Gulkhana Complex

The Chalkidnoi Castle and Gulkhana palace complex is a collection of castles, palaces, villas, and pavillions located in the Gulkhana suburb of Alexandropolis. The very recognizable structure is notable for its long association with the Mesogeian Imperial family, and for its medieval architecture. The original Chalkidnoi Castle was constructed in the 6th century AD by Emperor Peroz V.

In the 11th century Michael XII made the castle his main residence with the remaining members of the Chalkidinos and later Megabagiaridas dynasties continuing to make use of the palace centuries later. The core design of Michael XII's castle was expanded by Zoe II and Manuel V in the 15th and 16th centuries. The castle survived the disastrous wars or religion and civil wars of the 17th century. During the long reign of Constantine XV the palace was lavishly furnished with its interiors being given a baroque design. During the mid 18th century it suffered neglect, due to successive monarchs favoring other residences.

After decades of neglect, the Chalkidinoi castle was restored at a colossal expense by Theodora II, who was also responsible for constructing the Gulkhana (flower house) palace, which featured an interiors in the Rococo, Gothic, and Baroque styles in addition to more traditional Mesogeian styles.

During the joint rule of Theodora III and Michael XIV during the mid 19th century the castle and palace complex was the centre for lavish royal celebrations.

Presently the castle is a major tourist and the favored residence of the Empress Elena II.

Architecture

The Chalkidinoi Castle sits on a 52.5-square-kilometres (13,000-acre) wooded park and game reserve maintained with deer.

History

The Chalkidioi Castle was originally built in the 5th century by Leo II who constructed it to serve as a defensive fortification against attacks from the north of the capital of Alexandropolis. It was also built on what was once a large forest now known as the Gulkhana Imperial Park. Although the Great Palace at Alexandropolis has continued to serve as the official residence of the Mesogeian monarchs ever since its founding the castle and palaces at Gulkhana has been used extensively.