Green Movement
Green Movement Pergerakan Hijau | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | PH |
| Founded | 1930 |
| Preceded by | Melay National Front |
| Newspaper | Axbar Rakyat |
| Student wing | Green Students |
| Youth wing | Green Youth |
| Women's wing | Green Women's League |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Left-wing |
| Colours | Green |
The Green Movement (Melay: Pergerakan Hijau, abbreviated PH) is a left-wing political party in Melayu. Descended from the Melay National Front that won the civil war, it has been the ruling party since 2012, and the dominant party since independence.
The PH was founded by Julia binti Darma in 1930, by transforming the Melay National Front into a political instrument for her rule. Her tenure defined the party's ideology, an eclectic left-wing policy course dubbed "Julianism".
Since 1932, the PH has been the largest party in the Parliament of Melayu, a position it has held ever since. A majority of Prime Ministers since independence have come from the PH, many of them leading single-party governments, whether in minority or majority.
Organisation
The PH is the largest party in Melayu. Its highest organ is the National Congress (Kongres Nasional), held every 4 years, where delegates decide the direction of the party, and elect the Central Committee. The party has both a formal leader, who leads the party in parliament and serves as Prime Minister if victorious in an election, and a party chair responsible for overseeing day-to-day organisation.
Electoral history
Parliament
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1932 | Julia binti Darma | 72,2% | 72 / 100
|
 72
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1936 | Julia binti Darma | 73,8% | 74 / 100
|
2
|
 1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1940 | Julia binti Darma | 72,5% | 73 / 100
|
 1
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1944 | Julia binti Darma | 71,7% | 72 / 100
|
1
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1948 | Julia binti Darma | 72,0% | 72 / 100
|
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1952 | Julia binti Darma | 71,5% | 72 / 100
|
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1956 | Julia binti Darma | 71,0% | 71 / 100
|
1
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 1960 | 60,4% | 60 / 100
|
11
|
1st
|
Majority government | ||
| 1964 | 55,5% | 56 / 100
|
4
|
1st
|
Majority government | ||
| 1968 | 54,3% | 54 / 100
|
1
|
1st
|
Majority government | ||
| 1972 | 48,6% | 49 / 100
|
5
|
1st
|
Minority government | ||
| 1976 | 48,0% | 48 / 100
|
1
|
1st
|
Minority government | ||
| 1980 | 50,0% | 50 / 100
|
2
|
1st
|
Minority government | ||
| 1984 | 47,1% | 47 / 100
|
3
|
1st
|
Minority government | ||
| 1988 | 45,0% | 45 / 100
|
2
|
1st
|
PH–PE coalition | ||
| 1992 | 30,0% | 30 / 100
|
15
|
1st
|
Opposition | ||
| 1996 | 30,5% | 31 / 100
|
1
|
1st
|
Opposition | ||
| 2000 | 44,4% | 44 / 100
|
13
|
1st
|
PH–PK coalition | ||
| 2004 | 42,2% | 42 / 100
|
2
|
1st
|
PH–PK coalition | ||
| 2008 | 39,5% | 40 / 100
|
2
|
1st
|
Opposition | ||
| 2012 | Jaya binti Raja | 48,9% | 49 / 100
|
9
|
1st
|
Minority government | |
| 2016 | Jaya binti Raja | 50,6% | 51 / 100
|
2
|
1st
|
Majority government | |
| 2020 | Jaya binti Raja | 55,0% | 55 / 100
|
4
|
1st
|
Majority government |