Big Greece
Kingdom of Greece Βασίλειο της Ελλάδας | |
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 Flag
 Coat of arms
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Motto: Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος Elefthería í Thánatos (English: "Freedom or Death") | |
Anthem: Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν Ímnos is tin Eleftherían (English: "Hymn to Liberty") | |
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| Capital and largest city | Athens |
| Official language | Greek |
| Religion |
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| Demonym(s) | Greek |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Paul II |
| Stavros Michaelis | |
| Legislature | Hellenic Parliament |
| Establishment history | |
• Independence declared from the Ottoman Empire | 25 March 1821 |
• Current Constitution enacted | 15 August 1897 |
| 28 October 1923 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 161,827 km2 (62,482 sq mi) (92nd) |
| Population | |
• 2020 census |  15,723,730 (72nd) |
• Density | 97.16/km2 (251.6/sq mi) (119th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $723.795 billion (39th) |
• Per capita | $46,032 (45th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $438.063 billion (32nd) |
• Per capita | $27,860 (42nd) |
| Gini |  34.7medium |
| HDI | 0.920 very high · 22nd |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +30 |
| Internet TLD | .gr .ελ |
The Hellenic Republic, also known as the Ellinikí Dimokratía in Greek, is a country located in southeastern Europe. It is situated at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and it is bordered by Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, and Turkey. Greece has a rich history that dates back thousands of years and is known for its influential role in the development of Western civilization.
The national motto of Greece is "Elefthería í Thánatos," which translates to "Freedom or Death" in English. The country's national anthem is "Ímnos is tin Eleftherían" or "Hymn to Liberty." The flag of Greece features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white, and a blue canton bearing a white cross.
Athens, the capital city of Greece, also serves as its largest city. Greek is the official language of the country, and the majority of the population follows the Greek Orthodox branch of Christianity, which is also the official religion. Other Christian denominations and Islam are also practiced by significant portions of the population.
The Hellenic Republic is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic. The President, currently Androulla Vassiliou, serves as the head of state, while the Prime Minister, currently Stavros Michaelis, is the head of government. The legislative body of Greece is the Hellenic Parliament.
Greece has a long and storied history. It declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire on March 25, 1821, and subsequently fought for its sovereignty. The current constitution was enacted on August 15, 1897. Greece also integrated the island of Cyprus on October 28, 1923, expanding its territory.
In terms of land area, Greece ranks 92nd globally, covering approximately 161,827 square kilometers. As of the latest census in 2020, the population of Greece was recorded at 15,723,730, making it the 72nd most populous country. With a population density of 97.16 people per square kilometer, Greece ranks 119th in the world.
The Hellenic Republic boasts a mixed economy with various sectors contributing to its GDP. In terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), Greece's GDP was estimated at $691.608 billion in 2022, ranking it 41st globally. The GDP per capita, based on PPP, was approximately $43,985, placing Greece 45th in the world. When considering nominal GDP, Greece's economy ranks 32nd, with a GDP of $483.693 billion in 2022. The nominal GDP per capita is around $30,762, making Greece the 42nd highest in the world.
The Gini coefficient, which measures income inequality, stands at 34.7 in Greece. The country has made efforts to address this issue and has seen an increase in the Gini coefficient over time. Greece has also made significant progress in terms of human development, as reflected in its Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.920. This places Greece 22nd among countries worldwide, indicating a high level of human development.
The official currency of Greece is the Euro (€), and the country follows the Eastern European Time (EET) zone, with a UTC offset of +02:00. During daylight saving time, the country observes Eastern European Summer Time (EEST), with a UTC offset of +03:00. The standard date format in Greece is dd.mm.yyyy (AD), and vehicles drive on the right-hand side of the road.
The top-level domain for Greece is ".gr," and it also uses ".ελ" for domain names in Greek. The country's calling code is +30.
Greece isknown for its stunning landscapes, including picturesque islands, ancient ruins, and beautiful coastlines. Its rich cultural heritage, vibrant traditions, and contributions to art, philosophy, and science have had a lasting impact on the world. Greece continues to attract millions of tourists each year who come to explore its historical sites, indulge in delicious Mediterranean cuisine, and bask in its warm hospitality.