Mudun al-Jazira (Kali Yuga)
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Mudun al-Jazira(t) (مُدُن الجزيرةِ, literally "Cities of the [Arabian] Peninsula") or al-Mudun for short, is a collection of disunited city-states and tribal confederations located in the Arabian Peninsula. Some of the northernmost tribes and cities have territories within Rashidi Arabia and Memphia which border the patchwork of tribes and city-states to the north. while the rest of the region is surrounded by sea. The region has an overall estimated population of 95 Million, and is divided between numerous clans and tribes, twenty-four of which are dominant. The region is significant for being the birthplace of Islam, a major point of Abrahamic pilgrimage, having significant oil wealth, and being at the crossroads of vital global trade networks.
History
Prehistory
عن عبادة بن الصامت : أنه قال لابنه : يا بُنيّ، إنك لن نجد طعم الإيمان حتى تعلم أن ما أصابك لم يكن يخطئك، وما أخطأك لم يكن ليصيبك، سمعتُ رسول الله ﷺ يقول : ((إن أول ما خلق الله القلم، فقال له : "اكتب" فقال : "رب وماذا أكتب؟ قال : "اكتب مقادير كل شيء حتى تقوم الساعة")) يا بني، سمعتُ رسول الله ﷺ يقول :((من مات على غير هذا فليس مني.)) Ubadat bin as-Samit narrated that he had said to his son : "O my son! You shall never know the taste of faith until you know that whatever tragedy had befallen you was not wrong, and that which wrongs you is no tragedy! I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say : 'Verily the first thing that God had created was the pen, and he said to it : 'Write,' and so it replied : 'My lord, what shall I write?' and He said : 'Write of all the things I have decreed until the coming of the Hour.' And also my son, I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ saying : 'Whoever dies denying this, he is not of me."
In the beginning, before there was anything, God, Glorified and Exalted is He, created the Pen. Its shape and style are not known, but that it was a pen. The pen wrote all that would be as God had intended and created from the beginning of time, to the end of time.
﴾قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُ أَندَادًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ (9) وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِن فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ سَوَاءً لِّلسَّائِلِينَ (10)﴿
"Say : Do you disbelieve in He who had created the Earth in two periods, and you thus appoint for Him partners? That is the Lord of Existence! He had set upon it mountains, blessed it, and decreed within it sustenance in four periods in accordance with the needs of those who ask!"
Surat al-Fussilat 9-10
And God, exalted is He, created the Earth in two periods, and in the next four periods He furnished it with its many geographic features and blessed it with life. The Arabic "يوم" meaning "day" is used here, and may mean either days or epochs, perhaps meaning one literal day or many millions or billions of years; whatever the case, the truth rests with God and God knows best to withhold His knowledge or inspire it to whomever He wills from among His servants.
إِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خَالِقٌ بَشَرًا مِّن طِينٍ (71) فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سَاجِدِينَ (72) فَسَجَدَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كُلُّهُمْ أَجْمَعُونَ(73) إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ اسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ (74) قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَن تَسْجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ ۖ أَسْتَكْبَرْتَ أَمْ كُنتَ مِنَ الْعَالِينَ (75) قَالَ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِّنْهُ ۖ خَلَقْتَنِي مِن نَّارٍ وَخَلَقْتَهُ مِن طِينٍ (76) قَالَ فَاخْرُجْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٌ (77) وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ لَعْنَتِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ (78) قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنظِرْنِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ (79) قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ الْمُنظَرِينَ (80) إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْوَقْتِ الْمَعْلُومِ (81)قَالَ فَبِعِزَّتِكَ لَأُغْوِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (82) إِلَّا عِبَادَكَ مِنْهُمُ الْمُخْلَصِينَ (83) قَالَ فَالْحَقُّ وَالْحَقَّ أَقُولُ (84) لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنكَ وَمِمَّن تَبِعَكَ مِنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (85)
"When your Lord had said to the angels : 'I shall create man from clay, and when I shape and breathe into him a soul which I have created you must prostrate before him.' And so all the angels fell in prostration before him, except Iblis who had become arrogant and disbelieving. God said : 'O Iblis! What prevents you from prostration before that which I have created with my own two hands? Do you allege yourself greater, or are you greater?' He said : 'I am better than he. You have created me from fire, and you created him from clay.' God said : 'Begone from here, for you are now outcast! Upon you is my curse until the end of days!' He said : ' My Lord! Offer me at the very least respite till the Day of Ressurrection!' And God said : 'Then you will have respite, till the day of the appointed time.' And he said : 'And with your grace, I shall mislead humanity altogether save for the most sincere of your slaves from them!' And God said : 'And the Truth is, and the Truth I say : I shall fill the hellfire with you and your followers altogether.'"
Surat as-Saad 71 - 85
Before the time of Man, God, exalted is He, had first created angels and genies. The angels were created from light, and the genies from fire. Like man, genies were capable of free will and ruled the Earth before our time; and from among them was Iblis, who was a devout servant of God and alongside his believers were said to almost be like angels, and were thus sometimes counted among them. However when God had created Adam, peace be upon him, and commanded the angels to prostrate before him, Iblis refused saying that he was better, refusing to believe in the eternal wisdom of God in commanding his prostration before Adam. For that sin of disbelief, Iblis and his followers, may God curse them, were cast out from Heaven and cursed by God. From then on, Iblis became known as ash-Shaytan ar-Rajeem (الشيطان الرجيم), literally "the Accursed Devil." Granted immortality as respite until the Endtimes, this Devil, God curse him, has dedicated his life to misleading Adam, peace be upon him, and his children from the path of faith and righteousness.
وَقُلْنَا يَـٰٓـَٔادَمُ ٱسْكُنْ أَنتَ وَزَوْجُكَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنْهَا رَغَدًا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَـٰذِهِ ٱلشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ (35) فَأَزَلَّهُمَا ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ عَنْهَا فَأَخْرَجَهُمَا مِمَّا كَانَا فِيهِ ۖ وَقُلْنَا ٱهْبِطُوا۟ بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّۭ ۖ وَلَكُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُسْتَقَرٌّۭ وَمَتَـٰعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍۢ (36)
فَتَلَقَّىٰٓ ءَادَمُ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ كَلِمَـٰتٍۢ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ (37)
"And we said : 'O Adam, live with your wife in this garden and eat from it as freely as you would wish, but do not approach this tree lest you become sinners.' But the Devil deceived them, leading to their exile from the blissful place they were once in. And we said : 'Descend from this place as enemies to one another, and you shall find upon the Earth accommodation and provision for a brief period. And the Lord inspired Adam and so he repented, and God is accepting of repentance and most especially merciful."
Surat al-Baqarah 36-37
Adam, peace be upon him, and Eve lived in paradise for a time being, until by God's decree they had disobeyed Him due to the whispers of the Devil, and it was declared that they would be cast out from paradise and thrown to the Earth as enemies to one another. For his sin, Adam repented and became a prophet; but Iblis did not, and would continue to lead man astray. Adam had landed in India and with him was a white stone from paradise, whereas his wife Even had landed in Jeddah. Man of that day and age was of greater stature and age, as Adam was sixty cubits tall and lived to a millennium, and travelled the Earth seeking his wife until the two had met one another at Mt. Arafat around the modern location of Baca in Arabia. A great many years passed between Adam and Noah, peace be upon them both. It is reported that between them passed a hundred qarn (قرن ; plural : Qurun [قرون],) with qarn being various interpreted as century or generation; and as man of that time could live almost a thousand years, then certainly a generation of that era would encompass centuries, but the knowledge of its meaning is with God, and God knows best to withhold and inspire His knowledge to whomever He wills. And during the time of Noah, peace be upon him, there came righteous pious men : Wadd, Suwa', Yaghuth, Ya'uq, and Nas'r; and they had many followers. And when these righteous men passed, their followers were filled with such grief that allowed the Devil to whisper into their hearts and so they created idols in their image to remember them by; and as they passed, the succeeding generation through the whispers of the Devil began to worship these idols as gods.
إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِۦٓ أَنْ أَنذِرْ قَوْمَكَ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ (1) قَالَ يَـٰقَوْمِ إِنِّى لَكُمْ نَذِيرٌۭ مُّبِينٌ (2) أَنِ ٱعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱتَّقُوهُ وَأَطِيعُونِ (3) يَغْفِرْ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمْ وَيُؤَخِّرْكُمْ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّى ۚ إِنَّ أَجَلَ ٱللَّهِ إِذَا جَآءَ لَا يُؤَخَّرُ ۖ لَوْ كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ (4) قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّى دَعَوْتُ قَوْمِى لَيْلًۭا وَنَهَارًۭا (5) فَلَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ دُعَآءِىٓ إِلَّا فِرَارًۭا (6) وَإِنِّى كُلَّمَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ جَعَلُوٓا۟ أَصَـٰبِعَهُمْ فِىٓ ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَٱسْتَغْشَوْا۟ ثِيَابَهُمْ وَأَصَرُّوا۟ وَٱسْتَكْبَرُوا۟ ٱسْتِكْبَارًۭا (7) ثُمَّ إِنِّى دَعَوْتُهُمْ جِهَارًۭا (8) ثُمَّ إِنِّىٓ أَعْلَنتُ لَهُمْ وَأَسْرَرْتُ لَهُمْ إِسْرَارًۭا (9) فَقُلْتُ ٱسْتَغْفِرُوا۟ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ غَفَّارًۭا (10) يُرْسِلِ ٱلسَّمَآءَ عَلَيْكُم مِّدْرَارًۭا (11) وَيُمْدِدْكُم بِأَمْوَٰلٍۢ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍۢ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ أَنْهَـٰرًۭا (12) مَّا لَكُمْ لَا تَرْجُونَ لِلَّهِ وَقَارًۭا (13) وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا (14) أَلَمْ تَرَوْا۟ كَيْفَ خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ سَبْعَ سَمَـٰوَٰتٍۢ طِبَاقًۭا (15) وَجَعَلَ ٱلْقَمَرَ فِيهِنَّ نُورًۭا وَجَعَلَ ٱلشَّمْسَ سِرَاجًۭا (16) وَٱللَّهُ أَنۢبَتَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ نَبَاتًۭا (17) ثُمَّ يُعِيدُكُمْ فِيهَا وَيُخْرِجُكُمْ إِخْرَاجًۭا (18) وَٱللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلْأَرْضَ بِسَاطًۭا (19) لِّتَسْلُكُوا۟ مِنْهَا سُبُلًۭا فِجَاجًۭا (20) قَالَ نُوحٌۭ رَّبِّ إِنَّهُمْ عَصَوْنِى وَٱتَّبَعُوا۟ مَن لَّمْ يَزِدْهُ مَالُهُۥ وَوَلَدُهُۥٓ إِلَّا خَسَارًۭا (21) وَمَكَرُوا۟ مَكْرًۭا كُبَّارًۭا (22) وَقَالُوا۟ لَا تَذَرُنَّ ءَالِهَتَكُمْ وَلَا تَذَرُنَّ وَدًّۭا وَلَا سُوَاعًۭا وَلَا يَغُوثَ وَيَعُوقَ وَنَسْرًۭا (23) وَقَدْ أَضَلُّوا۟ كَثِيرًۭا ۖ وَلَا تَزِدِ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ إِلَّا ضَلَـٰلًۭا (24) مِّمَّا خَطِيٓـَٔـٰتِهِمْ أُغْرِقُوا۟ فَأُدْخِلُوا۟ نَارًۭا فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا۟ لَهُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَنصَارًۭا (25) وَقَالَ نُوحٌۭ رَّبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ مِنَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ دَيَّارًا (26) إِنَّكَ إِن تَذَرْهُمْ يُضِلُّوا۟ عِبَادَكَ وَلَا يَلِدُوٓا۟ إِلَّا فَاجِرًۭا كَفَّارًۭا (27) رَّبِّ ٱغْفِرْ لِى وَلِوَٰلِدَىَّ وَلِمَن دَخَلَ بَيْتِىَ مُؤْمِنًۭا وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتِ وَلَا تَزِدِ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ إِلَّا تَبَارًۢا (28) "Verily we have sent Noah to his people. 'That you may warn your people before a painful torment approaches them!' He said : 'O my people, I am clearly a warner for you! That you may worship God and obey, so that He may forgive your sins and offer you respite till your appointed time! Verily if death arrives, it is as God had decreed, and he will never delay it for anyone if only you knew!' And he said [to his Lord] : 'My Lord! I have called upon my people day and night, yet my calls do not increase them in anything except flight! Every time I call upon them that you may forgive them, they plug their fingers into their ears, cover themselves up in their garments, become obstinate and boast in arrogance! And I have called upon them in public, and in secret, and I have told them : 'Seek forgiveness from your Lord for He is Oft Forgiving. He sends the sky to shower you, blesses you with wealth and children and grants you bountiful gardens and flowing rivers! What is the matter with you that you do not long for God in dignity seeing that He has created you in stages? Do you not see how God created the seven heavens one above the other? And created therein the moon as a light and the sun as a lamp? And God has planted you upon the Earth like crop, and to the Earth He shall return you to and from which He shall resurrect you. And God has appointed for you a vast world,
Ancient Era
Hellenistic Era
Islamic Era
Prophetic
Rashidun
Abu Bakr
Umar
Uthman
Ali
Umayyad
Abbasid
Ottoman
Western Era
Geography
Geography
Economy
Economy
Population
Demographics
Population
Religion
Religion
Culture
Culture
Tribal Divisions
Tribal Divisions
| Tribe | Description | Territories |
|---|---|---|
| Banu Hassan | The Banu Hassan are descendants of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ through his grandson Hassan bin Ali, May Allah be pleased with him. | |
| Banu Hussayn | The Banu Hussayn are descendants of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ through his grandson Hussayn bin Ali, May Allah be pleased with him. | |
| Banu Qasim | The Banu Qasim, also known as the Rassids, are an offshoot of the Banu Hussayn, named after al-Qasim ar-Rassi. | |
| Banu Juhainah | ||
| Banu Hanifa | The Banu Hanifa are a highly influential sedentary Arab tribe that populates the al-Yamamah Oasis. | |
| Banu Abd al-Qays | ||
| Banu Azd Uman | ||
| Banu Mahra | ||
| Banu Kinda | ||
| Banu Hamdan | ||
| Banu al-Harith | The Banu al-Harith or Bnei Chorath are a powerful Jewish Arab tribe based in Najran. | |
| Banu Judham | ||
| Banu Lakhm | ||
| Banu Ghassan | The Banu Ghassan are a large and powerful Christian Arab tribe. | |
| Banu Hawazin | ||
| Banu Tamim | ||
| Banu Sulaym | ||
| Banu Ghatafan | ||
| Banu Tayy | ||
| Banu Asad | ||
| Banu Bali | ||
| Banu Kalb | ||
| Banu Bakr | ||
| Banu Udhra |