing the lunar phases. The Mun is the brightest celestial object in Eurth's night sky. This is mainly due to its large angular diameter, while the reflectance of the lunar surface is comparable to that of asphalt. The apparent size is nearly the same as that of the San, allowing it to cover the San completely during a total solar eclipse. From Earth about 59% of the lunar surface is visible over time due to cyclical shifts in perspective (libration), making parts of the far side of the Mun visible.
The Mun has been an important source of inspiration and knowledge for humans, having been crucial to cosmography, mythology, religion, art, time keeping, natural science, and spaceflight.