Azhtanan

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Azhtanan
Clockwise from top: Zhanêvan Street Esplanade , Bavân Shah Mosque, Gurgân cablecar, Skyline of Azhtanan, Azhtanan National University, Azân Opera House.
Flag of Azhtanan
Official seal of Azhtanan
Nickname: 
Pearl of the Orient
CountryMehrava
First settled10–9th century BC
Founded1215
Founded byQârzuk The Great
Government
 • BodyCity Kunzîl
 • MazârRodmêhan Argânjhad
Area
 • Urban
682 km2 (263 sq mi)
 • Metro
9,395 km2 (3,627 sq mi)
Elevation
1,000 m (3,000 ft)
Population
 • Capital city3,230,000
DemonymTanani
Time zoneUTC-3

Azhtanan, formerly known as Qârza , is the 2nd largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of about 3,200,000 people, about 11% of the country's total population,[5] and more than 2.7 million in its built-up area that encompasses Talgar, Boraldai, Otegen Batyr and many other suburbs. It served as capital of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and later independent Kazakhstan from 1929 to 1997.[6] In 1997, the government relocated the capital to Astana (renamed Nur-Sultan in 2019) in the north of the country.