Alawia
Republic of Alawia | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Capital and largest city | Latakia |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Recognised national languages | French, Armenian, Turkish |
| Demonym(s) | Alawite, Nursayian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic |
• President | Muhsen Bilal |
• Prime Minister | Bashar al-Assad |
| Legislature | Knesset |
| Independence from France | |
• Declaration | 14 May 1948 |
• WA | 11 May 1949 |
Alawia (Arabic: العلوية, French: Alaouie, Armenian: Ալավերդիա, Alavertia), officially known as the Republic of Alawia (Arabic: جمهورية العلوية, French: République de Alaouie, Turkish: Alevi Cumhuriyeti, Armenian: Ալավիայի Հանրապետություն, Alaviayi Hanrabedutʿyun), or informally Nusayria, is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east and Lebanon to the south, while Cyprus lies just west of it across the Mediterranean Sea. Alawia’s location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin, the Arabian hinterland, and the Anatolian plains has contributed to its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of surrounding the Alawite sect of Shia Islam. with a population of some 3 million, and is one of the smallest countries in Asia. Alawites form the vast majority of the country's population, while Arabic is the official language, and spoken Alawite Arabic is used alongside Modern Standard Arabic in daily life, alongside French, Turkish, and Armenian.
Prior to its independence, Alawia was a colonial possession of the Third French Republic and was managed as part of the French State of Aleppo, which was an integral element of the French Mandate of Syria. The country arose from a rebellion against France in order to prevent Syria from annexing the territory. During the Second World War, the French government struggled to keep control over the possession, and the British government pressed the French to abandon their activities in the region, resulting in the rebellion's swift victory.
The civilian government was deposed by nationalist Army Officers in 1975, after several years of autonomous administration, and The National Council for Progress and Stability was founded. For several years, the National Council ruled the country, but its affiliation with Pan-Arab organizations, harsh authoritarian policies, and persecution of pro-Turkish forces in the country culminated to Turkey's NATO-backed invasion in 1984. The Alawian Civil War erupted as a result of the Turkish intervention, and the military government retreated to Syria. Following Turkey's exit in 1985 and a United Nations intervention spearheaded by the United States in 1986, the Civil War came to a conclusion.
Beginning in November 1985, Kurdish-led peace talks were able to achieve a full peace deal in 1986, with UN monitors monitoring free and fair elections later that year. Later that year, the new civilian government launched a referendum to acquire popular authorization to hold a constitutional convention, which was overwhelmingly approved. Alawia's current Constitution was drafted by a Constitutional Convention in 1985, and it outlines the country's current governance arrangement, with modifications added in 1993, 1999, and 2006.
Alawia has the 56th largest econmony. Its government is based on a unique blend of French-style government and traditional Arab values. Alawia encourages higher ties with the west and has actively opened many American businesses in the country.
Alwaia was regarded as one of the best living places in 2013, though it ranks far behind other Levantine states on that regard due to decade of authoritarian rule. It is a member of several international entities including the Arab League, NATO, United Nations and G20. 1
History
2
Politics
2.1
Military and law enforcement
3
Economy
4
Demographics and Society
4.1 Languages 4.2 Religion 4.3 Ethnic groups 4.4 Women's Rights 5 Sports