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Administrative divisions of Germany (TNO:ANM)
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The German Reich is a unitary state which consists of 41 Reichsgaue, of which 3 are autonomous.
Germany was initially conceived as a federal state in 1871, first as a federal monarchy with the German Empire and then as a federal republic in the Weimar Republic. In 1933, the Gleichschaltung (lit. 'coordination') during the Nazi era de-facto abolished the states of Germany and established a unitary state, with the Nazi Party's Gaue (regions) being used for administrative purposes. Despite the Nazi regime falling in 1977, it was opted to keep the numerous Gaue and a unitary system in place of the former federal system.
List of Gaue
English name | German name | Capital | Established | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alsace | Elsaß | Metz | 1982 | Separated from Gau Baden in 1982 |
Baden | Baden | Karlsruhe | 1934 | Formed from the state of Baden; from 1940-1982 included the region of Alsace and named Baden-Elsass |
Bayreuth | Bayreuth | Bayreuth | 1934 | Originally named Bayerische Ostmark until June 1942 |
Berlin | Berlin | Berlin | 1934 | From 1945 - 1976 named "Germania" |
Bohemia | Böhmen | Prague | 1964 | Initially part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia |
Carinthia | Kärnten | Klagenfurt | 1938 | Formed from the Austrian states of Carinthia and the region of Eastern Tyrol |
Cologne-Aachen | Köln-Aachen | Cologne | 1934 | Formed from the north-central part of the Prussian province of the Rhine |
Danzig-West Prussia | Danzig–Westpreußen | Danzig | 1939 | Formed out of the Free City of Danzig, the Pomeranian Voivoideship and the territory of the Governorate of West Prussia within East Prussia |
East Prussia | Ostpreußen | Königsberg | 1934 | Formed from the Prussian province of East Prussia, also including territories annexed from Poland from 1939 |
Franconia | Franken | Nuremburg | 1982 | Formed out of a merger of Gau Franconia and Gau Main-Franconia |
Hamburg | Hamburg | Hamburg | 1934 | Formed out of the territory of the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg |
Hesse | Hessen | Frankfurt am Main | 1982 | Formed out of a merger of Gau Electoral Hesse and Gau Hesse-Nassau |
Hanover-Brunswick | Hannover-Braunschweig | Hanover | 1982 | Formed out of a merger of Gau Eastern Hanover and Gau Southern Hanover-Brunswick |
Lorraine | Lothringen | Metz | 1982 | Separated from Gau Westmark in 1982 |
Lower Danube | Niederdonau | Krems an der Donau | 1938 | Formed from Lower Austria and northern Burgenland |
Lower Silesia | Niederschlesien | Breslau | 1941 | Formed out of the territory of the Prussian province of Lower Silesia |
March of Brandenburg | Mark Brandenburg | Frankfurt an der Oder | 1934 | Formed from the Prussian province of Brandenburg |
Mecklenburg | Mecklenburg | Schwerin | 1934 | Formed out of the states of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
Moravia | Mähren | Brünn | 1964 | Initially part of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia |
Moselland | Moselland | Koblenz | 1934 | Formed from the southern half of the Prussian province of the Rhine and from 1940 the country of Luxemburg |
Munich-Upper Bavaria | München-Oberbayern | Munich | 1934 | Formed from the southeastern part of Bavaria |
Pomerania | Pommern | Stettin | 1934 | Formed from the Prussian province of Pomerania |
Ruhr | Ruhrgau | Düsseldorf | 1982 | Formed from a merger of Gau Essen and Gau Düsseldorf |
Saar-Palatinate | Saarpfalz | Saarbrücken | 1934 | From 1940-1982 named Westmark and included the region of Lorraine |
Salzburg | Salzburg | Salzburg | 1938 | Formed from the Austrian state of Salzburg |
Saxony | Sachsen | Dresden | 1934 | Formed out of the territory of Saxony |
Saxony-Anhalt | Sachsen-Anhalt | Magdeburg | 1982 | Formed out of a merger of Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt and Gau Halle-Merseburg |
Styria | Steiermark | Graz | 1938 | Formed from the Austrian state of Styria and the southern part of Burgenland |
Sudetenland | Sudetenland | Reichenberg | 1938 | Formed from the predominantly German speaking area of Czechoslovakia that was annexed to Germany after the Munich Agreement |
Thuringia | Thüringen | Weimar | 1934 | Formed from the state of Thuringia and exclaves of the Prussian province of Saxony |
Tyrol-Vorarlberg | Tirol-Vorarlberg | Innsbruck | 1938 | Formed out of the Austrian states of Tyrol and Vorarlberg |
Upper Danube | Oberdonau | Linz | 1938 | Formed from the Austrian state of Upper Austria, also including a part of Styria |
Upper Silesia | Oberschlesien | Kattowitz | 1941 | Formed from the Prussian province of Upper Silesia |
Vienna | Wien | Vienna | 1938 | Formed from the Austrian state of Vienna along with surrounding territories of Oberdonau |
Wartheland | Wartheland | Posen | 1939 | Formed out of numerous Polish voivodeships in the region |
Weser-Ems | Weser-Ems | Oldenburg | 1934 | Formed from the Free State of Oldenburg (excluding exclaves), Bremen and the western part of the Prussian province of Hanover |
Westphalia | Westfalen | Dortmund | 1982 | Formed from a merger of Gau Westphalia-North and Gau Westphalia-South |
Württemberg-Hohenzollern | Württemberg-Hohenzollern | Stuttgart | 1934 | Formed out of the state of Württemberg and the Prussian province of Hohenzollern |