List of political parties in the Federal Republic of Brazil

This article is a list of the active political parties in the Federal Republic of Brazil. The country is a highly factionalized multi-party democracy. Since the establishment of the republic, no party has been able to effectively govern Brazil without the need for a coalition.

Overview

During the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889), politics were mostly bipartisan. The Conservative and Liberal parties dominated politics, but other parties did exist during the period. Some of those minor parties would rise to prominence, such as the Progressive League in the 1860s or the Paulista Republican Party - the latter being one of the most successful republican movement in Brazil and the main actor behind the fall of the Brazilian monarchy.

During the Old Republic (1889-1927), there weren't any national parties. Instead, each state had its own parties which competed at national elections. The Brazilian Civil War of 1927 brought an end to Coffee and Milk Politics, kicking off mass movements in Brazil which last to this very day. As a result, most state parties ceased to exist, although some still are rather succesful, such as the Constitutionalist Party of São Paulo and the Gaucho Republican Party.

Brazilian politics used to be very volatile until the decade of 1970. The Economic Crisis of 1973 killed off several smaller parties through mergers, leading to the rise of the National Popular Front, a centrist and nationalist party that opposed the National Democratic Union. Since 1980, the National Popular Front has dominated politics. Out of the last 42 years, the party has ruled Brazil for 30 years, being interrupted by the National Democratic Union in the decade of 1990 and the Brazilian Communist Party in 2008-12. As of January 2022, there are 27 parties represented in the Federal Parliament, with many other parties represented in local legislatures.

Parties Represented in the Federal Parliament

	Party logo	Party name	Leader	Founded	Seats in the Federal Senate	Seats in the Chamber of Deputies	Governors	Ideology
		National Popular Front Frente Popular Nacional	Ingrid Winckler Santos	1977	12 / 90	102 / 542	6 / 30	Civic Nationalism Centrism Rhenish Model
		Brazilian Labour Party Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro	Antônio Pontes Modesto	1938	6 / 90	58 / 542	3 / 30	Brazilian Nationalism Labourism Social democracy
		National Democratic Union União Democrática Nacional	Valdemir Mendes Souto	1936	5 / 90	50 / 542	2 / 30	Social Conservatism Fiscal Conservatism Anti-Communism
		Social Democratic Party Partido Social Democratico	Larissa Alves de Araújo	1942	7 / 90	48 / 542	1 / 30	Centrism Populism Liberal Conservatism
		Liberal Party Partido Liberal	Maurílio Motta Grossi	1931	3 / 90	41 / 542	1 / 30	Social Liberalism Centrism
		Brazilian Integralist Action Ação Integralista Brasileira	Henrique Neres Honório	1932	4 / 90	38 / 542	2 / 30	Brazilian Integralism Fascism Anti-Communism
		National Legitimist Legion Legião Legitimista Nacional	Fernando Sobral Fortunato	1965	2 / 90	35 / 542	0 / 30	Monarchism Constitutionalism Social conservatism
		Brazilian Communist Party Partido Comunista Brasileiro	Patricia Santana Vilela	1922	3 / 90	30 / 542	1 / 30	Leninism Revolutionary Socialism
		National Labour Party Partido Nacional Trabalhista	Walter Jung Schwarz	1956	1 / 90	27 / 542	1 / 30	National Labourism Brazilian Nationalism Anti-Imperialism
		Social Progressive Party Partido Social Progressista	Mauro Carlos de Barros	1945	3 / 90	22 / 542	2 / 30	Labourism Social democracy Social conservatism
		Christian Democratic Party Partido Democrata Cristão	Gilberto Rinaldi Carmona	1951	4 / 90	19 / 542	1 / 30	Christian Democracy Social conservatism
		Republican Party Partido Republicano	Simone Cardoso Crisóstomo	1927	2 / 90	14 / 542	0 / 30	Economic nationalism Social conservatism Protectionism
		Proletarian Defense Front Frente de Defesa Proletária	Manoel Viana Nunes	1932	0 / 90	10 / 542	0 / 30	Libertarian Socialism Zapatism
		Brazilian Socialist Party Partido Socialista Brasileiro	Moisés Galindo Eleutério	1929	3 / 90	10 / 542	1 / 30	Democratic socialism Progressivism
		National Liberator Alliance Aliança Libertadora Nacional	Cláudio de Oliveira Toscano	1973	1 / 90	9 / 542	0 / 30	Democratic socialism Marxism Anti-fascism
		Brazilian Workers' Confederation Confederação Operária Brasileira	Adailton Passos Sodré	1906	2 / 90	8 / 542	0 / 30	Syndicalism Anarcho-communism Anarcho-socialism
		Green Party of Brazil Partido Verde do Brasil	Roberto Martins Amorim	1989	1 / 90	8 / 542	1 / 30	Green Politics Environmentalism Progressivism
		Liberator Party Partido Libertador	File:Lisa Rahming.png Jéssica da Silva Moreira	1928	1 / 90	7 / 542	1 / 30	Federalism Liberal conservatism
		Brazilian Maximalist Union União Maximalista Brasileira	Eduardo Garcia Dubinski	1936	0 / 90	6 / 542	0 / 30	Maximalism Marxism Accelerationism
		Constitutionalist Party Partido Constitucionalista	Felipe Müller Ferreira	1932	0 / 90	5 / 542	0 / 30	Confederalism Social conservatism Paulista Autonomism
		Gaucho Republican Party Partido Republicano Gaúcho	Elizabete Almeida Metz	1929	0 / 90	5 / 542	0 / 30	Republicanism Liberalism Gaucho Autonomism
		Brazilian Democratic Party Partido Democrático Brasileiro	Edilson de Sá Aguiar	1992	1 / 90	4 / 542	0 / 30	Economic liberalism Presidentialism Liberal conservatism
		Mineiro Liberal Democratic Party Partido Liberal Democrata Mineiro	Fabiano Câmara de Arruda	1930	0 / 90	4 / 542	0 / 30	Laissez-faire Capitalism Liberalism Mineiro Autonomism
		Workers' Central Union União Central dos Trabalhadores	Guilherme Telles Veiga	1972	0 / 90	3 / 542	0 / 30	Bolshevism Marxism Anti-Fascism
		Pirate Party of Brazil Partido Pirata do Brasil	Joel Souza Vieira	2012	0 / 90	2 / 542	0 / 30	Pirate Politics Direct Democracy
		Brazilian Technocratic Party Partido Tecnocrata Brasileiro	Jerônimo Barcellos Freire	2005	1 / 90	1 / 542	0 / 30	Technocracy Civic Nationalism
		National Reorganization League Liga de Reorganização Nacional	Hélio Moretti Bachmann	2010	0 / 90	1 / 542	0 / 30	Ultranationalism Anti-communism Militarism