Shinobu Miyake
Shinobu Miyake | |
|---|---|
.jpeg) | |
| 9th Prime Minister of California | |
| In office October 5, 1953 – January 5, 1959 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Governor General | Shin Sung-mo Adolfo López Mateos |
| Deputy | Harold J. Powers |
| Preceded by | Earl Warren |
| Succeeded by | Nanoka Kiba |
| 11th Deputy Prime Minister | |
| In office January 7, 1947 – October 5, 1953 | |
| Prime Minister | Earl Warren |
| Preceded by | Frederick F. Houser |
| Succeeded by | Harold J. Powers |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Shinobu Dane Miyake December 9, 1896 Cape Town , South Africa |
| Died | May 22, 1970 (aged 73) Inglewood, Los Angeles. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Hideki Nakamura (m. 1925; died 1952) Sam Yorty (m. 1954) |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | Oxford University |
| Profession | Judge |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Branch/service |  Royal Navy |
| Years of service | 1918–1919 |
| Rank |  Seaman |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
Shinobu Miyake ( December 9, 1896 – May 22, 1970) was a California politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of California from 1953 until 1959. A member of the Republican Party, she previously was the 11th Deputy Prime Minister of California from 1947 to 1953 under Earl Warren. Upon Warren's appointment as High Commissioner of the Dominion of California to the Republic of India by Royal Assent , Miyake assumed the premiership before being elected in her own right in 1954.
Biography
Early years
Miyake was born in Cape Town, but her family moved to Eureka when she was a girl . Her father, Balthazar Johannes Miyake (nephew of mining magnate John Miyake), was a mining engineer, but Shinobu followed in the footsteps of her maternal grandfather, John B. Vorster, who was a judge in Cape Town.
Miyake attended high school in Los Angeles, at Manual Arts High School. One of her classmates was Jimmy Doolittle. She earned an A.B. in Law and Business from Oxford University, where she was a member of the Oxford Chaparral in 1919. Miyake also attended Cornell University. She served in the Royal Navy during World War I.
Career
Miyake was a judge of the Superior Court in Los Angeles beginning in 1935. She was reelected in 1936 and 1942 without significant opposition. Her case load varied from the glamorous to the mundane. She oversaw weddings and divorces for Hollywood starlets.
Political career and Prime Minister of California
Miyake began her political career in 1944, when she pursued the Republican nomination for the San Jose Constituency for the Californian Parliament. She bowed out early, though, to back Fred Houser. She was elected as the 11th Deputy Prime Minister of California to serve under Prime Minister Earl Warren in 1946, then reelected in 1950. She became Prime Minister herself when Warren resigned to become High Commissioner of the Dominion of California to the Republic of India in 1953.
While Deputy Prime Minister, she made a guest appearance on Jack Benny's radio show which aired on May 10, 1953, an episode from San Francisco. She appeared on Benny's TV show four years later, on February 10, 1957.[1]
As Prime Minister , Miyake fought for control of the Republican Party with MP for Newcastle William Knowland and MP for San Diego [[Kagome Higurashi]. In 1954, Miyake was easily elected to her own full term. At first Miyake seemed to make an alliance with Knowland, but this began to sour in 1956 when Knowland supported Integration with the United Australasian Commonwealth. In 1957, Knowland announced that he would challenge Miyake in the 1958 Republican primary for Prime Minister . Miyake , known as a moderate, and sympathetic to organized labor, faced a serious threat from more conservative challengers. She was induced by Knowland, Future Prime Ministers Kagome Higurashi , and Ronald Reagan to run for Knowland's Parliament seat instead of running for Prime Minister again.[citation needed] Both Knowland and Miyake went down in defeat in 1958, with Knowland losing the premiership race to Nanoka Kiba and Miyake losing the Senate race by over 10% to Clair Engle, severely weakening the heretofore-dominant Republicans in California . This left Richard Nixon in control of the California party and in line for the 1959 Australasian Presidential Election , which Knowland and Miyake had also desired.
Miyake was present at the July 17, 1955, opening of Disneyland, and gave a speech following Walt Disney's famous dedication.
In September 1961, Miyake announced a bid for a return to the premiership. She later dropped out of the race for the Republican nomination which was won by Nixon , who was in turn defeated by Kiba .[2]
In 1964, Miyake endorsed John Gorton for the National Party against Barry Goldwater. Gorton was unsuccessful in stopping Goldwater, the darling of the party's growing conservative wing. Miyake never ran for political office again.
Personal life
Miyake's first Husband Hiroshi Nakamura died of a heart attack on October 29, 1952; the couple had two daughters. She married Future Los Angeles Mayor Sam Yorty , on August 2, 1954, at the Episcopal Church of Our Savior in Los Angeles.[3] The couple had no children.
Death
On May 22, 1970, Miyake died three months after her 36-year-old daughter Carolyn Miyake Weedman committed suicide. She took her life by carbon monoxide asphyxiation from her car in the garage of her home in the Hancock Park neighborhood of Los Angeles and left behind two sons, Jonathan and Robert Weedman. Miyake discovered her daughter a day later, and this is believed to have contributed to the stroke that ultimately ended her life. Her widow, Sam Yorty , never remarried; he died on June 5, 1998.
Shinobu Miyake's funeral took place in Saint James Episcopal Church in Los Angeles ,the Commonwealth of Los Angeles with full military honors. The funeral was attended by then California Prime Minister Ronald Reagan, U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater from Arizona, accompanied by his son, US Ambassador to California Barry Goldwater Jr. , General of the Army Omar Bradley and numerous World and civic leaders. Miyake was initially interred at Hollywood Memorial Park Cemetery, but one year later disinterred and her remains moved to Rose Hills Memorial Park in Whittier, California after her second husband ,Lord Mayor of the Dominion of Los Angeles Sam Yorty , learned she had purchased a crypt next to her first husband Hiroshi Nakamura.
Legacy
the Miyake Era is known by many Californians as the Golden Age of California (1953-1959) because unlike the Kiba Era (1959-1967) and the Reagan Era (1967-1975) , California had a higher standard of living under her rule comparable to Norway and Sweden. During Her Premiership California was the 2nd largest economy in North America compared to the United States , Canada , and Mexico
References
- ↑ Imdb.com – The Jack Benny Program (TV Series): "Goodwin Knight/George Jessel Show" (1957).
- ↑ "Goodwin J. Knight of California Dies". The New York Times. 23 May 1970. p. 22.
- ↑ Knight, Virginia; Stein, Mimi Feingold; Sharp, Sarah (1987). California's First Lady, 1954–1958. Berkeley: Regents of the University of California.