Calamari

The Federal Republic of Calamari / The Calamarian Trade Federation Федеративная Республика Хусма
Flag of Calamari Flag
Motto: "Справедливость-наш щит" English: "Justice is our shield"
Anthem: Марта в Архангельске (English: "March of Arkhangelsk")
Location of Calamari
Capital and largest city	Arkhangelsk
Official languages	Russian, English, Serbian
Ethnic groups	85.4% Xussmen 15.2% Hyberian 0.3% Cythusian >0.1% Others
Religion	Eastern Orthodox (official and dominant)
Demonym(s)	Calamarians
Government	Plutocratic Federal Republic Theocracy
• President	Brandon Price
• Patriarch of Arkhangelsk and all Xus'	Dmitry Tarschencko
History
• Northern Empire	August 12, 1036
• Hyberian War	March 4, 1120
• Hyberian Kingdom	June 19, 1125
• Xussman Uprising	January 5, 1577
• Red December	December 13, 1578
• Xussmen Republic	April 27, 1599
• Hyberian Genocide	May 8, 1601
• Current Constitution	Febuary 1, 1602
Area
• Total	2,652,000 sq mi (6,870,000 km2) (7th)
• Water (%)	1.1
Population
• 2018 estimate	178 million (6th)
• Density	17.4/sq mi (6.7/km2) (9th)
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	$890 billion (13th)
• Per capita	$5,000 (11th)
Gini (2018)	52.6 high
HDI (2018)	0.772 high (14th)
Currency	Federal Rura (FRR)
Time zone	UTC1, 0, -1, -2, -3, -4 (Xussman Timezones)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+719b
Internet TLD	.frx
The Federal Rur is the currency in use. Telephone companies (market share): FedrCR (99%), DenvCR (1%).

Calamari, officially the Federal Republic of Calamari (Calamarian Russian: Федеративная Республика Хусма), is one of the largest nations on the North-Western landmass. It is bordered to the north by the Sea of Castamere, the south by Malgax, to the west by unclaimed territory, and to the east by Quebecshire. Xusma's capital and largest city is Arkhangeslk.

The Northern Empire was established in 1036 as a city-state Empire but was conquered by the Hyberians in 1120. Modern Xusma was established in 1599 as a Republic. Following the unsuccessful Hyberian War, the people of the small fallen empire were enslaved and abused, forced into hard labor for over 400 years.

Etymology

The name Xusma has its origins in the name of the native people group that founded the nation: the Xussmans.

History of Xusma

The Northern Empire and Hyberia

On August 12, 1036, Emperor Alexander Kuznetsov established an Empire. It was commonly called the Northern Empire. The Empire was confined to the city of Arkhangelsk for all of its existence.

Emperor Alexander Kuznetsov reigned from 1036-1075 as he died from a terminal disease. He was succeeded by his son Emperor Evgeni Kuznetsov who reigned from 1075-1119, when he was killed in battle, during the Hyberian War. With no leader and a burning city, the Northern Empire had no other choice but surrender to the Hyberian invaders. Resulting from their brutal loss, the remaining population of Xussmen were forced into hard labor as they were enslaved and abused for over 400 years.

On January 5th, 1577, Joseph Bosikov led a group of dozens of enraged slaves into what was called the Xussman Uprising, tormenting their superiors, vandalizing Hyberian property, and setting fire to a new age of revenge. After several events that caused a great disturbance in the Hyberian Kingdom led to an infamous marking of history called Red December. At the heart of Arkhangelsk, in Kazan Square, hundreds upon hundreds of Xussmen slaves gathered at a standoff in front of the Governor's Palace (the Winter Palace) on December 13th, 1578. It was estimated that over 100 Xussmen slaves died and around 400 arrested including the rebellious leader, Joseph Bosikov. During Bosikov's time in prison he wrote several letters to the Xussmen public, inspiring the remaining slaves to fight for their freedom.

Joseph Bosikov watched his people being continuously harassed and abused from his cell. He saw fellow slaves being publicly flogged and hanged. Joeseph Bosikov never gave up and waited for his people to strike again but unfortunately, in 1586 he passed away after being beaten up by Hyberian police guards. The news of his death enraged the Xussmen slaves once again and called for a final uprising to overthrow Hyberian rule. In 1595 Xussmen slaves once again broke free and stormed the Governor's Palace. This time successfully apprehending the governor and taking over the city-state of Arkhangelsk after several more raids.

The Federal Rupublic of Xusma

Within the walls of the Winter Palace in 1599, several members of the rebellion including, Thomas Maddox, Vladmir Bobrovsky, and Lucas Panarin wrote the Declaration of Independence. Another copy was made and sent to the Hyberian Kingdom as well as the severed head of Governor Crellin Vor. With the city of Arkhangeslk captured, the Xussmen Republic was born...On February 1st, 1602, The Federal Republic of Xusma was officially created when Thomas Maddox wrote the Xussman Constitution. Thomas Maddox was later on elected as the first President of Xusma.

The Hyberian Genocide

With Hyberian control over Arkhangelsk becoming no more, the remaining Hyberians left in the city-state were gathered up and sent to the Kazan Square. Just like the hundreds and thousands of Xussmen who were executed, the stranded Hyberian citizens were next to follow. In a course of several months from May 1601 to September of 1601, thousands of Hyberian citizens were executed by public hanging. For those who remained, they were forced into slavery and to obey their Xussmen superiors for the many years to come.

Geography

Xusma is a country extending over much of the northwestern continent. Due to its size, Xusma displays both monotony and diversity. As with its topography, its climates, vegetation, and soils span vast distances. From north to south the West Plains is clad sequentially in the tundra, coniferous forest, mixed and broadleaf forests, grassland (steppe), and semi-desert as the changes in vegetation reflect the changes in climate.

Climate

Climate Of course with an area the size of Xusma, it is difficult to give any sort of general advice about the climate and weather except that summers are warm to hot, and winters get very cold in some areas. In general, the climate of Xusma can be described as highly continental influenced climate with warm to hot dry summers and (very) cold winters with temperatures of -30°C and lower and sometimes heavy snowfall. Sometimes very strong easterly winds, called Vurkan can occur, bringing freezing cold temperatures and snowstorms. Precipitation varies from region to region; the Western parts of Xusma have the most rain (up to 750 mm), the southern and southeastern areas in the Xussman Steppes are the Dryest with an annual average below 200 mm.

Northern & Central Xusma have the most varied climate; the mildest areas are along the Castamere coast. The Summer is mostly dry and sunny, sunshine may be nine hours a day, with local showers or thunderstorms in the afternoon and evening. As almost everywhere in Xusma, winters can be very cold with frost and snowfall, the first Snow often falls in early October. Spring and Autumn can be quite unsettled, sometimes low-pressure systems can bring frequent rain- or snowfall and strong winds.

Natural Disasters

The most commonly occurred natural disaster in Xusma is flooding. Over the past decade, Xusma has reported over 11 major flooding occurrences mainly to the north of the country. Earthquakes in Xusma are not very common but have been reported occasionally in the past.

Biodiversity

Being a large nation, Xusma is home to over 12,500 species of vascular plants, 2,200 species of bryophytes, about 3,000 species of lichens, 7,000-9,000 species of algae, and 20,000-25,000 species of fungi. Xussmen fauna is composed of 320 species of mammals, over 732 species of birds, 75 species of reptiles, about 30 species of amphibians, 343 species of freshwater fish, approximately 1,500 species of marine fishes, 9 species of cyclostomes and approximately 100,000 invertebrates. The fish fauna is poorly studied, whereas mammals and birds are well studied. Approximately 1,100 of rare and endangered plant and animal species are included in the Red Book of Xusma.

Government and Politics

Xusma is targeted as a "Federal Republic" which means a federation of states, with a republican form of central government. The nation of Xusma is split into 8 states, all with different representation and power. The Xussman federal government is divided into three branches: the executive, which is headed by the President and the cabinet; the legislative, whose powers are vested by the Constitution in the National Congress; and the judiciary, whose powers are vested in the Supreme Federal Court and lower federal courts. The seat of the federal government is located in Arkhangelsk. This has led to "Arkhangelsk" commonly being used as a metonym for the federal government of Xusma.

Political Culture

The traditional view of Xussman political culture has been that, due to historical experience, Xussmans have favored strong autocratic rule.

Foreign Relations

WIP

Military

“The Xussman Army: Strongest and the Proudest!” The Xussman Military, or referred to simply as the Xussman Army, is the ground warfare service branch established on Febuary 11, 1600 and is one the largest uniformed services in the military. The military's primary objectives is to defeat the enemies of Xusma and defend the nation and it's national interests as well as the nation's land territories or it's allies and comprises largely of ground infantry, artillery units, and armoured units.

Traditionally in Xusma standards, the President of Xusma is automatically entitled commander-in-chief and is given complete control and authority handling military operations within the armed forces while allowing a few generals and field commanders to delegate their power over their own military forces.

The War Minister of Xusma helps develop and provide the technology and equipment for Xusma's military uses on the battlefield and send their reports regarding information on the front lines or progress on various military projects to the commander-in-chief through the military advisor.

A large number of military personnel serving in the Xusma Defence is estimated to be at around 8,000,000 active volunteers with a force of about 5,000,000 kept in reserve.

Following a creed to serve the nation to the fullest and die with chivalry and valour on the battlefield, the Xusma's militaries are a force to be reckoned with on the front lines beyond the nation and at home to rebels.

[b]Total Population[/b]: 178,541,983 [b]Available for Service[/b]: 113,220,853 [b]Fit for Service[/b]: 62,886,549 [b]Total Personal[/b]: 10,986,557 [b]Active Personal[/b]: 8,000,000 [b]Reserve Personal[/b]: 4,986,057

Economy

Xusma has an upper-middle income mixed and transition economy with state ownership in strategic areas of the economy. Market reforms in the 1780s privatized much of Xussman industry and agriculture, with notable exceptions to this privatization occurring in the energy and defense-related sectors.

Xusma's vast geography is an important determinant of its economic activity, with some sources estimating that Xusma contains over 17 percent of the world's natural resources. It is estimated that the total value of Xusma's natural resources at $75 trillion Federal Rurs. Xusma relies on energy revenues to drive most of its growth. Xusma has an abundance of oil, natural gas and precious metals, which make up a major share of Xusma's exports. As of 1990 the oil-and-gas sector accounted for 16% of GDP, 52% of federal budget revenues and over 70% of total exports. Xusma is considered an "energy superpower". It has one of the world's largest proven natural gas reserves and is one of the largest exporters of natural gas. It is also the second-largest exporter of petroleum.

Xusma has a large and sophisticated arms industry, capable of designing and manufacturing high-tech military equipment, including a fifth-generation fighter jet, nuclear-powered submarines, firearms, and short-range/long-range ballistic missiles. The value of Xussman arms exports totaled $15.7 billion in 2000. Top military exports from Xusma include combat aircraft, air defense systems, ships, and submarines. The economic development of the country has been uneven geographically with the Arkhangelsk region contributing a very large share of the country's GDP. There has been a substantial rise in wealth inequality in Xusma since 1990.

Infrastructure

The lack of infrastructure investment over the last 10 to 20 years has dropped Xusma to a low in quality of overall infrastructure. Only the quality of railway infrastructure and air transportation in Xusma comes in at a relatively high level. All other areas (quality of roads and highways, quality of port infrastructure) need improvement. However, Xusma has set a few projects in motion to solve the poor infrastructure crisis in the next two decades.

Demographics

The population of Xusma is approximately 178,738,554. In recent years the population has slowly increased in Xusma by 99,712, the result of a net migration gain of 124,884, and a natural population gain of 224,566. Around 67% of its population lives in Eastern Xusma, while the 33% lives in its Western half. Xusma's TFR of 1.62 children born/woman was among the highest in the Northwestern continent.

According to the recent census, ethnic Xussmans make up 85.4% of the total population. This share remained steady over the last few decades. Two other ethnicities have a population exceeding 1 million – Hyberians (15.2%) and Cythusians (0.3%). In total, 30 different ethnic groups live within Xusma's borders.

Xusma's population density is 17.4 people per square kilometer, making it one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world. The population is most dense in the eastern part of the country, with a milder climate, centering on Arkhangelsk and Nizhny Novgorod. 74% of the population is urban, making Xusma a highly urbanized country.

Ethnic Groups

Xusma is home to around 32 different ethnic groups, Xussmans (85.4%) is the dominant ethnicity in the country, followed by Hyberian Slaves (15.2%), Cythusians (0.3%), and 30 other minorities under 1 million (Tatars, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Yakuts, Udmurt, Buryats, Nenets, Ossetians, Karachays, Evenks, Kalmyks, Komi, Khakas, etc.)

Languages

Xussman Russian is the most spoken language along with its dialects. English is also spoken commonly, as well as other Slavic and Hyberian languages.

Largest Cities

City	Population	Department
Arkhangelsk	31,000,000	Arkhangelsk
Mirny	26,000,000	Mirny
Nizhny Novgorod	18,000,000	Nizhny Novgorod
Sochi	14,000,000	Sochi
Khimki	11,000,000	Khimki
Volgograd	9,000,000	Volgograd
Krasnodar	6,000,000	Krasnodar
Tyumen	5,000,000	Tyumen
Irkutsk	3,000,000	Irkutsk

Religion

The majority of the population in Xusma is Eastern Orthodox, at 98%. Being a religious nation, Xussman citizens are required by law to follow Eastern Orthodox. Patriarch of Arkhangelsk and all Xus' Dmitry Tarshencko is the head public figure of Eastern Orthodox and has some political influence over Xusma.

Crime

At the beginning of the 20th century, Xusma had a higher homicide rate – nearly ten per 100,000 people per year. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the rate remained stable. There was a rise in the homicide rate in the mid-1960s and 1970s which peaked in 1980, and then slowly declined in until 1985, and then it fell rapidly in 1986–1987. Organized crime is also a major issue in Xusma as several notorious mobs in the far west have been reported but a steady decrease has occurred over the last decade due to recent fundings in the Xussman Police Force (XPF).

Culture

Xussman culture has a long and rich cultural history, steeped in literature, ballet, painting, and classical music. While outsiders may see the country as drab, Xusma has a very visual cultural past, from its colorful folk costumes to its ornate religious symbols.

While Xussmen Russian is the official language, many Xussmans also speak English as a second language. More than 100 minority languages are spoken in Xusma today. The most popular is Dolgang, spoken by more than 5.3 percent of the country's population. Other minority languages include Tartar, Chuvash, Bashir, and Mordvin. Although these minority populations account for a small percentage of the overall Xussman population, these languages are prominent in regional areas.

Ballet is a popular notable art form coming out of Xusma. Founded in 1776, the Bolshoi Ballet is a classical ballet company based at the Bolshoi Theatre in Arkhangelsk and known throughout the world. The Mariinsky Ballet in Nihzny Novgorod is another famous ballet company in Xusma.

Xussman literature has also had a worldwide impact, with writers such as Leon Tolstoy ("Anna Karenina" and "War and Peace") and Fyodor Dostoevsky ("Crime and Punishment" and "The Brothers Karamazov") still being read around the world.

Xussman nesting dolls are well-known symbols of the country. These sets of dolls, known as matrioshka dolls, consist of a wooden figure that can be pulled apart to reveal another smaller version of the same image inside, and so on, often with six or more dolls nested inside one another. The painting of each doll, which can be extremely elaborate, usually symbolizes a Xussman peasant girl in traditional costume.

Colorfully painted onion domes have been used in architecture. They are commonplace in Russian architecture and are predominant atop church structures. It has been speculated that they represent burning candles or vaults to heaven and often appear in groups of three representing the Holy Trinity.

One of the most well-known traditional Xussman foods that may seem strange to an outsider is borshch, also spelled borscht. This is a beet soup that is full of vegetables and meat and is typically served with a dollop of sour cream, a staple of many Xussman dishes.

Pirozhkis are small baked buns that can be filled with potatoes, meat, cabbage or cheese. (They should not be confused with pierogis, which are Polish dumplings, boiled and then fried and stuffed with meat, cheese, potatoes or sauerkraut.)

Caviar, or ikra, traditionally made from the eggs of sturgeon found in the Sea of Castamere, is often served on dark, crusty bread or with blini, which are similar to pancakes or crepes. Blini are also served rolled up with a variety of fillings, ranging from jam to cheese and onions, or even chocolate syrup.

Vodka is a popular alcoholic drink traditionally made from the distillation of fermented potatoes. Beer and tea are also widely consumed.

References

WIP