List of heads of state of Gabrielland
Since formation in 1926, Gabrielland has underwent many different constitutions and therefore many different types of heads of state. From 1926 to 1976, Gabrielland was a unitary republic, led by a president. Between 1976 and 1980, Gabrielland split in two between the Dzakwanists to the south and the Arsyan Republic to the north. They will be shown in separate lists in this page. Between 1977 and 1985, the President of the Arsyan Republic existed, whose powers and continuity of power were carried on from the previous president before the split. Between 1985 and 2000, Gabrielland was led by a federal president, elected by an electoral college. After the passing of the 1999 constitutional amendments, the post of president was abolished in favor of a three person collective head of state, being the king of Gabrielland, king of Arsya, and the head of the new frontier.
Unitary Republic (1926-1977)
Under the unitary system, presidents served in five year terms with a maximum of 2 terms.
Two state period (1976-1985)
Dzakwansit Gabrielland (1976-1980)
In 1976, the People's Dzakwanist Party achieved complete control of the southern portion of the country through a bloody coup on the 11th of February 1976. Under Dzakwanist Gabrielland, the head of state was titled the Supreme Leader of the Dzakwanists. Under Dzakwanist constitution, terms were five years long and not capped at a maximum.
Head of State | Term of office | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term | No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Took office | Left office | Time in office |
1 | 1 | Mariyan Galli មរិយន់គល្លិ (1922 - 1987) |
12 February 1976 | 11 January 1980 | 3 years, 333 days | |
2 | Tuzbi Hattan តុឋ្បិហត្តាន់ (1926 - 2004) |
11 January 1980 | 1 May 1980 | 111 days |
Gabrielt and Arsyan Republic (1976-1977)
After the coup, lawmakers from the old Gabrielt and Arsyan Republic fled to Sangur to continue their work. However, on the 1st of January, a new constitution was adopted shifting to the Arsyan Republic. The previous roles and numbering of president continued onto the Gabrielt and Arsyan republic.
Head of State | Term of office | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term | No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Took office | Left office | Time in office |
11 | 9 | Tkūmi Jrencnek ត្កូមិជ្រេន្ច់នេក់ (1911 - 1997) |
12 February 1976 | 1 January 1977 | 324 days |
Arsyan Republic (1977-1985)
Under the new constitution, the president of the Arsyan Republic was elected by popular vote for a maximum of two terms each five years long. On the 1st of May 1980, all of the remaining portions of Dzakwanist Gabrielland joined the Arsyan Republic, and for 5 years between 1980 and 1985 Gabrielland was officially known as the Arsyan Republic.
Federal system (1985-2000)
With a new federal constitution as a compromise between Gabrielland and Arsya, the president of the new federation was elected through electoral college.
Head of State | Term of office | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term | No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Took office | Left office | Time in office |
13 | 11 | Marah Zumam មរះឋុមម់ (1927-2000) |
1 March 1985 | 1 March 1995 | 10 years, 0 days | |
14 | ||||||
15 | 12 | Miyeta Kavzumakta មិយេតកវរ្ឋុមក្តា (1938- ) |
1 March 1995 | 1 January 2000 | 4 years, 306 days |
Confederation period (2000-present)
In 1997, a constitutional referendum took place which asked voters if the country should switch to a confederation instead of a normal federation. The proposal passed and after another referendum in 1999 confirming the new constitution, Gabrielland officially became a confederation on the 1st of January 2000 with three heads of states: the king of Gabrielland, the king of Arsya, and the head of the new frontier. Under then new system, only the head of the new frontier was an elected office, and will serve as a base for the terms in the list below, restarting from one.