List of minister-presidents of Longinor

This article is a list of Minister-Presidents of Longinor since the establishment of the Republic on 18 April 1812

Caudillo Republic

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Matías de Navarro Bentancor (1768-1818)	18 April 1812	10 August 1818	National Constituent Assembly	Non-Partisan	National Constituent Assembly
			Regarded as a national hero and as the Marshal of Independence, Matías de Navarro Bentancor was responsible for leading the Spanish colony of Tierra Verde in its struggle for independence against the Spanish loyalists. Navarro served concurrently as the Minister-president (head of government) and First-Director (head of state) until his death in 1818, when he was ambushed by Spanish mercenaries. Widely considered a military genius and an expert in guerrilla warfare, Matías was voted the fifth-best Longinorian political leader in history, and also one of the greatest Longinorians of all time. Many historians consider his ability to conciliate the military and the civil sphere as unique in Longinorian history.
		Gastón Álvarez (1763-1840)	15 August 1818	12 June 1821	No election held	Non-Partisan	National Constituent Assembly
			Widely considered to be the patriarch of Longinorian unification, Gastón Álvarez was the president of the National Constituent Assembly when Matías de Navarro was killed in combat. He is credited for promulgating the 1820 Constitution, the first one in Longinorian history, although views on him are controversial: some see him as a champion of democracy due to peacefully ceding power to his opponent and authoring a liberal constitution, while others see him as a money-hungry oligarch who extorted and bought his way into politics.
		Augusto Moreira dos Santos (1778-1834)	12 June 1821	12 June 1831	1823 Election 1827 Election	Federalist Party	Federalist Party-Party of Reason Coalition
			Augusto Moreira dos Santos was the Patriarch of Santa Crucian independence. A hero for both Luso-Longinorians and Afro-Longinorians, Augusto dos Santos was a child of a white peasant and a freed slave woman. After leading the Santa Crucian rebellion against the Kingdom of Portugal in 1809, Augusto entered politics as the defender of the Portuguese-speaking community of Longinor. Elected by the parliament in 1821, he peacefully ceded power to Mario Enrique de Rosa Barrera, at the time a close friend. Augusto is credited for protecting the rights of Amerindians and Amerafros and pacifying the countryside, which still was ravaged by the recent independence war.
		Mario Enrique de Rosa Barrera (1761-1842)	12 June 1831	28 May 1835	1831 Election 1835 Election	Party of Reason	Party of Reason Government
			Dr. Barrera, as he is known, was the founder and leader of the Party of Reason until his death in 1842. An openly declared atheist and anti-clericalist, Dr. Barrera disseminated the ideals of the French Revolution on Longinorian soil, paving the way for the 1846 Liberal Revolution. At the beginning of his government, Mario Barrera managed to convince the former British colony of Elizabethland to join Longinor. Dr. Barrera ruled the country with an iron fist, oppressing the opposition, censoring the press, and sending his opponents into exile or "suicide". After a failed coup attempt against his government, Barrera sentenced his former protegé, Augusto dos Santos, to death. Despite frauding the 1835 Election, he could not stay in power thanks to a coup led by federalist caudillo Romero Barboza de León.
		Romero Barboza de León (1773-1841)	28 May 1835	2 September 1841	1836 Election 1840 Election	Federalist Party	1st Federalist Government
			A staunch liberal, Romero Barboza was responsible for leading his army of pawns into the city of Amarantina and overthrowing dictator Dr. Barrera in an almost bloodless coup. Romero lifted the censorship on the press, allowed the return of the exiled opposition, and began investing in the development of the army. A "war hawk", Barboza supported the independence movements of the Riograndense Republic and the Juliana Republic, two separatist provinces of the Empire of Brazil. He also supported the Colorados during the Uruguayan Civil War. Barboza de León died in office due to tuberculosis.
		Francisco Quaresma de Queirós (1778-1847)	2 September 1841	7 October 1844	1841 Election	Federalist Party	2nd Federalist Government
			Francisco de Queirós was a landowner of Santa Cruz who rose to national prominence after leading his personal army - the Quaremistas - in the Ragamuffin War. His effort to disrupt the Brazilian army was essential in the dismantlement of the Empire of Brazil. Nonetheless, he's remembered as an average minister-president. During his government, the country opened its borders to immigrants, thus beginning the process of "Interiorization", the settlement of the hinterland.
		Vicente González Guajardo (1775-1856)	7 October 1844	10 November 1846	1844 Election	Unitarist Party	Unitarist Government
			González was elected in 1844 in a highly contested election marked by fraud and political violence. A conservative and centralist, Vicente González was a landowner his own private army, just like the other minister-presidents of the Caudillo Republic. Due to his anti-Anglophone stances and policies, combined with his authoritarian manners, the population of Elizabethland and the Federalists began to organize resistance against his government, leading to the 1846 War and the subsequent establishment of the Revolutionary Republic.

Revolutionary Republic

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Matteo Mariotti (1792-1869)	10 November 1846	5 July 1852	No Election held	Republican-Federalist Party	Revolutionary Congress
			An Italian revolutionary and central figure in the unification of Italy, Matteo was also a participant in the Ragamuffin War, where he met his wife - Olívia Mariotti - and his friend Francisco de Queirós, who then invited him to lead the revolution against the Unitarist government. After sending Vicente González into exile, Matteo was appointed as the provisional minister-president of Longinor by the Federalists. However, such a position became constitutional after the promulgation of the 1847 Constitution, which installed the Revolutionary Congress. Among his policies were land reform (mostly targeted at curbing the powers of the unitarist landowners), secularization, and the militarization of the state. The international community saw Longinor as a pariah due to Mariotti's support for the 1848 revolutions in Europe. In 1852 he left for Italy to take part in the Austrian-Piedmontese War, leaving Olívia Mariotti in power. Alongside his wife Olívia, Mariotti was one of the few foreigners to lead an independent Longinor.
		Olívia Mariotti (1820-1855)	5 July 1852	30 March 1855	No election held	Republican-Federalist Party	Revolutionary Congress
			Born in the Brazilian province of Santa Catarina, Olívia Mariotti was married to Matteo and eventually joined his revolutionary wars. Her government, however, was marked by the intensification of the guerrilla war waged by the Unitarist Opposition. During her tenure, much of the Federalist leadership began to distance itself from the Revolutionary Congress. She was betrayed by Federalist general Charles MacKenzie, who was discontent with the fact he was not nominated as the successor to Matteo. After her imprisonment on 30 March 1855, the Revolutionary Republic, already much weakened, came to an end.

First Civilian Republic

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Charles MacKenzie (1812-1880)	1 April 1855	23 July 1860	1857 Election	National Party	National Union government
			A controversial figure, MacKenzie was a liberal in his youth, but as he aged he adopted more conservative views to the point of supporting the manutention of slavery. The first Anglo-Longinorian to become minister-president, MacKenzie convened the Third Constituent Assembly in 1857, the same year his party, the pro-slavery National Party, won the elections. During his government, electoral laws were reformed with the hope of attracting more voters to the National Party but his strategy failed miserably, leading to the rise of the Conservatives and the Liberals.
		Adam Stuart Pearson (1815-1892)	23 July 1860	6 July 1864	1860 Election	Conservative Party	1st Conservative Government
			A conservative from Elizabethland, Pearson did not openly support slavery, although he made little effort to stop it. Instead, Adam Pearson was more worried about adjusting towns and cities' infrastructure to the growing population. He also attempted to stop what was called at the time an "impending war" between Conservatives and Liberals over the issue of slavery.
		Alfredo Leite Guimarães (1814-1892)	6 July 1864	1 August 1876	1864 Election 1868 Election 1872 Election	Liberal Party	1st Liberal Government
			An entrepreneur from Santa Cruz, Alfredo Leite Guimarães was the richest Longinorian man of the 19th century and also one of the richest men alive in the world. After winning the 1864 elections, Alfredo immediately pushed for the abolition of slavery, which was passed in 1867. He is also the "patron of education and science" in Longinor for being responsible for the creation of a nationwide public education network and the establishment of national universities. Alfredo was voted the second-best minister-president in Longinorian history and is regarded as a national hero.
		Andrew Aldridge (1822-1893)	1 August 1876	8 April 1882	1876 Election 1880 Election	Conservative Party	2nd Conservative Government
			A member of the anti-slavery sector of the Conservative Party, Andrew Aldridge was elected following the retirement of Alfredo Guimarães from politics. The main lobbyist for secret ballots during the Guimarães' government, Aldridge made his dream come true in 1878. Despite his more liberal attitudes to political rights, Andrew Aldridge was a very religious man, who sought to ban divorce and establish religious classes in public schools.
		Filipe Wolfgang Steffen (1835-1908)	8 April 1882	10 May 1890	1882 Election 1886 Election	Liberal Party	2nd Liberal Government
			A liberal statesman of German background, Steffen promoted the modernization of the country, especially in industry and the military. Although he has been described as the "first civilian general", Filipe Steffen preferred to focus on the navy, leading to the interservice rivalry between the Army and the Navy that lasted for decades. A corruption scandal irreversibly tainted his public image, and as such Steffen lost the 1890 Election.
		Horacio Larrosa-Salgado (1840-1917)	10 May 1890	15 January 1903	1890 Election 1894 Election 1898 Election 1902 Election	Cordialist Party	Cordialist Government
			Considered by many to be the father of "Longinorian social democracy", Horacio Larrosa-Salgado pushed for the introduction of several worker's rights, such as minimum wage, paid holidays, and maximum workhours per week. Extremely successful in implementing his reforms, the looming "threat" of land reform promoted during his 1902 election campaign led to a bloodless coup promoted by conservative elements of the army at the beginning of 1903. Larrosa-Salgado was exiled to Uruguay, and although he returned in 1910, he had retired from politics.
		John Arthur Spencer (1846-1920)	15 January 1903	2 December 1904	No election held	National Party	1st Nationalist Government
		Joaquim Fraga Arruda (1848-1907)	2 December 1904	10 April 1907	1904 Election	National Party	2nd Nationalist Government

First Military Junta

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Arthur Brown-Hayward (1879-1956)	10 April 1907	10 April 1912	No Election held	Supreme Military Council	1st Military Junta
		Gustav Schweiger-Neubauer (1859-1940)	10 April 1912	17 February 1920	No election held	Supreme Military Council	2nd Military Junta

Imperial Republic

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Veronica von Lauterbach (1892-1980)	1 March 1924	4 April 1950	2nd National Constituent Assembly 1928 Election 1932 Election 1936 Election 1940 Election 1944 Election 1948 Election	Longinorian Athenian Action	The Veronica Government
		Oscar Aguiar Aranda (1890-1960)	4 April 1950	28 January 1960	1950 Election 1954 Election 1958 Election	National Republican Party	NRP-NAP Coalition
		Raimundo das Graças Gonçalves (1894-1963)	28 January 1960	6 August 1963	1962 Election	National Republican Party	NRP-NAP Coalition
		Camila Luisa de Torre Negra (1928-2009)	6 August 1963	31 October 1969	1964 Election 1968 Election	Longinorian Progressive Party	1st Progressive Government

The Costilla Years

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Américo Costilla López (1910-1974)	31 October 1969	9 April 1974	No Election held	Savior National Alliance	Costilla Government

Restored Republic

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		Guilherme Rezende Hoffmann (1904-1984)	9 April 1974	3 May 1975	No Election held	Liberal Party	1st Liberal-LPP Coalition
		George McGregor Rowley (1915-2000)	3 May 1975	10 May 1977	1975 Election	Longinorian Progressive Party	1st Liberal-LPP Coalition
	File:Portrait officiel de Georges Pompidou (cropped) (2).jpg	Daniel Sommerfeld Gross (1911-1983)	3 May 1977	10 May 1980	1977 Election	National Republican Party	Republican Government
		Duncan Johnstone Stevenson (1940-)	10 May 1980	5 June 1985	1980 Election 1984 Election	Longinorian Progressive Party	2nd Liberal-NPP Coalition
		Clemente Figueroa Torres (1949-1988)	5 June 1985	27 July 1988	1985 Election	Democratic Nationalist Party	Democratic National Government

Second Military Junta

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Election	Political party	Government
		David Newman-Warburton (1917-1996)	27 July 1988	21 April 1994	No election held	National Renewal Union	3rd Military Junta
		Antônio Correia Moreira (1950-2016)	21 April 1994	3 May 1998	No election held	National Renewal Union	4th Military Junta
	File:51 - Hugo Banzer.jpg	Eugenio Piedrabuena (1920-2002)	3 May 1998	15 February 2000	No election held	National Renewal Union	5th Military Junta