Autoways Highway System
The Savan Tarun Confederate System of Nationally-Funded High Speed Thoroughfares, more commonly known as thhe Autoways Highway System or simply just Autoways, is a national network of controlled-access highways which forms the national road framework of Gabrielland. Within the national road framework of Gabrielland, most autoways are labelled as A. The autoways network extends to every Gabrielt region except for the Aztami region.
Gabrielland did not have a system of codified highways and national roads before 1970. The first iteration of the national highway system was codified in 1971 with the passage of the National Roads and Highways Bill of 1971. The bill established a national route-numbering system on already existing routes, as well as plans to upgrade existing roads into proper highways. The project was postponed momentarily in 1974 due to a series of economic shocks and downturns, and was completely scrapped on the onset of the Gabrielt civil war in 1976. The civil war would end in 1980 with most of the existing road network severly damaged or in disrepair. PM Savan Tarun proposed a unified highway system for the entire nation in order to improve connectivity and to prevent another civil war from happening. Unlike the National Roads and Highways Bill of 1971, PM Savan Tarun proposed the construction of all brand-new highways, and not just mere upgrades from existing roads to conform to national and international standards. A system of national highways was presentd to parliament in 1986, and was approved in 1987. The original 1987 plan included 14,500 km of highways. Construction of the original 1987 plan took place until 2014, eventually costing around 200 billion ACU over the span of nearly 30 years. New autoway routes not part of the original 1987 document are still in various stages of implementation, with some currently in construction.
Autoways are nationally funded, though maintenance and operations fall under the region's responsibilities. All autoways need to conform to specific national standards, such as a minimum of two lanes in each direction, minimum lane and shoulder widths, ashpalt quality, as well as perimeter security. As part of the standard, all autoways are assigned a 1 or 2 digit number. The 1 digit autoways are known as the "main routes", and the 2 digit autoways are known as the "accompanying routes". 3 digit autoways which are more minor and serve a more localized purpose have been approved and are in various stages of construction. The number of a route dictates where the location of that route in the national system. As part of an effort to boost economic activity and connectivity between the Gabrielt regions, toll fees are not collected in most autoway routes. Some sections of the autoway system now collect toll fees for a variety of reasons, including to support maintenance operations or to lessen the volume of vehicles entering.
The economic impact of the autoway has been observed in some regions, especilaly in western and central Gabrielland. The agriculutral communities of central Gabrielland could purchase supporting goods at a much cheaper rate while at the same time selling those goods to much farther markets and consumers. Real GDP per capita had doubled between the completion of the first autoway in central Gabrielland in 1995 and 2015. Culturally, the autoway has become the epitome of the "Gabrielt renaissance", transforming itself from a war-torn state as late as the 1980s to a world-class economy in the span of less than 40 years. Some provinces and cities now associate themselves with the autoway number which pass through their communities. For example, the city of Harotom has associated itself with the number 65 as autoway 65 passes through Harotom. Some route numbers have also gained some sentiments for a multitude of reasons. A-5 which runs from Vailhims to North Arsya passes through the Grafenland region, and is known by many to be "the road to heaven" for its beautiful sceneries along the way.
As of 2020, there were 20,590 km of autoways present in Gabrielland.
History
Standards
All autoways in Gabrielland adhere to the 2008 manual for autoway standardadization and safety, which in turn is compatible with international road safety standards and regulations. The manual allows for both concrete and asphalt surfaces, though most of the autoways in Gabrielland have concrete surfaces due to their durability and relatively cheaper maintenance costs. Curbs aren't used in either side of the highway.
Autoways have controlled entry and exits via interchanges and grade separation. The need for traffic lights is rendered obsolete as no two paths will cross at any time. However, some autoways in urban settings have controlled-entry traffic lights which ease traffic. Interchanges which provide entry and exit for vehicles must not be within 4 km of each other in rural areas and 2 km in urban areas, including the interchanges necessary when two autoways meet. If an autoway is tolled, the toll booth must be present when entering the tolled section, thus making all tolled autoways single-priced regardless of desired travel distance.
All autoways have a minimum of two lanes going in each direction, which doesn't include the shoulders. Some more heavily traveled autoways have up to five lanes going in each direction. Lanes need to be a minimum of 3.5 m in width outside of the lane separator markings. A white dashed line is used to separate lanes of traffic, while a white continuous line is used to mark the beginning of the right and left shoulders. The left shoulder needs to be a minimum of 3 m, while the right shoulder 2 m. In rural areas, the median could either be vegetation or the original surface with a width of 5 m, concrete lane separators, or steel railings, while in urban areas, the vegetative median is not used due to a lack of space. Due to the wide lane minimums, autoways are designed to facilitate minimum speeds of 100 km/h.
Speed limits
The speed limit in autoways fall under the jurisdiction of provincial and regional governments. Some regions (groups of provinces) have agreed on a set speed on their autoways, while other regions let individual provinces determine speed limits. Although so, autoways are required to accomodate speeds of up to 100 km/h (62 mph), and hence that speed serves as the lowest speed limit found in the country. For example, in the West Gabrielland region, all provinces set their speed limits on autoways to 110 km/h (68 mph), while the Grafenland region sets it to 100 km/h due to the extremely mountainous and winding nature of the highways there. Some provinces and regions, especially in the New Frontier, do not have speed limits. Some enforce a "prudent and reasonable" speed limit, which many argue means the absence of a speed limit.