Huran

Huran (Standard Huranian: 華州 Huázhōu) is a geographic and cultural region in mainland Isuan. Stretching from the Pathanian steppe in the west to the Sea of Qes, its core encompasses the nations of X, Tsungfa and Yol, though other nations such as Palchae have been considered to be at least partially linked to the Huranian cultural sphere. It is marked by a shared linguistic group, the Huranian languages of which the Standardised dialect is considered to be a common prestige dialect, and a degree of cultural commonality which stems from the historical existence of several centralising Huranian dynastic states which have historically united the region. Though a Pan-Huranian idenity has historically existed and been significant politically, the region remains divided into a range of polities.

A central cradle of civilisation in Isuan, Huranian societies were some of the first in the east to adopt sedentary living practices based around paddy agriculture. This crop facilitated the rise of centralised polities, granting the early Huranians an advantage in manpower and food stability over their neighbours. This led to the Huranian expansion, which saw the assimilation and extermination of a large range of people groups and the grwoth of Huranian civilisation. Huran became a centre of learning and technological development, backed by state subsidy under the NAME Dynasty. Huran became a land-based rival to the emerging Alawokambese milieu's sea-based trade confederations, eclipsing them under the Gao Dynasty which is regarded as a peak of mid-Huranian civilisation. After a century of success, the Gao fell into civil war and this allowed the Alawokambese to acheive a hegemony on coastal Huran and spread their religion, Macakkanism. Though direct Alawokamebese control was only fleeting, the influence on culture was significant due to the spread of Macakkanism. Huranian Macakkanism spread across the region, replacing the earlier Tongjiism and Hasranism which was followed in western Huran due to Pathanian influences. The Kuang Dynasty led by Zeng Yijun represented the first Huranian dynasty to unite Huran under a Macakkanist emperor, and would rule from the early tenth century until the fourtheenth. Huran was the nexus of the early Barukung school, with the Four Eternals all hailing from Huran. The Great Tribulation which followed had a marked effect on Huranian society. Succeeding dynasties and interregna would follow in the aftermath of the Great Tribulation, resulting in the Insert Dynasty. It was during this time that the Huranian world began to come into greater contact with Auressia. Over the following centuries, Auressian states would enforce their hegemony over Huran, gaining concessions and dominance. This colonial legacy is often associated with Huran's current divisions, as the Auressian powers imparted their own spheres of influence over the ailing central Huranian state which weakened the idea of Huranian unity.

Etymology

The term Huran, which is the most widely used word to denote the Huranian cultural region in the western world, is an exonym which stems from Ecclesiastic Pathanian, the dominant language in the classical Hasranic world. It is a Rythenism of the Sabarine Huranæ, from the Ecclesiastical Pathanian 𐬵𐬏𐬭𐬁𐬥 Hūrān. The etymology of Hūrān is disputed. In Pathanian the word means "Land of the Sun", which given the perception of Huran as being the furthest eastern state can be interpreted as "Land of the Rising Sun". Another path of etymology revolves around the Huranian endonym for their people, 花人 Huārén, which given its phonetic similarity would also explain the name, with the meaning being added later. Huran has also been written as Hurania in some documents, though this spelling is now regarded as somewhat dated.

There have been several names for Huran which have emerged within the literature and history of the region. Most imperial dynasties referred to themseves as "Great Dynasty", such as with the Gao Dynasty who referred to themselves as(Standard Huranian: 大高 Dà Gāo). Such dynasty-based naming systems therefore make it hard to refer to the whole region as the borders of these states varied wildly. Some of the more common names for the region were 江山 Jiāngshān, meaning "Mountains and Rivers" in reference to the vastness of the land, and 天下 Tiānxià meaning "Under Heaven". In the 1800s, the poetic term 華州 Huázhōu became the most commonly used. Meaning "Land of Flowery Beauty", it evoked a romantic sense of national identity. This term is now the most widely used in Huranian literature and languages, though it is not widely used in western contexts.