Iolanthe

Iolanthe Иолантхе
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Нашето верно срце (Iolanic) Our faithful heart (Osynstric) Fideli nostro corde (Umbrial)
Capital and largest city	Lucilin
Official languages	Iolanic, Osynstric, and Umbrial
Demonym(s)	Iolanthi
Government	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Grand Duke	Vittorio
• Prime Minister	Kasandar Uzunovski
Legislature	Kuregis
Formation
• Suavidci colony	21 CE-737 CE
• Kingdom of Iolanthe	737 CE-936 CE
• Osynstric rule	936 CE-1801
• Independence	1801
Area
• Total	9,632 km2 (3,719 sq mi)
Population
• 2018 census	936,116
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	93.968 billion IBU
• Per capita	100,380 IBU
HDI (2019)	0.916 very high
Currency	Iolanthi denar (ден)
Time zone	SET +7
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy yyyy-mm-dd (AD)
Driving side	left
Calling code	+45
Internet TLD	.io

The Grand Duchy of Iolanthe, or simply Iolanthe is a sovereign state in Western Auroria. It is bordered by Osynstry to the west. It is culturally and economically intertwined with its neighboring countries and is officially trilingual: Iolanthic, Osynstric, and Umbrial. Iolanthe is culturally and economically intertwined with nearby Aurorian countries, especially Osynstry and Scalvia.

Iolanthe is a parliamentary democracy, based on the Goyanean system, led by a constitutional monarch. The grand duke is Grand Doge Vittorio of Predice. The head of government is a prime minister elected by the unicameral Curegis, currently Bernard Uzunovski of the Covenanter Party. Iolanthe is one of the smallest states in the world, with only 9632 km² of territory. It is a developed country with an advanced, high income economy. Nearly half of its population are foreign citizens.

In 21 CE, stone fort Castrum Iolanthium was built by the Imperium Suavidci. The fort settlement was mostly populated by Szlavic slaves until the Suavidci slave trade ended with the fall of the Epiphanes in 300 CE. In 737 CE, slave revolt freed Iolanthe from Suavidci rule. It became an Osynstric territory in 938. Iolanthe was renamed to "East Athersbury." Attempts to stamp out Iolanthi culture failed. The Assize of East Athersbury (1258) and the Act of Conciliation (1343) protected Iolanthi rights and granted them autonomy, the early beginnings of democracy. In 1801, a failed personal union led to Iolanthi independence.

Etymology

The Violanthi flower.

Iolanthe is a portmanteau of the Umbrial words "viola" and "lanthi." Viola means the color violet. Lanthi is a Suavidci goddess of women and love. She is the wife of Iphis, another Suavidci goddess of love. Violanthi is the natonal flower of Iolanthe.

The ancient Suavidci fortifications in Iolanthe was called "Iolanthburhuc" or "Violanthi castle." The name "Iolanthe" was first used in 737 CE by Goran when he was proclaimed "King of Iolanthe." Osynstry renamed the territory to "East Athersbury" in 1087 CE. A first in a long series of acts to assimilate the Iolanthi people. The name "Iolanthe" was restored in 1801 after independence.

History

Colony

Modern depiction of Iolanthium city center.

The Imperium Suavidci first arrived in Western Auroria in 500 BCE. In 21 CE, they built a stone fortification on Latver rock. Villages formed around it and grew into a sprawling city. It was named after the fortification, "Iolanthium." Slave trade brought thousands of Szlavic people in Iolanthium. Prison colonies were established across the settlement to the local economy provide cheap labor. Suavidci colonial elite bought slaves to cultivate farmlands and mine ores in the outlying areas of the settlement. Iolanthium became a sizeable center of trade. As a Suavidci outpost, it was the epicenter of the Imperium's activities in Western Auroria.

Suavidci rule lasted until 737 CE. A slave revolt overthrew the Suavidci rulers and the rebel leader, Koragos, was elected "King of Iolanthe."

Kingdom of Iolanthe

Latver Castle, seat of the kings of Iolanthe.

King Koragos I oversaw the abolition of slavery in Iolanthe in 738. Suavidci aristocrats who still supported it were purged from powerful leadership roles in the established Suavidci bureaucracy. The Suavidci people were not subjected to wholesale persecution. Instead, they were acknowledged as equal subjects. Koragos kept most of the Suavidci officials. Born to Messianist slaves, Koragos invited the Courantist Church to convert the Iolanthi people in 741. In 770, a religious revolt by paganists was defeated by Koragos. Between 771-788 until his death, Koragos organized peasant mobs to find and execute apostates. His son and successor, Koragos II, banned occultism in 805 and decreed Courantism the only recognized Messianist faith.

In 851, Hristijan III built Latver Castle in the old Suavidci fort Castrum Iolanthium. The fort had been falling to disrepair. Iolanthi defenses have become outdated. In 867, Hristijan ordered new roads to build new outposts in the outskirts of the territory. A network of local messenger stations was also created to improve communication between Iolanthium, baronies, and villages. Hristijan extended roadbuilding to Osynstry to facilitate growing trade relations. Hristijan made Osynstric as an official language of court. He criminalized the use of Umbrial and embraced Iolanic, once known as the language of Szlavic slaves. A series of festivals to encourage the use of Iolanic during his reign became known as the "Iolanic renaissance."

The capital Iolanthe was renamed to Latver in 921. Castrum Lucilinium, a smaller fort outside of Latver, was rebuilt to improve city defense in 927.

Osynstric rule

Latver Castle, 1644.

Expensive road tolls to enter Iolanthe infuriated Osynstric traders. In 938, Osynstric king Harold II could not accept the new toll increases and invaded the Kingdom of Iolanthe. An unnamed archer slain Koragos IV the Cruel, the last Iolanthi king, in the Battle of Castrum Lucilinium. Harold legislated the Constitutions of Victory. A series of articles to formally annex Iolanthe. The kingdom was abolished, properties of the Courantist Church were seized, and Iolanic language and literature were banned. Only Umbrial will be permitted for use.

Latver Castle, the seat of the newly-created Lordship of East Athersbury, was too cramped for the marcher lord to navigate with his retinue. The castle town residents were evicted. The old town was replaced with a spacious garden.

In 950, the marcher lord renamed Latver to Lucilin. Named after the Castrum Lucilinium fort.

Between 1047-1059, the Lucilin Inquisitions rounded up underground Courantist believers. An estimated 5,000 people were burned to death in mass stake executions during this period.

By extrajudicial means, the Lordship periodically seized lands from Iolanthi barons and the landed aristocracy. Mostly, on charges of fabricated crimes. In 1258, the Assize of East Athersbury, despite the fact East Athersbury is a marcher state with high autonomy, reasserted the feudal laws of Osynstry entitled Iolanthi landowners to rights and protections.

The Act of Conciliation in 1343 granted the Lordship the right to summon a Parliament of East Athersbury. Its membership consisted of the Kuregis (old name of the Iolanthi king's council), curia magna (local barons), and curia praela (local prelates of the Osysntric Athersist religion).

In 1801, reformist King William II was sympathetic to Iolanthi nationalist sensibilities. He personally supported the passage of the Grand Duchy of Iolanthe Act. It gave independence to Iolanthe. William remained monarch as the first Iolanthi grand duke. The three-house Parliament of East Athersbury was abolished in favor of an elected, unicameral Kuregis. After William II died in 1812, the Kuregis voted to end personal union and adopted the Goyanean parliamentary system. The Kuregis appointed a baron family closely related to the old Kings of Iolanthe to reconstitute the Iolanthi monarchy.

Modern Iolanthe

In 1896, Grand Duke Kasander died childless. The Kuregis voted against the confirmation of his sibling, Prince Philippos, as the new grand duke. Kasander is sickly and frail. His death a year later marks the end of the native line of Iolanthi kings. The Kuregis nominated and elected Kasander's consort, Queen Maria, as the new monarch. Upon her death in 1910, the next person in line of succession is her elder brother, Grand Doge TBD. His succession was confirmed by the Kuregis. Osynstry objected to the ascension of the Grand Doge. This precipitated into the Iolanthe Crisis. Negotiations between the Osynstric, Predicean, and Iolanthi governments concluded the Grand Doge's position as Iolanthi head of state shall be relegated to a constitutional monarch. Iolanthe became a neutral country and foreign bases are prohibited.

At the beginning of the Fascist War in 1936, King Alessandro of Predice became Grand Duke of Iolanthe. The new fascist government in Antofagosta organized a secret invasion to overthrow the Iolanthi government. In 1941, the Predicean forces landed in the small coastal town of St. Levelin. The invasion force comprised of 4 divisions (40,000) and an artillery battery (300). The invasion fleet, consisting of a light cruiser and 4 destroyers. The Iolanthi Grand Ducal Navy consisted of obsolete, pre-FW ships: 2 coastal defence ships and 3 monitors. The only modern ships were 14 gunboats, and 13 torpedo boats. The entire Iolanthi navy was sunk.

Demographics

Languages

Iolanic, Osynstric, and Umbrial are co-official languages of Iolanthe. However, despite their equal status, Umbrial is no longer offered as a basic subject in the national curriculum. Since 1950, under the Official Languages Act, Umbrial is only acknowledged as an "optional language of our Suavidci heritage." It is only taught in specific schools, mostly private institutions. Iolanic is the primary language of Iolanthi everyday life and Osynstric is the secondary language. Official government business mainly use Iolanic and Umbrial as spoken languages. Iolanic and Osynstric are the preferred written languages. But public announcements and road signage are in Iolanic, Osynstric, and Umbrial. Advertisers also use all three.

The Iolanic language has its own writing script, the Luceline script, based on the Umbrial and Szlavic scripts:

Letter IPA Name	А а /a/ /a/	Б б /b/ /bə/	В в /v/ /və/	Г г /ɡ/ /ɡə/	Д д /d/ /də/	Ѓ ѓ /ɟ/ /ɟə/	Е е /ɛ/ /ɛ/	Ж ж /ʒ/ /ʒə/	З з /z/ /zə/	Ѕ ѕ /d͡z/ /d͡zə/	И и /i/ /i/
Letter IPA Name	Ј ј /j/ /jə/	К к /k/ /kə/	Л л /l/ ([ɫ], [l̠]) /lə/	Љ љ /l/ /lə/	М м /m/ /mə/	Н н /n/ /nə/	Њ њ /ɲ/}} /ɲə/	О о /ɔ/ /ɔ/	П п /p/ /pə/	Р р /r/ /rə/	С с /s/ /sə/
Letter IPA Name	Т т /t/ /tə/	Ќ ќ /c/ /cə/	У у /u/ /u/	Ф ф /f/ /fə/	Х х /x/ /xə/	Ц ц /t͡s/ /t͡sə/	Ч ч /t͡ʃ/ /t͡ʃə/	Џ џ /d͡ʒ/}} /d͡ʒə/	Ш ш /ʃ/ /ʃə/

It also used by Iolanthi people in Osynstric and Umbrial languages:

Umbrial-Luceline alphabet (For both Osynstric and Umbrial)

Letters	Aa	Бб	Чч	Дд	Ee	Фф	Гг	Хх	Ии	Џџ	Кк	Лл	Мм	Нн	Оо	Пп	Рр	Сс	Шш	Тт	Уу	Вв	Ўў	Ққ	Јј	Зз
Translit.	Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp	Rr	Shi	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz

Additional

Letters	Ээ	Ңң	Цц	Жж	Ћћ	Ꚋꚋ
Translit.	ä	ng	ts	zh	th	dh

Expatriates easily learn and usually rely on Osynstric to interact with everyday Iolanthi people. Even Umbrial-speaking expats from Imperium Suavidci prefer to have Osynstric as a secondary language.

Iolanthe is multilingual. According to a 2018 survey, 51% (477,419) can speak Umbrial, 30% (280,834) can speak Mercanti, and 19% (177,862) can speak any Scalvian language (Vaigan, Selonian, and/or Taurogan).