Sandbox:Mokhavic
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Syllables
syllables: Complex
(C)(C)V(C)
Stress
Syllable stress:
Always on the first syllable, unless the word is in plural*
Phonology
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ||||
| long | pː | tː | kː | |||||
| voiced | b | d | ɣ (ɡ)[a] | |||||
| Affricate | voiceless | t̬͡s[b] | t̬͡ʃ[c] | |||||
| voiced | ||||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | x~h | |||
| long | fː | sː | ʃː | |||||
| voiced | v | z | ʒ | |||||
| Aproximant | voiced | (w)[d] | l | j ʎ |
||||
| Tap & Trill | voiced | ɾ | ||||||
- ↑ Some speakers pronounce it as /g/, mainly 2L speakers, but naturally it occurs mainly in loanwords and in stressed syllables.
- ↑ It's ussually voiced after voiced consonants, but the langauge dosent distinguish voiced d͡z and voicless t͡s.
- ↑ It's ussually voiced after voiced consonants, but the langauge dosent distinguish voiced d͡ʒ and voicless t͡ʃ.
- ↑ Commonly found in loanwords and a variant of /l/ in some dialects.
| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i | iː | u | uː |
| Close-Mid | ɤ̝ | ɤː | ||
| Open-Mid | ɛ | ɛ̝ː | ɔ | ɔː |
| Open | a aː | |||
Writing system
| А а | Ӑ ӑ | Б б | В в | Г г | Д д | Е е | Ж ж | З з |
| И и | Й й | К к | Л л | М м | Н н | О о | П п | Р р |
| С с | Т т | У у | Ф ф | Х х | Ц ц | Ч ч | Ш ш | Щ щ |
| Ы ы | Ь ь | Ю ю | Я я |
| А а | Ӑ ӑ | B b | C c | Č č | D d | E e | F f | G g |
| H h | I i | J j | K k | L l | M m | N n | O o | P p |
| Q q | R r | S s | Š š | T t | U u | V v | W w | X x |
| Y y | Z z | Ž ž |
| Bruh | Name | IPA | Latin script | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| А а | а | /a/ | a | /ɐ/ when reduced. |
| Ӑ ӑ | ӑ | /ɤ̝/ | ă | /ə/ when reduced. |
| Б б | бӑ | /b/ | b | |
| В в | вӑ | /v/ | v | |
| Г г | гӑ | /ɣ/,/ɡ/ | g | Usually by 2L speakers, foreing loanwords, and in some dialects, it gets pronoucned as /ɡ/. |
| Д д | дӑ | /d/ | d | |
| Е е | е | /ɛ/ | e | /e~ɪ/ when reduced. |
| Ж ж | жӑ | /ʒ/ | ž | |
| З з | зӑ | /z/ | z | |
| И и | и | /i/ | i | |
| Й й | йӑ | /j/ | j | It's used only as a first letter, when it appears after a vowel. |
| К к | кӑ | /k/ | k | |
| Л л | лӑ | /l/ | l | In some dialects it can get pronounced /w/ after vowels. |
| Ль ль | льӑ | /ʎ/ | lj | |
| М м | мӑ | /m/ | m | |
| Н н | нӑ | /n/ | n | |
| О о | о | /ɔ/ | o | |
| П п | пӑ | /p/ | p | |
| Р р | рӑ | /ɾ/, /r/ | r | |
| С с | сӑ | /s/ | s | |
| Т т | тӑ | /t/ | t | |
| У у | у | /u/ | u | |
| Ф ф | фӑ | /f/ | f | |
| х х | хӑ | /x~h/ | h | |
| Ц ц | цӑ | /t̬͡s/ | c | The language dosen't distinguish voiced/unvoiced versions of /t͡s~d͡z/ & /t͡ʃ~d͡ʒ/, instead the value of the sound is determied by the previous sound, if it's voiceless or a vowel the affricate is also voiceless, if its voiced, then the affricate is voiced too. |
| Ч ч | чӑ | /t̬͡ʃ/ | č | |
| Ш ш | шӑ | /ʃ/ | š | |
| Щ щ | щӑ | /ʃ͡t/ | št | When it's following a voiced consonant it becomes a /ʒ͡d/. |
| Ы ы | ӑ-паль, и-грек |
/ɤ̝/ | y | Only in loanwords. |
| Ь ь | йӑ-паль | /◌ʲ/ | j | Used only after consonants, except in conbination with 'У у' for the govoric version of 'W w'. |
| Ю ю | ю | /ju/ | ju | |
| Я я | я | /ja/,/ɛ/ | ja/е | In some dialects it geats read as /ɛ/ when its between consonants. |
| Кь кь | Кю | /kʷ/,/kʲ/,/c/ | q | Only in foreign words. /kʷ/ after every vowel except ⟨i⟩ & ⟨e⟩, where its /kʲ/. |
| Уь уь | уьӑ | /w/ | w | Only in foreign words. |
| Кс кс | икс | /k͡s/ | x | Only in foreign words |
- Long vowels and consonants are marked by gimination.
Syntax
Syntax:
SOV (SVO for intensity on the V)
Adjectives - Noun
Noun - Postposition
Possesee - Possessor
Grammar
Plurality:
<word>+(t)aa
Vowel harmony:
after a, ӑ, ɔ, u - a
after e, i - e
| Mood | Person | Number | Past | Present | Future | Future in the past | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simple | Perfect | Simple | Continious | Simple | Perfect | Simple | ||||
| Indicative | 1st | Singular | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | |
| Plural inclusive |
<w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | |||
| 2nd | Singular | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | ||
| Plural | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | |||
| 3d | Singular | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | ||
| Plural | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | <w> | |||
| Imperative | All | Singular | <w> | |||||||
| Plural | <w> | |||||||||
| -Self | Singular | <w> | ||||||||
| Plural | <w> | |||||||||
<w> - word /with vowel according to harmony ; (v) vowel according to harmony