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[[Wikipedia:|]] Sweden (Swedish: Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is bordered by Norway in the west and north, Finland in the east, and connects to Denmark from the southwest by the Öresund Bridge, a road-rail bridge which goes across the Öresund Strait. The land area of Sweden encompasses 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), which means that Sweden is the largest country in Northern Europe. Stockholm is the nation's capital city. Sweden has a total population of 10.1 million, of which 1 million have a foreign background. The number of citizens of foreign background has been dropping as a result of many immigrants emigrating to other countries in what is known as the Emigration Crisis. It has a low population density of 26 inhabitants per square kilometre (67/sq mi), with 1,435 persons per km2 in localities. 87% of Swedes live in urban areas, which cover 1.5% of the entire land area. The highest concentration of people is found in the central and southern half of the country.
Kingdom of Sweden Konungariket Sverige | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: (royal) "För Sverige – i tiden"[1] "For Sweden - With the times" | |
| Anthem: Du gamla, Du fria[2] | |
.svg) | |
 Location of Sweden (Dark Green)
— In Europe (Green and Dark Gray) — In the European Union (Green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Stockholm 59°21'N 18°4'E |
| Official languages | Swedish[3] |
| Recognised national languages | Finnish • Meänkieli • Sami • Romani • Yiddish |
| Ethnic groups (2022) |
|
| Religion (2021) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Swedish • Swedes |
| Government | Unitary parlimentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Carl XVI Gustaf |
| Isak Ottosson | |
| Gustav Holm | |
| Legislature | Riksdag |
| Establishment | |
• A unified Swedish kindgom established | By the early 12th century |
• Part of Kalmar Union | 1397—1523 |
• Part of Swedish-Norwegian Union | 4th November 1814 – August 1905 |
• Joined the European Union | 1 January 1995 |
| 1 June 2010 | |
| 18 Febuary 2020 – Ongoing | |
| Area | |
• Total | 450,295 km2 (173,860 sq mi) (55th) |
• Water (%) | 8.37 (as of 2015) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 10,410,206 |
• Density | 26/km2 (67.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $584.187 billion (24th) |
• Per capita | $52,751.35 (12th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $596.214 billion (25th) |
• Per capita | $53,245.24 (11th) |
| Gini (2020) | 27.8 low |
| HDI (2022) |  0.943very high (9th) |
| Currency | Swedish Krona (SEK) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Date format | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Driving side | right[5] |
| Calling code | +46 |
| Internet TLD | .se |
- ↑ "För Sverige – I tiden" has been adopted by Carl XVI Gustaf as his personal motto.
- ↑ Du gamla, Du fria has never been officially adopted as national anthem, but is so by convention.
- ↑ Since 1 July 2009. Five other languages are officially recognised as minority languages: Finnish, Meänkieli, Romani, Sami, and Yiddish. The Swedish Sign Language also has a special status.
- ↑ Superethnos are a concept of identity unique to the Swedish ideology of Holmism. As the Swedish government does not base any statistics on ethnicity, there are no exact numbers on the ethnic background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden. This is not, however, to be confused with migrants' national backgrounds, which are recorded.
- ↑ Since 3 September 1967
Sweden has been inhabited by Germanic peoples since prehistoric times, beginning as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear). They also constituted the sea peoples known as the Norsemen. An independent Swedish state first emerged during the early 12th century. In the middle of the 14th century, the Black Death killed about a third of the Scandinavian population, after this the Hanseatic League began to threaten Scandinavia's culture, languages and finances. This threatening led to the formation of the Kalmar Union in 1397, which Sweden left in 1523. Sweden joined the Reformist side during the Thirty Years War, this lead to the formation of the Swedish Empire. The Swedish Empire became one of the great powers of Europe up until the early 18th century. However, the Swedish Empire declined during the 18th and 18th centuries
as their territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were gradually lost, ending in 1809 when Russia annexed what is now Finland. The last foreign war in which Sweden was directly involved in was in 1814, when Norway was militarily forced into a personal union, which was peacefully dissolved in 1905. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, maintaining an official policy of neutrality in foreign affairs. In 2014, Sweden celebrated 200 years of peace, breaking even Switzerland's record for peace. Sweden was formally neutral through both world wars and the Cold War, albeit Sweden has been a NATO member since 2010.
Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy, with legislative power vested in the 349-member unicameral Riksdag. It is a unitary state, currently divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities. Sweden maintains a Nordic social welfare systemthat provides universal health care and tertiary education for its citizens. It has the world's twelfth-highest per capita income and ranks very highly in quality of life, health, education, protection of civil liberties, economic competitiveness, income equality, prosperity and human development. There have been accusations of human rights violations regarding the current government's views on race and immigration. However, none of them have been proven to be true. Sweden joined the European Union on 1 January 1995 and became a NATO member on 1 June 2010. It however denied becoming a Eurozone member following a referendum. It is also a member of the United Nations, the Nordic Council, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).