Former Legislatures of Thermodolia
This is a listing of all Former legislatures of Thermodolia
National Senate
National Senate Grœtha Sæcan | |
|---|---|
| Legislative body in the Interim Government of Thermodolia | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Established | 23 July, 1888 |
| Disbanded | 9 October, 1898 |
| Preceded by | Legal Commission of Thermodolia |
| Succeeded by | Federal Parliament |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 50 |
 | |
Political groups |
|
| Elections | |
| First Past the Post | |
Last election | 20 January, 1898 |
The National Senate was one of two legislatures of the Interim Government the other being the shortlived Legal Commission of Thermodolia. The senate was composed of fifty nonpartisan Senators elected from each of the fifty provinces of the Interim Government, with each province sending at least one member.
It was from Article One of the Interim Constitution of Thermodolia where the National Senate obtained its powers. The senate was headed by a President of the National Senate who was elected by the members of the senate and had no vote in the meetings of the same. The only powers granted to the President was the ablity to schedule votes, take roll calls, set the legislative calendar, and have the power over other general proceedings. The President of the National Senate was also the first in line to assume the presidency if the President of the Interim Government was ever incapacitated or removed from office.
The National Senate held the sole power to pass all laws in the interim government, to aprove of the judical and other appiontments, to approve of treaties, to force the President of the Interim Government to sign bills by a three fifths vote (under the constitution the president did not have the power to veto any bill but could refuse to grant assent) and the other matters lisited in the powers section of this article.
The National Senate was dissolved at 12:00 9 October 1898 after a vote was held that morning in accordance with the Third Amendment of the Interim Constitution of Thermodolia and the Dissolution of Government Act
Powers of the National Senate
These powers listed below are from Section Seven of Article One of the Interim Constitution of Thermodolia:
The National Senate shall have the power to raise revenue, set taxes, and collect all taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay all debts and to provide for defense, general welfare, and all other matters of Thermodolia
To borrow money on the credit of Thermodolia;
To regulate commerce with foreign Nations, and among the provinces;
To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the Thermodolia;
To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin;
To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of Thermodolia;
To establish post offices and the means to transport the post;
To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing patents for authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries;
To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and Offense against the law of this nation;
To declare war and make rules concerning captures on land and water;
To raise and support armies and to provide and maintain a navy;
To make rules for the governance and regulation of the land and naval forces;
To provide for calling forth the military to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions;
To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of Thermodolia, or in any ministry or officer thereof.
Legal Commission of Thermodolia
The Legal Commission of Thermodolia was the first of the two legislatures of the Interim Government, the other being the previously discussed National Senate. The Legal Commission was shortlived, existing only from 11 April 1888 to 23 July of that same year. The commission was composed of the then current members of the Supreme Revolutionary Council and had no elections as it was a temporary body. Under Section Three of the Basic Law of Thermodolia the Legal Commission of Thermodolia derived its powers.
The Legal Commission had the ablity to enact all laws and approve all treaties. The President had the power to veto any law he wished to but the commission could overturn that veto with a sitxy percent vote on the matter.
Once the Interim Constitution of Thermodolia was in force the Legal Commission ceased to exist as its goals and functions had been achieved.
Congress of the Corporate Republic
The Congress of the Corporate Republic (Gardœn Dênśac Ræńa in Thermodolian) was the bicameral legislative body of the Corporate Republic of Thermodolia. It came into being with the promulgation of the Constitution of the Corporate Republic on 11 April 1833 and lasted until the Popular Revolution on 10 April 1888.
The two houses of the legislature where the 50 member Corporate Council (as the upper chamber) and the 150 member People's Assembly (as the lower chamber).
The Corporate Council was the orginal and most powerful of the two chambers being solely responsible for the budget, the approval of all treaties, the approval of all judges and Presidential appointees, the power to appoint the President, amend the constitution, remove officers and the president from office and could overrule and ignore the People's Assembly if they so decided with 65% of the members of the chamber voting in favor of such.
The People's Assembly only came about during the reforms of George Hélvas in 1875 which created the chamber. It had the ability to present and vote on new legislation, the sole power to remove the Vice President from his office, and had the ability to offer advice on budgets if the Corporate Council allowed it. The Assembly also had the power to appoint the Vice President, the office was orginally appointed by the President, however the Vice President could not assume the powers of the Presidency unless the Corporate Council appointed them. As such the Vice President only held acting powers of the Presidency if the president was incapacitated, died, or removed from office.
Unlike the Corporate Council (which was composed of 50 members appointed by major corporations, industry leaders, the military, and religious leaders) the 150 member People's Assembly was elected by First Past the Post in 150 single member districts. While the assembly could not change the election method they did have the power over who could be elected, who could vote, and the size of the districts. The last election for legislature was in 1882 for the Corporate Council after the election of the new president and in 1886 for the People's Assembly as an attempt by then president Mathis Fæth to hopefully stem the growing tide of calls for the end of the Corporate Republic.
Imperial Parliament
The Imperial Parliament was the second and last legislative body of the Thermodolian Empire, the first one being the Royal Council. It came into being when the Constitution of the Empire of Thermodolia was promulgated on 20 June 1743. It lasted until Martin Davens' Republican Coup on 20 March 1832, though technically it existed de jure until 11 April 1833 when it was superseded by the Constitution of the Corporate Republic, and therfore the Congress of the Corporate Republic.
The Imperial Parliament had the authority to pass all manner of laws, approve of ratified treaties, and control the budget. The Emperor, or Empress, had the sole power to grant assent and the parliament could not force that assent, however it was rare for the monarch to deny assent.
The body was unicameral and held 75 members who where all elected by first past the post in 75 single member districts. It gained its power from Article Seven of the Constitution of the Empire of Thermodolia.
Royal Council
Was the first legislature of the Thermodolian Empire. It existed from the beginning of the Empire until the promulgation of the Imperial Constitution in 1743. It was a purely advisory body with all of its members being appointed by the monarch.
State Assembly
The State Assembly was the legislative body of the The 2nd Republic of Thermodolia, which came to be after the republican military coup. It nominally existed from 1 April 1193 to 4 November 1339 when the nation was overthrown in a military coup. However for most of its existence the powers of the body where suspended at first from 5 May 1206 to 4 March 1222, from 7 June 1231 until 1 May 1268, and from 5 March 1310 until the end of the republic in 1339.
During the periods when the Assembly had its powers it had a maximum of 45 members.
Board of Royal Advisers
The Board of Royal Advisers was the legislative body of the Kingdom of Thermodolia and existed from 24 May 1087, after the fall of the first republic to 2 May 1192, with the republican military coup.
Unlike the two previous legislative bodies, the Board of Royal Advisers was like its name suggests purely an advisory body and did not have any real legislative role as all real power was concentrated in the hands of the monarchs. As such the board was also solely appointed by the monarch with most sittings being around 15 members.
National Council
The National Council was the legislative body of the Republic of Thermodolia. It existed from the fall of the United Kingdom on 6 March 1045 to the fall of the republic in 1087 during the Royal Restoration ordered by then Chief of State Rasemôn Thgòrše, who then became King upon the declaration of the monarchy.
Royal Council
The Royal Council was the legislature of the United Kingdom. From 558 until 965 the legislature was appointed by the King until the dual revolts of the Peasants and the Lords forced the King into approving a elected body. The Council was composed of members of the class of Lords and was elected by them, however the King still had the power to appoint up to 20% of the chamber. At its hight the Royal Council had a total membership of 245.
This elected body would last from 965 until it, and the rest of the United Kingdom, was overthrown in the Republican Revoltion on 6 March 1045.
While the Royal Council had the abilty to pass and make laws the King still had the sole power to approve of all laws and the chamber could not overturn these decisions.