Orleóis

Federal Republic of Orleóis République fédérale d'Orleóis
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: De la diversité, l'unité — From Diversity, Unity
Anthem: Gloire et Triumph
Capital and largest city	Val Royeaux
Official languages	Orlénié
Recognised national languages	English
Demonym(s)	Orlénié(s)
Government	Federal semi-presidential republic
• Madame President	Elisabeth Beaumont
• Madame Chancellor	Céline Divine
Legislature	Parliamentary Courts
• Upper house	Sénat des Territoires
• Lower house	Conseil des Citoyens
Establishment
• Imperial Covenant	800 CE
• Golden Concordat	1744
• Imperial Constitution	1791
• Digital Reformation	2008
Area
• Total	4,196,783 km2 (1,620,387 sq mi)
Population
• 2023 census	229,766,318
• Density	54.75/km2 (141.8/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	US$12.91 trillion
• Per capita	US$56.218,21
HDI (2023)	0.946 very high
Currency	Orén
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+71
Internet TLD	.fro

Orleóis—officially the Federal Republic of Orleóis and commonly referred to as the Republic or Orleóis—is a federal semi-presidential republic on the continent of Orleóis. Occupying the entirety of the continent under a single banner, it is a sizeable nation at over four million square kilometres and is inhabited by more than two hundred million residents and citizens.

The modern Republic has its roots in the formation of the Empire of Orleóis in the 9th Century, which was functionally a political and economic confederacy of thirteen kingdoms to preserve and protect their sovereignty. It was not until 1744 that the entire continent of Olympia was placed under the control of a single banner—that of the Republic—and not until 1793 that the Republic itself was officially established. Today, and since 1744, the Republic has a total of thirty-two territories representing the original thirty-two member states that formed the Orlénié Republic in 1744.

The Republic is, politically, a unique state. The head of government is the Chancellor, selected by the head of State—the President—and approved by the Council of Citizens of the Republic. This Council of Citizens also elects, for eight-year terms, whoever will occupy the seat of the President.

These two figures then work with the Federal Commission, which operates as a council of ministers of the Republic. The Federal Commission consists currently of twenty-one members, including the President and Chancellor.

The legislative branch of the Republic is also unique in that, while it operates under a standard two-chamber system, the chambers themselves are atypical. The upper house is titled the Senate of Territories (officially the Sénat des Territoires) and is made up of 384 members—twelve representatives for each of the thirty-two states. They are chosen in regional elections in each of the states and represent their local interests on the broader agenda of the Republic. Meanwhile, the lower house is known as the Council of Citizens (officially Conseil des Citoyens); this house, however, is a digital platform of “electronic democracy”, through which all citizens can participate in voting processes for bills that affect the Republic.

Today, the Republic is a peaceful and prosperous member of the international political and economic communities and is well-known for its preference of diplomacy and non-violence to settle disputes, as well as seeking a just and egalitarian redistribution of societal wealth and protection.

Toponomy

Olympia is a vast continent that is home to many diverse cultures, languages, and civilisations across various points in history. The people of Olympia have not always been united by a common identity or necessarily a shared history, although they have long been intertwined. However, for much of the recorded history of the continent’s civilisations, there is one word that has come to represent the collective spirit and heritage of all those on Olympia: Orlénié.

The term ‘Orlénié’ and its origins are not entirely understood. According to some scholars, it derives from a mythical island that was once in the Bay of Val Royeaux, called Elysium, and religious theologists have attempted to indicate that this was a supposed ‘gateway’ into the Veiled Fields at the core of the Orlénié religion. Others suggest that it comes from the name of a legendary tribe called the ‘Elysi’, who were said to be the first inhabitants of Olympia and the ancestors of all modern Orlénié. However, neither of these claims have been verified.

The first recorded use of the word ‘Orlénié’ comes in 721 BCE by Clara von Hügel, a historian and archivist from the Empire of Val Royeaux. She wrote a monumental work called the Histories of Olympia, which chronicled the events and achievements of the nations of Olympia from the dawn of civilisations to the present day. In her text, she writes:

“I have undertaken this great task of writing the history of Olympia, not only to preserve the memory of our glorious and divine past, but to inspire our children and the children of our children to continue to pursue our majestic place in the world. For we are all Orlénié, the children of this blessed land, and in that, we share a common destiny”.

Clara von Hügel’s work was widely read and admired by scholars and even some rulers across Olympia and was a major proponent of closer ties between kingdoms as it fostered a sense of ‘unity’ amongst the various territories. Her use of the word ‘Orlénié’, though the first recorded use of the word, is not thought to be the first use of the term more generally, leading to the theory that the idea of the ‘Orlénié’ being one people—likely against some sort of external threat. Whatever the case may be, it appears clear that all inhabitants of the continent of Olympia, regardless of their nationality, creed, or religion, were Orlénié.

As mentioned, the term—and its use in Clara’s Histories—had a profound cultural and political impact on Olympia. It fostered a sense of solidarity and cooperation among the nations of the continent, especially in times of crisis. It also encouraged a spirit of curiosity and exploration, who sought to learn more about their fellow Orlénié and their diverse cultures, as well as inspiring artists and poets to celebrate the beauty and diversity of Olympia and its people.

It is not fully understood why the term ‘Orlénié’ came to be used to refer to the people, when ‘Orleóis’ was not a common term before the rise of the Empire of Orleóis in the 13th Century, and especially given that the term ‘Olympia’ was in common use to refer to the continent itself. One plausible reason for this is that the word ‘Olympian’ was associated with some unknown people or region of the continent, although this theory has never been verified.

Another theory, raised in the 16th Century by Franziska von Schönberg, argues that the word ‘Olympian’ may have been a word used by a specific group of foreigners or outside raiders—of which there were many unidentified groups in the ancient history of the continent—to refer to the people of Olympia with slave-like connotations. As such, this term may have been considered a cruel representation of their people, and through collective solidarity, they may have decided to use a different word—especially one in relation to a unified religious belief and eternal glory—to refer to themselves.

Though it is odd that the term ‘Olympian’ does not appear in any texts after Clara von Hügel, it may be that this occurred even thousands of years before her time, and so, the reason for the word ‘Orlénié’ being used instead of ‘Olympian’ may have been lost even to them.

Whatever the case may be, the term ‘Orlénié’ has survived until today as a symbol of a unified identity. It is used across the continent with a tight bond for all its peoples, and—since the inception of the Empire of Orleóis and its subsequent expansion across the continent until the formation of the Orlénié Union in 1744 with the Golden Concordat—has been a valuable tool in the creation of a unified national legacy.

Political Structure

Territorial Divisions

Municipalities

The municipality is the smallest constitutionally recognised body of territorial organisation. After the 2008 constitutional reform, they are the second organ of most political participation in the Republic, surpassed exclusively by the Council of Citizens. The municipality, given its constitutional importance, is divided into two branches: its executive and its legislative branches.

The executive branch is represented by the Local Conclave. This is a triumvirate organ of candidates from the municipality elected directly by the people in elections, following a ranked-choice electoral system. Each citizen resident in the municipality will vote for all selected final candidates in a certain order (omitting those candidates they do not wish to vote for). The first to obtain a 50% majority is elected to be the Mayor of the city, who shall be the head of the Conclave. Their votes are then retired from the count, and the second candidate to reach 50% is the Vice Mayor, with the process repeating once again to elect the Deputy Mayor. These three shall then form a government, known as the Local Committee, and will oversee most local policies for the municipality.

The legislative branch is of the municipality—as with all territorial divisions—is none other than the Council of Citizens. Because each citizen must notify adequately of their place of residence, they are allotted into appropriate municipal, provincial, and regional groups for the voting sessions in each of those territorial divisions.

It is important to note that, though the legislative branch is a digital platform, the Local Committee is not. As such, this allows for the direct scrutiny, both physically and digitally, of their policies by the citizenship in a respectful and constructive manner. While participation in online sessions requires only an official registration, onsite sessions require the submission of official requests at the office of the Committee two days prior to the session, which occur on four separate days each week while the Committee is in session.

On the day prior to each session, an official Order of the Day is published, with all approved participation, questions, and matters. A citizen that requests to participate on a certain day may not be necessarily approved for that day—unless the object of their intervention is specific to the provisional Order of the Day, which is released a week prior—but must be approved for one in the subsequent week at the latest. Furthermore, the sessions shall be divided into specific subjects, which will allow an individual to connect to a session regarding one subject and not sessions regarding other topics on the Order of the Day.

For particularly large municipalities of populations surpassing 25,000 inhabitants, it is permitted for inframunicipal organs—such as district bodies—to represent the Committee, insofar as the Committee retains public sessions in the district where their office is located. In the Republic today, there are 81,403 municipalities.

Departments

The department is the second level of territorial organisation within the Republic. It is the midway point between municipalities and provinces. In total, there are 243 departments across the Republic, which not only exercise coordination between these levels, but also several executive functions with competences delegated to them by the Constitution.

The department also has two branches of government. The first of these is the executive branch. Much like the municipalities, elections are held across the province to select three members to form the Directory, made up of the Director, Vice Director, and Deputy Director. However, there is a notable restriction for members to be electable in these elections, and it is that they must be a member of the Conclaves of their municipalities (meaning each municipality would have, at most, three candidates for the Cabinet). Once these members are elected, they form a government known as the Provincial Committee.

Meanwhile, the legislative branch is, again, the corresponding level of the Council of Citizens.

Provinces

The provinces of the Republic are the most important territorial division of the country, representing the utmost federal union of states and serving as the primary guide for all territorial divisions beneath them. They correspond to the historical thirty-two members states that formed the Republic in the 19th Century, and retain much of their historical, cultural, and political identities.

That said, certain modifications have been made to harmonise electoral processes across all territories of the Republic; one of these, especially, is the decision to harmonise ranked-choice based electoral voting across the country, as well as general legislative and executive structures. As such, the provinces—as the levels beneath them—have a legislative branch composed of the corresponding level of territorial cohesion within the Council of Citizens, whilst its executive branch is elected from the eligible members of their respective provinces (which, given the much larger dimensions of departments versus municipalities, usually results in roughly twenty candidates per province). The resulting electoral body is known as the Provincial Presidium and is composed of the Governor—acting as the head of the body—the Vice Governor, and the Deputy Governor.

Legislative Branch

The Legislative Branch of the Republic is known collectively as the Parliamentary Courts. They are a bicameral organ composed of an upper house, known as the Senate of Territories, and a lower house, known as the Council of Citizens. These chambers hold some particularities in comparison to the legislative branches of other countries, most notably with regards to the democratic and participative nature of the Council of Citizens.

While the Senate of Territories performs its ceremonies and celebrates its sessions in the Palais des Isidor, nestled in the heart of the capital city of Val Royeaux, the Council of Citizens is held exclusively in online forums, video conferences, and other forms of telecommunications. Furthermore, since 2016, these methods now require biometric identification either through facial recognition technology, finger-print identification, or electronic signature technology, at the behest of the citizen themselves. All services are well-protected from hacking to limit the effects on the democratic functioning of the Republic, and all forums are protected by two-factor authentication, requiring one of these biometric identification methods and an additional process chosen by the citizen—these can include passcodes, authenticators, secret questions, etc.

Neither the Senate nor the Council have political parties, as these were deemed detrimental to the functioning of the civilised Orlénié society. As such, these were replaced by ‘factions’, which are merely representative bodies that each voter may wilfully join or from which they may retire, should they so wish to. The more citizens join a particular faction, the more ‘power’ that faction wields within the Courts; however, these factions cannot vote themselves nor control the votes of the citizens that form a part of it. With no figure of the ‘whip’, the citizens will choose, freely and secretly, to vote on a bill in whichever way they deem appropriate.

There are four types of bills that can be passed in the Courts. These are:

• Public bills. These are bills written and submitted by the Commission, who have the right of priority in terms of submission order.
• Private members’ bills. These are bills submitted by members of the Chamber of Territories to the appropriate parliamentary commission, or by a determined number of factions in the Forum.
• Private bills. These are bills submitted by individual citizens—with the necessary popular support—or by organisations of the civil society—including, but not limited to, trade unions, NGOs, representative organisations, etc.
• Hybrid bills. These are bills submitted by more than one organisation pertaining to different groups, such as Government and factions, individual citizens backing a motion by a senator, etc.

Public bills—after receiving the appropriate support from both the Commission and the Council—are presented to the Senate of Territories, where a thorough (and televised) debate of the bill between elected officials can take place. This occurs in the Palais des Isidor, in the capital city of Val Royeaux. Once passed, the bill is presented to the Council, where citizens will have time to present debates and discussions regarding the bill. After a minimum of seven days of debate, on the closest available Friday, the vote shall take place, with each citizen cataloguing their votes on the digital platform—which can be accessed via personal devices or by proceeding to their closest municipal building to vote at stations available there. Private members’ bills follow this process as well, as they must be submitted first in the Senate.

Private bills, on the hand, follow a distinctly different process. These bills—which can be presented by individual citizens, factions, or organisations of the civil society—must be presented first to the Council itself, requiring a minimum of five hundred thousand votes to be considered (or one million votes, in the cases specified by the Constitution). These votes can be obtained either by explicit consent—which is when a citizen wilfully gives their signature to a particular bill or topic of discussion—or implicit consent—which is that consent given when a citizen forms part a faction that submits a bill to the Council, or supports a bill presented by a citizen to the Council, and they do not explicitly withdraw their approval before the end of the allotted time for the process. If the bill is approved in the Council, it is then transferred to the Senate for review.

In this case, should the Senate approve the bill, the Government shall be obliged to present a plan to bring the act into motion within the following three months. This plan does not need to be detailed but should be sufficiently explicative that it is evident that the bill would achieve the objectives identified by the Courts. Should the Senate reject the bill in its entirety, the Council can override this rejection with a 60% qualified majority vote. Should the Senate present amendments to the bill, this bill will return to the Council, which will require approval of the modifications. Should they be approved, the obligation is then transferred to the government; should they reject these modifications or make amendments to them, the bill will return to the Senate.

In this final reading, should the Senate approve of the modifications, the obligation is then transferred to the Government. However, should the Senate reject the modifications, a special commission must be established between Government, Senate, and a representative faction of the Council (chosen by the governing body of the Council) to reach a consensus. Should a consensus be reached, the bill is presented first to the Council and then to the Senate for final approval. If a consensus cannot be reached, the Council can vote, with two-thirds qualified majority, to push the bill through to Government.

Senate of Territories

The Senate of Territories (Sénat des Territoires) is the upper house of the legislative branch of the Republic. The election of the members of the Senate technically corresponds to the democratically elected governments of each of the regions, but they must be specifically validated and confirmed by the citizens of said region prior to their ascension to the Senate.

The composition of the Senate of Territories is undertaken by the regional governments of the provinces of the Republic. Each government will present to the citizens of their respective province a set of twelve candidates, drawn from politically relevant members of the society of that region, to represent them at the Senate of Territories. These candidates are then questioned and perform live debates with citizens both onsite at various locations or on online platforms, to ascertain their political inclinations and make informed decisions regarding their suitability for the position. Once this has been determined, the citizens vote to confirm—as a collegiate body—the set of candidates.

It is quite common, in these situations, for factions—both national and regional ones—to support specific candidates. These can include campaigning for or against specific candidates, as well as participating in debates, conferences, and other forms of political scrutiny of public figures. As the upper house of the Courts, the Senate must approve the General Budget, scrutinise the actions of Government in four weekly sessions, and exercise other competences deposited to it by the constitutional and legal framework of the Republic. The Senate operates in two periods of plenary sessions: the first, between September and December, and the second, between February and June. This allows for a one-month recess in January and a two-month recess in July and August; however, during these periods, a 28-member Permanent Committee is in place to continue with non-urgent dealings of the Senate.

Elections are called on the 1st of June of every third year by the Bureau of the Senate, the governing body of the Senate, which is composed of eleven members, chosen by the members of the Senate for the purposes of organisation and moderation of plenary sessions. After the elections have been set, the Senate itself will be dissolved until a new configuration can be defined.

Council of Citizens

The Council of Citizens is the lower house of the legislative branch of the Republic. It is the de facto primary chamber of the Courts, largely because of the political discourse of citizens in this body. The Council is a unique chamber because it does not have voted representatives, but rather, is the direct democratic representation of oneself by oneself in a chamber of free political discussion. In this format, citizens cannot be wrongfully represented by their elected bureaucrats; as such, it becomes integral to the interests of both Government and civil society to make the object of any work of law clear to the citizens, making it accessible to all and easing the democratic process.

The Council of Citizens is a new creation, born during the Constitutional Reform of 2008. The introduction of the process of Digitalisation of the State revolutionised the Orlénié political system. Prior to this, the Council of Citizens was formerly the National Assembly, and was a 650-member representative body using ranked-choice first-past-the-post system. This has since been replaced by a sophisticated and digitalised direct democracy system using advanced electronic platforms to allow citizens to participate in the political debate of the Courts from their personal devices or at digital stations available at municipal centres across the Republic. They can also be viewed via televised online sessions, as is also the case with the Senate.

In addition to the bills presented by the Commission to the Senate, citizens can choose to present private bills to the Council itself. This requires the backing and support of five hundred thousand citizens, either by explicit consent—usually achieved via digital or physical signing campaigns, including those available on the platform of the Council itself—or with the backing of the factions of the Council and their incorporated votes—known as implicit consent. It is common for bills to be presented to the Council to be debated not only at a wide, national level, but also at lower, local levels.

Voting in the Council of Citizens, however, is two-fold. It requires not only the approval by simple majority—in most cases—of votes from the citizens, but also of a simple majority of municipalities—which is counted by allotting each municipality a single vote, determined by the overall majority vote in each individual municipality. This is to guarantee that rural municipalities with lower populations are equally represented in the Council.

The competences of the Council are extremely varied. On the one hand, they are the utmost representation of the legislative power of the Republic, voting on and approving or rejecting bills that affect the political structure and projects of the Republic, as well as presenting citizen-led legislative initiatives. Furthermore, they must recognise the final composition of the Commission on an eight-year basis. The Council can also willingly choose to remove any member of Government, requiring 15% of the Council to request a Motion of No Confidence in the member to the Senate. Should the Senate provide backing, the motion is returned to the Council for a simple majority vote; should the Senate not provide backing, it shall return to the Council requiring two-thirds qualified majority.

Despite the lack of political parties, the will of the people is recognised within the Council by ‘factions’. These factions are legally recognised groups of people that have a specific end in mind, or wish to defend certain ideals, ethics, or ideologies. There is no limit to the number of factions that may exist in the Council, nor are there limits to the number of factions that a citizen may form a part of—although each citizen shall only ever receive one vote. Factions are of free entry and exit, and cannot have economic quotas, payments, or financial accounts tied to their judicial person. Furthermore, to form a faction, at least 100,000 citizens must sign up to be the founding members, and no faction can have less than 60,000 members.

The Council of Citizens is led by the Bureau of the Citizenry, which are a set of fifty-two prominent faction leaders elected by the Council to organise its tasks under the supervision of the Senate.

Executive Branch

The executive branch of the Republic is the branch responsible for enacting the various policies of the State and organising the Public Administration to guarantee the basic tenets of the Constitution are adhered to. The executive branch is organised in dual format: the head of State, embodied by the President, and the head of Government, embodied by the Chancellor, both of which form part of the Commission—which is presided by the Chancellor—and enacts the various policies of the government.

The Commission is provided housing at the massive Palace of the Republic (Palais de la République), in the heart of the capital city of Val Royeaux. This complex is where most of the meetings of the Commission take place, as well as acting as a temporary home for the Chancellor during their tenure in government. The President, meanwhile, lives in the old imperial Palace—the Palace of Rosenburg (Palais de Rosenburg)—in the centre of Val Royeaux.

Federal Commission

The Federal Commission is the body of the Orlénié government that oversees the administrative core of the Republic. The Commission must have twenty-one members, in addition to the President and the Chancellor. The remaining members shall be ‘Lord Commissioners’ of the Republic and shall have specific portfolios assigned to them, such as Defence, Education, Labour, Pensions, etc.

The organisation of the Commission itself is at the behest of the Chancellor, who organises their first Commission upon entering office and then subsequently can modify this Commission at will. The first Commission must be approved and confirmed in its entirety by the Senate, which will also confirm any further modifications and additions to the Commission.

The Federal Commission has legislative initiative, meaning that it can put forth to the legislative branch bills on any number of factors ranging from education, internal security, fiscal policy, social security, etc. It also has executive powers, allowing it to exercise these powers freely within the limitations of the legal and constitutional framework of the Republic. Furthermore, the Commission has the right of enforcement, allowing it to use a variety of agencies, departments, and dependent organisms to ensure that its laws and regulations are adhered to across the Republic.

The Commission are provided office space and facilities at the Palais de la République in Val Royeaux, as well as living quarters for the Chancellor and a determined number of additional guests, should it be required. The Commission has also been known to use a variety of other palaces for other events, including the Palais de Rosenburg, when dealing with specific matters of foreign affairs, or to entertain state visits by foreign dignitaries. Other such buildings include the Palais de Isidor, the Château d’Arlac, the Palais de Bellefontaine, and even the Royeaux Court Operahouse (the Opéra des Rois de Royeaux), most notably during the Orlénié State Ball.

President of the Republic

The President of the Republic is a key figure in the governance of the nation, playing a crucial role in both ceremonial and executive functions. The presidency embodies the unity of the nation and symbolises its continuity. Its responsibilities and duties are vast, encompassing a range of activities that contribute to the stability, security, and well-being of the Republic.

The duties of the president include:

• Ceremonial Duties. At the heart of the presidential duties lie its ceremonial role, representing the unity and continuity of the Republic. The president is the embodiment of the State and its values, participating in various state ceremonies, receptions, and other diplomatic events. From state funerals to national celebrations, the President is present as a unifying figure.
• Guardian of the Constitution. The President is also the guardian of the Constitution, ensuring that its principles and values are upheld throughout the country. While the day-to-day administration is handled by the Chancellor, the President stands as the ultimate safeguard against any actions that may compromise the constitutional order. This includes ensuring the separation of powers and protecting the fundamental rights and liberties of citizens.
• Foreign Affairs. Another significant aspect of the President’s duties lies in the realm of foreign affairs. The President is the Republic’s chief diplomat, representing the nation in international forums and maintaining diplomatic relations with other countries. Through state visits, meetings with foreign leaders, and participation in international conferences, the President contributes to shaping the country’s image on the global stage. Additionally, the President plays a crucial role in the negotiation and ratification of treaties, fostering alliances, and addressing issues of global concern.
• Defence of the Republic. The President serves as the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Republic, holding the ultimate authority over the nation’s defence and security. While the day-to-day operations are overseen by military commanders and defence personnel, the president holds the power to deploy military forces in the defence of the nation. This role underscores the President’s responsibility for the safety and security of the country and its citizens. It must be noted that this does not mean, however, that the president is able to declare war, as the only organ which is competent for such a task in the Republic is the Senate.
• Appointment Powers. The president holds significant appointment powers, including key figures in the administration, judiciary, and military. This includes the appointment of the Chancellor, in conjunction with the Senate, as well as judges, ambassadors, and other high-ranking officials. These appointments are crucial in shaping the direction and efficiency of the government.
• Emergency Powers. In times of crisis or emergency, the President may be granted certain emergency powers to address the situation effectively. These powers, defined by the Constitution of the Republic, allow the president to take swift and decisive action to protect the Republic, be it from foreign invasion, natural catastrophe, pandemic or diseases, or shortages of crucial supplies and materials. These powers are, of course, subject to checks and balances to prevent their misuse.  
• National Unity. Beyond specific duties, the President of the Republic plays a unique role in fostering national unity. Through speeches, addresses, and public appearances, the President has the ability to inspire and reassure the public. During times of crisis and grief, the President’s leadership is crucial in maintaining the cohesion of the nation and instilling confidence in the government.

Chancellor of the Republic

The Chancellor of the Republic is the official head of government of the Republic and is a deeply integrated role in the political realm of the country. As in other political systems, the Chancellor is of immense importance to the unity and legitimacy of the State, as well as having a key role in directing the political and administrative structures of the State in the direction that they deem necessary.

The Constitution provides the Chancellor with the right to determine their government, organise their public policies, and grants executive powers to conduct the organisation of the administrative apparatus of the State. That said, however, the political system in the Republic follows a similar division as that of most semi-presidential systems, with various powers and duties deposited also in the head of State, the President of the Republic.

The competences assigned to the Chancellor are not precisely defined, as they are a product of a political convention at the start of each Chancellor’s new five-year term. That said, various specific duties are inalienably assigned to the Office of the Chancellor. These include the organisation of the Government and of the Commission (although this is largely shared with the President); the determination and direction of domestic policy of the Republic; and the capacity to modify and change economic and fiscal policy of the Republic. Conversely, the head of State—the President—will be mostly tasked with: duties related to the definition of the Republic’s foreign policy and representation abroad, in conjunction with the Commission; the definition of the State’s defence and security policy, in conjunction with the Commission; and others. It is important to note that, while both the head of State and Government wield considerable power, they are counterbalanced by both the other, and the Commission and Senate, to ensure a more uniform approach to policy both domestically and abroad.

Elections

Since the founding of the Republic in 1793, and through its different historical modifications, the head of State has always been elected via universal suffrage. In its current iteration since the Digital Revolution of 2008 and the introduction of the Council of Citizens, instead of organising these elections via ballot, it is instead done via an electronic voting system requiring biometric and two-factor authentication, as well as at specialised voting stations set up at municipal, departmental, and provincial buildings.

The President of the Republic is elected on a ten-year term, with elections always held on one of the week’s four rest days, allowing most ease in the voting process—this, however, is a remnant of the previous ballot-voting system, as this is rather easy to do on personal devices post-Digital Revolution. This does, however, also allow for maximum participation in political debates and discussion in the forums, conferences, and other media.

For a candidate to be considered for the office of the President, they require the explicit or implicit support of at least two million citizens. They must also obtain the backing of at least one-twentieth of the members of the Senate. The finalised list of candidates—which cannot number greater than ten—is established nine months before the elections themselves take place. In this time, the Council of Citizens will sponsor debates, campaigns, and other activities to control the promotion of candidates and ensure that all are equally represented.

During the election, at least one candidate must obtain 50% of the popular vote. This is done via a ranked-choice based system of electoral voting, allowing for the most approximate representation of a majority of the popular vote. Once the Council of Citizens has elected a candidate, they are bestowed in an inauguration ceremony with the Robes of the Republic that carry with them the right to preside the Republic, and they begin their duties.

The first order of business after any election of the President is the election of the Chancellor. Once a President has been sworn into office, they must present to the Senate a candidate which they would like to take the mantel of the Chancellor for the first five years of their tenure. A debate then takes place during which the Senate verify the profile of the selected candidate and then either approve or reject the candidate. Should the Senate reject the candidate, the President must continue to present candidates until one is selected. Should the Senate approve of the candidate, then the Chancellor and President will then formulate and present the official list of members to form part of the Federal Commission, which must also be approved by the Senate.

It’s important to note that, while the Chancellor can form part of three consecutive governments, a President-elect cannot be elected in two consecutive elections.

Structure of Government

Base structure of a Department

The Commission is composed of several bodies—currently 21—known as ‘Departments’, with a specific ministerial portfolio of duties, tasks, and obligations assigned to each commissioner. The organisation of these ministries is done so in the manner of choosing of the Chancellor, although there is input from the President in this regard. At the head of each ministry is the Lord Commissioner assigned to said department.

Each Department is further constituted by ‘State Ministries’, which are the highest sub-departmental organ in the Republic. They are presided by Lord Ministers and must be selected through rigorous testing processes. These ministries are then divided into ‘bureaus’, led by Lord Secretaries. Lastly, these directorates are composed of ‘directorates’, which can either be the last level or can be divided further into ‘subdirectorates’.

It is not obligatory for this structure to be followed, however. A directorate does not necessarily have to be subordinate to a bureau but can be directly dependent of a State Ministry, while a bureau might be dependent of the department itself. However, the administrative rank of the person in charge of the body cannot change; a Lord Secretary cannot oversee a Ministry, nor can a bureau officer oversee a directorate. As such, state ministries are often reserved for the most important topics amongst a department’s duties, and some departments do not have ministries if it is deemed that they have no topics requiring a position of such importance.

Each department will also have a technical cabinet, which provides technical assistance to the Lord Commissioner, as well as an Undersecretary of the department for additional organisational support regarding financing, budgeting, human resources, etc.

Shadow Commission

The Shadow Commission is the name given to the ‘Opposition’ Commission. This Commission is formed by the second-most voted candidate during the elections for the Presidency, and—in accordance with the Constitution—must have the same overall structure and ‘shadow’ the competences of the Commission. This commission acts as a legal counterweight to the administrative decisions of Government and can publish and publicly suggest alternative solutions. They also have the right to obtain information critical to the functioning of the government, including information not released to the public; as such, they are sworn under the same oaths of secrecy and duty to the State as the incumbent government. In practice, the Shadow Commission consists of members—approved by the Senate—who scrutinise their corresponding government commissioners, develop alternative policies, and hold the Government accountable for their actions.

Members of the Shadow Commission have no executive or legislative powers and must limit their activity to studying and scrutinising the policies and actions of the Government. This may give them considerable prominence within the political structure of the Republic, but it must also be noted that they are not necessarily a political representation of any body of the state. As such, the Senate may, via absolute majority, remove one or all of the members of the Shadow Commission—except for the ‘Shadow President’, as they have been elected and validated by the Council of Citizens and can only be removed by this Council, although the Senate may request this measure of the Council.

Judicial Branch

The Republic stands as a testament to the principles of justice and the rule of law, with its judicial branch playing a crucial role in upholding these ideals. The intricate system of justice—both at the provincial and national levels—ensures that the rights of the citizens are protected, disputes are resolved, and the stability of the Republic is maintained.

At the provincial level, the judicial branch is structured in a hierarchical manner, mirror the administrative divisions of the Republic. Each province has its own network of courts, overseen by esteemed jurists known as Praetors. These praetors, chosen for their legal acumen and unwavering commitment to justice, preside over the Provincial Courts. They are responsible for ensuring that laws are upheld, interpreting legal codes, and resolving conflicts within their jurisdiction.

Beneath the Provincial Courts are District Courts, where cases of civil and criminal natura are heard. These courts are presided over by experienced magistrates who possess a deep understanding of the law and a keen sense of fairness. They meticulously evaluate evidence, hear arguments, and render judgements based on the merits of each case. They serve as guardians of justice, ensuring that the due process is followed and that the rights of all parties are protected.

The judicial proceedings are facilitated by a team of legal professionals, including advocates and legal scholars, who provide expert guidance and support. Advocates, skilled in the art of persuasion and eloquence, represent clients and present their cases before the courts. Legal scholars, on the other hand, engage in scholarly research, studying legal texts and precedent to offer insights and interpretations into complex legal matters.

At the national level, the apex of the judicial branch is the Court of Cassation, located in the heart of the capital city of Val Royeaux. This esteemed institution comprises the most distinguished jurists in the Republic, known as Justices. These justices, appointed for life, possess an unparalleled depth of legal knowledge and wisdom. They are entrusted with the task of interpreting the law, resolving conflicts between provinces, and ensuring the uniform application of justice throughout the Republic. The Court of Cassation serves as the final arbiter of justice, acting as the court of last resort for those seeking redress. It reviews cases on appeal from the Provincial Courts, carefully examining the legal arguments and evidence presented. The judgements of the Court of Cassation carry immense weight, setting precedents that guide future legal interpretations and shape the development of the Republic’s legal system.

The support the functioning of the judicial branch and maintain the highest standards of justice, a comprehensive system of legal education and training is established. Aspiring jurists undergo rigorous academic and practical training, studying the principles of Orlénié law, legal philosophy, and courtroom procedures. Renowned academies, such as the Académie Juridique de Beauchamps in Val Royeaux, serve as centres of legal training, nurturing the next generation of legal minds and instilling in them a deep sense of ethical responsibility.

The judicial branch of the Republic is not merely a mechanism for dispute resolution, but a pillar of the society that upholds the principles of justice, fairness, and the rule of law. Its commitment to impartiality, integrity, and the pursuit of the truth fosters a sense of trust and confidence amongst the citizenries. Through its steadfast dedication to justice, the judicial branch contributes to the overall stability and prosperity of the union, ensuring that the rights of its people are safeguarded, and that disputes are resolved in a just and equitable manner.

Military

The military of the Republic stands as a formidable force dedicated to ensuring the security of the Republic, projecting power across the globe and safeguarding the interests of the Republic. Drawing inspiration from the principles of liberty, democracy, social justice, and national defence, the Orlénié military showcases a commitment to excellence, innovation, and global stability.

Comprised of various branches—including the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps—the military boasts a comprehensive range of capabilities across land, sea, and air domains. The army, composed of highly-skilled soldiers, excels in ground operations, leveraging innovative technology, advanced combat vehicles, and sophisticated communications systems. The Navy, equipped with state-of-the-art warships and submarines, maintains a robust maritime presence, upholding freedom of navigation and safeguarding crucial waterways in the Republic. The Air Force, with its fleet of advanced aircraft—ranging from fighter jets and bombers to helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles, and transport craft—ensures aerial superiority, rapidly deployment, effective reconnaissance, and precision strikes. The Marine Corps, renowned for its amphibious capabilities, specialises in expeditionary warfare, swiftly responding to crises and projecting force with agility and efficiency.

The military’s leadership and command structure are built upon a foundation of expertise and experience. Seasoned officers provide strategic guidance and oversee operations across the various branches, with select few officers given the authority to command combined arms operations. Their astute decision-making, coupled with comprehensive planning and coordination, ensures the military’s readiness and effectiveness in meeting a diverse set of challenges.

Emphasising joint operations and interoperability, the military fosters collaboration and synergy amongst its branches, enabling seamless integration and combined arms effectiveness. The rank structure is composed of officers, non-commissioned officers, and enlisted personnel, tasked with everything from formulating military strategies, coordinating joint operations, and performing the on-site tasks and duties required to complete the outlined objectives.

Technological innovation plays a pivotal role in shaping the military’s capabilities. Investment in research and development fuels advancements in defence technologies, encompassing areas such as weaponry, intelligence gathering, cyberwarfare suites, telecommunications networks, advanced fighter craft, missile defence systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, and sophisticated Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities. Robotics and unmanned systems contribute to the military’s effectiveness, enhancing reconnaissance, logistical, and even limited combat operations. The military remains at the forefront of technological advancements, adapting and leveraging emerging technologies to maintain a competitive edge.

A highly trained and professional military force relies also on rigorous education, training, and talent development. The military’s academies and specialised training institutions instil a culture of excellence, fostering leadership, critical thinking, and specialised skills amongst the ranks. Continuous training exercises, simulations, and joint multinational exercises hone the military’s proficiency and promote collaboration with allied nations. The well-being of the service members is a priority, with comprehensive healthcare, support programmes, and ample opportunity for career growth and personal development both within the military and post-retirement.

Beyond its primary role of defence, the military actively contributes to global stability and humanitarian endeavours. It participates in peacekeeping missions, disaster-relief operations, and international efforts to combat terrorism and ensure regional security. The military’s expeditionary capabilities enable rapid response to crises, facilitating the delivery of aid, promoting stability, and conducting joint exercises and military exchange programmes with allied nations to foster cooperation and to strengthen diplomatic ties. The military acts as a responsible global partner, upholding shared values and contributing to a more secure and prosperous world.

With its commitment to excellence, technological advancement, and comprehensive training, the military forces of the Republic serve as a guardian of security, projecting power when necessary, and actively contributing to global peace and stability. As an integral pillar of the nation’s identity and progress, the military stands ready to defend Orlénié interests and promote the well-being of its people in a rapidly evolving world.

Law Enforcement

Law enforcement in the Republic operates under a well-structured and coordinated system that ensures the safety and security of its citizens across the thirty-two member states. The country’s federal model allows for a balance between central authority and regional autonomy, reflecting in the framework of the law enforcement system.

At the national level, the Federal Security Bureau (FSB) serves as the primary law enforcement agency responsible for maintaining public order and enforcing federal law. It operates under the jurisdiction of the Home Office, which oversees the country’s overall security apparatus. The FSB works closely with provincial law enforcement agencies to ensure effective collaboration and information sharing.

In each province, a Provincial security office is established to oversee the law enforcement matters at the regional level. The exact nomenclature of these offices is decided by the province itself. These agencies are responsible for maintaining peace and security within their respective jurisdictions, as well as enforcing regional laws and regulations. They work in close cooperation with the FSB, sharing resources, intelligence, and expertise to combat crime and maintain public safety.

Additionally, the Republic places great emphasis on community policing initiatives. These ‘community police units’ are established in towns and cities across the country to foster a strong bond between law enforcement and local communities. These units collaborate directly with residents, engaging in crime-prevention programmes, addressing community concerns, and building trust and cooperation between citizens and law enforcement officers.

The Republic’s law enforcement agencies prioritise training and professionalism, and police recruits undergo comprehensive training programmes that focus on law enforcement techniques, community relations, ethics, and respect for human rights. Ongoing professional development is also emphasised to ensure that officers stay updated with the latest investigative techniques, technologies, and legal evolution.

To maintain accountability and oversight, an independent agency under the ombudsman of the State known as the Office of Police Overview investigates and address complaints against law enforcement officers, ensuring transparency and accountability in these operations.

Economy

The economy of the Republic is a robust and prosperous one, driven by a diverse range of sectors and fuelled by a skilled and educated workforce. With a population exceeding 229 million, the country boasts a thriving domestic market that fuels consumption and drives economic growth. The currency, known as the Elyss, symbolises the stability and strength of the national economy.

The GDP per capita of over $56,000 reflects the high standard of living enjoyed by the Orlénié population. The country’s GDP of $13 trillion underscores its economic might on the global stage. The Republic has achieved a remarkable level of human development, boasting an HDI of 0.946—indicating elevated levels of education, life expectancy, healthcare, and income—and a remarkably low Gini coefficient of 12.2—highlighting the country’s commitments to social equity and wealth distribution.

The Republic’s economy is characterised by a diverse range of sectors that contribute to its overall growth and prosperity. The manufacturing sector plays a significant role, with industries such as automotive, electronics, and machinery producing high-quality goods for both domestic and international markets. The agricultural sector is also prominent, with fertile lands across the country supporting the production of a wide variety of high-quality crops and livestock. The services sector is also a major driver of the economy, encompassing industries such as finance, telecommunications, tourism, and professional services. The country’s modern and efficient infrastructure, including advanced telecommunication networks and well-developed transportation systems, supports the smooth functioning of the services-based industries.

The Republic’s commitment to innovation and technological advancement is evident in its thriving research and development sector. The country invests heavily in scientific research, fostering collaboration between universities, research institutions, and cooperative enterprises. This dedication to innovation has led to breakthroughs in various fields, including medicine, renewable energies, robotics, biotechnologies, and information technology.

Trade also plays a vital role in the Republic’s economy, with the country engaging in global commerce and maintaining strong international partnerships. The country’s strategic location and well-developed transportation infrastructure facilitate the movement of goods across the country, contributing to its position as a global trading hub. The Republic exports a diverse range of products, including manufactured goods, agricultural produce, and high-value services. It is important to note that, given the intricately webbed system of local councils and market socialist economic system, most imports and exports are overseen by government agencies at the provincial level for logistical purposes, with the National Agency for Trade and Commerce, dependent on the Ministry of Commerce, managing nationwide imports and exports organisation.

The government of the Republic is dedicated to creating a favourable business environment, supporting cooperative entrepreneurship, and attracting foreign investment to local businesses (albeit with limited impact, given the nature of the cooperative system and the Social Harmony Fund). The government also promotes sustainable practices and green initiatives, ensuring that economic growth is balanced with environmental preservation. The Republic is also dedicated to education and skills development, resulting in a highly-educated and productive workforce. The country boasts world-class universities, vocational training institutes, and research centres that equip individuals with the knowledge, skills, and qualifications necessary to excel in various industries. This focus on education and human capital development contributes to the country’s overall economic competitiveness and ensures a steady supply of skilled professionals.

Structure of the Economy

The economy of the Republic is a model of an advanced market socialist system. With a unique combination of market principles and socialist ideals, it has a struck a balance between economic prosperity and social welfare, offering a system that not only promotes the well-being of the community, but also strives for equity in a decentralised economic system.

At its core, market socialism is a fundamental tenet of the economy. The key distinction lies in the structure of the businesses themselves within the Republic; companies operate as worker cooperatives, where employees have a significant say in the decision-making process to ensure not only fair wages in relation to the responsibilities of each post, but also a more just and equal redistribution of the economy’s total wealth. A key component of this system is what is known as the Social Harmony Fund, which is a robust mechanism for redistributing profits from cooperatives to the broader population. This system permits cooperatives to first extract from their global annual income the costs of production and maintenance of operations—including wages for all workers—a certain percentage that is allocated to contingency funds for further expansion and to respond to market shocks and investment opportunities, and comparatively low taxes. The resulting company profits are allocated to the Social Harmony Fund, which acts as a social dividend to the general population and is an exclusive competence of the federal state of the Republic (although the act of collecting said funds is decentralised to the provinces themselves).

Social Harmony Fund

The Social Harmony Fund is a central pillar of the Republic’s economy. It serves as a powerful tool to mitigate income inequality and promote fairness and equal opportunity. Profits that are not needed for the basic functioning of businesses or the livelihood of their employees are funnelled into this communal fund, which is controlled and managed by the federal state. What follows is a process of redistribution that forms the backbone of the Republic’s commitment to income equality across the country.

The pooled profits are reallocated in a manner that provides additional support to individuals in lower paying jobs, whilst providing less support to those in higher-paying roles. This method acts as an equalising force, encouraging a more equitable distribution of resources and wealth and supporting the well-being of the citizens. This focus on equity not only prevents excessive accumulation of wealth, but also ensures that individuals across the country can enjoy an adequate and dignified standard of living.

While it promotes fairness, this system does not stifle innovation or productivity. Instead, it fuels a sense of solidarity and cooperation, as individuals understand that their collective efforts benefit the entirety of society. This sense of social responsibility is a key component of Orlénié social doctrine and is a driving force behind the Republic’s economic success.

The process begins with the collection of funds form the various worker cooperatives across the Republic, which is a task entrusted to the provinces of the Republic. Their leaders are responsible for overseeing the collection of these profits, ensuring that the requisite percentage not allocated to sustenance and contingency funds is redirected towards the Social Harmony Fund. The collected funds are then channelled into the common pool, amassed in a single vast treasury under the oversight and management of the federal government. That said, the input of the member states is key, as it helps understand the needs and requirements of the regions and ensure that they are addressed correctly.

The President takes on the profound responsibility of organising and managing the Social Harmony Fund. As a symbol of unity and justice, the President plays a leading role in overseeing the operation of the fund, and their moral authority and commitment to social welfare make them a key choice for this critical task. They ensure that the fund operates transparently, efficiently, and in accordance with the principles and values of the Republic.

The Commission plays an advisory role in the decision-making process of fund manage. It is responsible for making strategic decisions regarding the allocation of resources and the establishment of criteria for fund distribution, in conjunction with negotiation with the Bureau of the Senate for specific matters of territorial representation. Their role is essential in ensuring that the fund’s objectives align with the Republic’s core principles. It also oversees the practical aspects of fund allocation and distribution, considering the needs and requests of local councils and ensuring it is used correctly to address disparities and promote social harmony.

The Social Harmony Fund is distributed with a deep commitment to equity and social justice. Though it does not specifically respond to the needs and requirements of local councils—as they are more about the equal redistribution of wealth—the needs of regions and territories are taken into consideration during this process. This is a primary task of the President, who oversees the equality of the distribution of these funds. That said, the Social Harmony Fund is more than merely an economic mechanism; it is a symbol of unity and social responsibility. It embodies the Republic’s core values, demonstrating that a state can achieve both economic prosperity and social welfare by harnessing the power of decentralised markets and planning structures, as well as the dedication of its leaders. The President, as overseer of the fund, becomes a visible manifestation of the importance of the well-being of all Orlénié subjects to the throne. It underscores the Republic’s belief that wealth should be distributed equitably, ensuring that each citizen can lead a decent and dignified life.

Economic Decentralisation

One of the defining characteristics of the Republic’s economic system is the decentralisation towards the communities of the entire economic apparatus. Regions and cities across the country develop local councils which play a pivotal role in the allocation and distribution of resources across the country. These local councils are tasked with coordinating and developing ‘resource requests’, which are then sent out to other cities and regions that have the capacity to provide the manufactured goods, raw materials, and other resources required. This decentralised approach not only empowers local communities, but also ensures that resources are still distributed efficiently and with great economic value.

Local councils within the Republic are integral in facilitating the exchange of goods and services across the country. They serve as intermediaries, connecting regions with surplus resources to those with deficits. This fosters cooperation and interdependence amongst various parts of the country, promoting a sense of self-reliance and strengthening social bonds.

The existence of local councils also plays a significant role in ensuring that resources are allocated where they are most needed. These councils are intimately familiar with the needs of their communities, which enables them to make informed decisions regarding resource allocation. This decentralised system ensures that the economic planning is flexible and responsive to local requirements.

Though this system has historically been used throughout the Republic, this economic landscape underwent a significant transformation during the Digital Revolution of 2008. This pivotal event marked a turning point in various aspects of the Orlénié society—politically, administratively, and economically—as it harnessed the power of information technology to enhance society and the decentralised economic system.

With widespread adoption of digital tools, local councils gained access to advanced platforms and databases that streamlined the request-and-distribution process. Requests became more transparent and efficient, ensuring that resources were allocated where they were needed, as well as making it easier to request resources and goods from far away parts of the Republic. Digital platforms facilitated knowledge sharing and innovation, empowering regions to improve production methods, efficiency, and continue the upwards trend of technological advancement. Moreover, the Digital Revolution ushered in an era of heightened transparency; the sharing of data and information regarding resources availability, production capacity, shifts in demand and requirements, crises, interruptions to supply chains, etc., allowed local councils to make more informed decisions, leading to improved economic planning and allocation of resources.

The Digital Revolution of 2008 represented a significant leap forward in embracing technology to optimise economic processes. It not only streamlined resource allocation but made the system more responsive, standing as a testament to the Republic’s commitment to improvement and innovation.

Culture

Architecture

Largest Cities

Val Royeaux

Within the captivating realm of the Province of Val Royeaux lies the national capital, standing as a testament to opulence, prestige, and prosperity not only for the Republic as a state, but for the Orlénié people as a civilisation. The city exudes an air of lavishness and grandiosity, with magnificent palaces and their glistening marble façades rising against the backdrop of lush greenery, domes and towers reach towards the heavens. Gardens adorned with vibrant blooms and intricately sculpted fountains create a paradise of tranquillity, offering respite from the bustling streets of the city proper.

The streets themselves, however, are a spectacle of life and regal elegance. Lined with majestic buildings, resplendent marketplaces, and bustling squares, they hum with the energy of a thriving metropolis. The rich tapestry of architectural styles reflects the diverse influences that have shaped the Republic, blending classical elements with intricate detailing and modern designs. The city’s thoroughfares are graced by statues and monuments that celebrate the nation’s history, honouring its heroes and legends.

The River Zyra, with its serene flow, serves as a centrepiece for the city’s grandeur. Bridges adorned with ornate carvings and intricate artwork span the river, connecting the busy districts and allowing the flow of commerce and culture. The riverbanks are lined with elegant promenades, where residents and visitors alike stroll leisurely, savouring the picturesque vies and revelling in the atmosphere.

As the capital of the Republic, this lavish enclave serves not only as a seat of political power, but also as a cultural hub. The city’s theatres, galleries, museums, and other such centres showcase the artistic achievements of the nation, preserving and celebrating its rich culture and heritage. The echoes of music and the applause of audiences resonate through concert halls and opera houses, while the pages of literature come alive in the libraries and bookstores that adorn the cities’ many streets.

In the heart of this resplendent city, the capital of the Republic stands as a testament to the country’s vision of the future. It is a place where opulence and pomp harmonise with natural wonders and practical urban planning, creating a landscape that both captivates the sense and leaves and indelible mark on all who have the privilege to behold its magnificence.