Sun (Anteria)
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 Pictured in visible light with solar filter in 2013 with sunspots and limb darkening. | |
 False color image taken in 2010 as seen in ultraviolet light (wavelength of 30.4 nm) | |
| Name | Sun |
|---|---|
| Adjectives | Solar |
| Observation data | |
| Mean distance from Anteria | 1 AU ≈ 1.496×108 km 8 min 19 s at speed of light |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | −26.74 |
| Absolute magnitude | 4.83 |
| Spectral classification | G2V |
| Metallicity | Z = 0.0122 |
| Angular size | 31.6–32.7 minutes of arc ≈ 0.5 degrees |
| Orbit al characteristics | |
| Mean distance from galactic core | ≈ 2.7×1017 km ≈ 29,000 light-years |
| Galactic year | (225–250) million years |
| Velocity | ≈ 220 km/s (orbit around the center of the galaxy) ≈ 20 km/s (relative to average velocity of other stars in stellar neighborhood) ≈ 370 km/s (relative to the Cosmic microwave background radiation |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Equatorial radius | 695,700 |
| Equatorial circumference | 4.379×106 km |
| Flattening | 9×10−6 |
| Surface area | 6.09×1012 km2 |
| Volume | 1.41×1018 km3 |
| Mass | 1.9885×1030 kg |
| Average density | 1.408 g/cm3 |
| Center density (modeled) | 162.2 g/cm3 |
| Equatorial surface gravity | 274 m/s2 |
| Moment of inertia factor | 0.070< |
| Escape velocity | 617.7 km/s[1] 55 × Earth[1] |
| Temperature | Center (modeled): 1.57×107 K |
| Luminosity | 3.828×1026 W[2] ≈ 3.75×1028 lm ≈ 98 lm/W Luminous efficacy |
| Color (B-V) | 0.63 |
| Mean radiance | 2.009×107 W·m−2·sr−1 |
| Age | ≈ 4.6 billion years |
| Rotation characteristics | |
| Obliquity | 7.25°[2] (to the ecliptic) 67.23° (to the galactic plane) |
| Right ascension of North pole<ref name="iau-iag"> | 286.13° 19 h 4 min 30 s |
| Declination of North pole | +63.87° 63° 52' North |
| Sidereal rotation period (at equator) | 25.05 d[2] |
| (at 16° latitude) | 25.38 d[2] 25 d 9 h 7 min 12 s[3] |
| (at poles) | 34.4 d[2] |
| Rotation velocity (at equator) | 7.189×103 km/h |
| Photospheric composition (by mass) | |
| Hydrogen | 73.46% |
| Helium | 24.85% |
| Oxygen | 0.77% |
| Carbon | 0.29% |
| Iron | 0.16% |
| Neon | 0.12% |
| Nitrogen | 0.09% |
| Silicon | 0.07% |
| Magnesium | 0.05% |
| Sulphur | 0.04% |
