Megelan
Commune of Meᵹelan Comune di Meſiolano (Tuscan) | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
Anthem: "Toccata"  | |
| Capital | None |
| Largest | Alba |
| Official languages | Tuscan |
| Recognised national languages | Eastern Lombard Emilian Western Lombard |
| Recognised regional languages | Ladin Walser |
| Ethnic groups (2020) | 88.6% Meᵹelanese 11.4% Other |
| Religion (2020) | 88.6% Old Religion 11.4% Other |
| Demonym(s) | Meᵹelanese |
| Government | Confederal direct democracy under a non-partisan consensus directorial republic |
• Consulate of the Commune | Directory of 10 people |
• Elder of the Credenza and Captain of the People | Davide Ruggiero |
| Legislature | Grand and General Council |
| Credenza | |
| Arengo | |
| Establishment | |
• Independence | 20 March 1117 |
• Joined the Common Sphere | 25 March 1957 |
| Area | |
• Total | 34,112.37 km2 (13,170.86 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 4.2 |
| Population | |
• 2020 census | 4,237,301 |
• Density | 124.2/km2 (321.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $262 billion |
• Per capita | $62,014 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $356 billion |
• Per capita | $84,140 |
| Gini (2020) | 32.5 medium |
| HDI (2020) | 0.946 very high |
| Currency | Meᵹelanese scudo (▽) (SCU) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (UTC) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (UTC) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +37 |
| Internet TLD | .me |
Politics
The constitution of Meᵹelan is uncodified, and consists mostly of a collection of disparate written sources, including statutes, judge-made case law and international treaties, together with constitutional conventions. Under it, the states retain sovereignty over all governmental functions not specifically relinquished to the Grand and General Council, which is empowered to make war and peace, negotiate diplomatic and commercial agreements with foreign countries, and to resolve disputes between the states.
There are three main governing bodies in Meᵹelan: the legislative Grand and General Council, the executive Consulate of the Commune, and the judicial Consulate of Justice.
Executive
The role of collective head of state and of government of Meᵹelan is taken on by the Consulate of the Commune, a 10-member executive council; each Consul of the Commune heads one of the 10 ministries of the country.
The position of Elder of the Credenza and Captain of the People, or President, of Meᵹelan rotates among the ten Consuls of the Commune on a yearly basis. The President chairs the government and assumes representative functions, but is a primus inter pares with no additional powers, and remains the head of a ministry within the government.
Moreover, the Consuls of the Commune can not enact decrees or executive orders; they only enforce the law as written by the legislature and interpreted by the judiciary.
As of 2020, the ministries are: Foreign and Political Affairs; Internal Affairs; Finance and Budget; Industry and Crafts; Territory and Environment; Tourism; Health and Social Security; Education and Culture; Labour and Cooperation; Justice and Government Relations.
Electoral system
The Grand and General Council consists of two houses: the Credenza, or Grand Council, which has 20 representatives - 2 for each state - and the Arengo or General Council, which consists of 200 members who are elected under a system of proportional representation, depending on the population of each state.
In a general election, all eligible citizens in each rural village and urban district elect an aspirant delegate to the Credenza and an aspirant delegate to the Arengo; in total, 6072 aspirant delegates representing 3036 districts and villages.
The final 20 delegates to the Credenza and the final 200 delegates to the Arengo are chosen through a procedure - restricted to the aspirant delegates - of alternated sortition and election: the initial pool of 6072 is halved through sortition; then, the resulting pool of 3036 is halved through election, and so on. The Arengo then elects - by consensus and without reference to political parties - a directory of 10 Consuls of the Commune, to serve as the country's executive council.
The delegates so chosen are directly responsible to their constituents, are bound by their instructions, and may accordingly be dismissed from their post at any time or be voted out through a recall election. Each year, 1 Consul of the Commune out of 10, 2 delegates of the Credenza out of 20 and 20 delegates of the Arengo out of 200 are replaced.
Said by-elections involving 10% of all delegates are routine; general elections, on the other hand, are held only in exceptional cases.