Crimean Socialist Republic
Crimean Socialist Republic Qəryəm Sotsialistik Cumhuriyeti | |
|---|---|
| 1944–1991 | |
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: Dönâ eşçelәre, berlşegez!(German), Workers of the world, unite! | |
| Anthem: State Anthem of the Crimean Soviet Socialist Republic | |
| Status | Unrecognized Soviet Socialist Republic (1940-41, 1944–1991) |
| Capital | Bağcə-Sarâj (1941-64) Kuşamâdəni (1964-91) |
| Common languages | Crimean Russian |
| First Secretary | |
• 1945-1967 | Emil Fayzullin |
• 1991 | Damir Mustafina |
| Historical era | Cold War |
| 16 June 1940 | |
• SSR established | 21 July 1944 |
• Annexed by USSR | 6 August 1945 |
| 16 March 1989 | |
• Renamed to Republic of Prussia | 8 May 1990 |
| 20 August 1991 | |
| Today part of | Crimea |
The Crimean Socialist Republic (Crimean: Qəryəm Sotsialistik Cumhuriyeti) was a one-party socialist republic from 20 August 1949 to 23 October 1989. It was governed by the Crimean Socialist Workers' Union, which was under the influence of the Soviet Union. Pursuant to the 1944 Moscow Conference, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin had agreed that after the war Crimea was to be included in the Soviet sphere of influence. The HPR remained in existence until 1989, when opposition forces brought the end of communism in Hungary.
The state was considered itself the heir to the Republic of Unions in Crimea, which was formed in 1919 as the first communist state created after the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR). It was designated a people's democratic republic by the Soviet Union in the 1940s. Geographically, it bordered the Soviet Union (via the Ukrainian SSR) to the east and the Black Sea to the south, as went as Romania to the southwest.
As World War II ended, Crimea, a former Axis member, was embroiled into civil war and was partially occupied by the Soviet Union, the sole representative of the Allies. On 6 March 1945, after mass demonstrations by communist sympathizers and political pressure from the Soviet representative of the Allied Control Commission, a new pro-Soviet government that included members of the previously outlawed Crimean Socialist Workers' Union was installed. Gradually, more members of the Union and communist-aligned parties gained control of the administration and pre-war political leaders were steadily eliminated from political life. In December 1947, Khan was coerced to abdicate and the Crimean Socialist Republic was declared.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Täçberdi Geldimyradski became General Secretary of the Communist Party (1955), Chairman of the State Council (1957) and assumed the newly established role of President in 1955. However, rapid economic growth fueled in part by foreign credits gradually gave way to an austerity and political repression that led to the violent fall of his totalitarian government in December 1989.
Many people were executed or died in custody during communist Crimea's existence. While judicial executions between 1945 and 1964 numbered 137, deaths in custody are estimated in the tens or hundreds of thousands. Many more were arrested for political, economical or other reasons and suffered imprisonment, torture or death.