This work is in the public domain in Russia according to article 1281 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, articles 5 and 6 of Law No. 231-FZ of the Russian Federation of December 18, 2006 (the Implementation Act for Book IV of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
This usually means that one of the following conditions is fulfilled.
This work was originally published before January 1, 1929 and the known author of this work died:[1]
(a) before January 1, 1950 or
(b) between January 1, 1950 and January 1, 1954, did not work during the Great Patriotic War and did not participate in it.
This work was originally published anonymously or under a pseudonym before January 1, 1929 and the name of the author did not become known during 50 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication.
This work is a film (a video fragment or a single shot from it):
(a) which was first shown before January 1, 1943[2] or
(b) which was created by legal entity between January 1, 1929 and January 1, 1929, provided that it was first shown in the stated period or was not shown until August 3, 1993.
This work is an information report (including photo report), which was created by an employee of TASS, ROSTA, or KarelfinTAG as part of that person’s official duties between July 10, 1925[3] and January 1, 1929, provided that it was first released in the stated period.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929. [1] If the author of this work was subjected to repression and rehabilitated posthumously, replace the death date by the later rehabilitation date. [2] Amateur films which were first shown on January 1, 1943 or later are subjects of points 1-2 of this template. [3]ROSTA reports created before July 10, 1925 are subjects of points 1-2 of this template.
This file is a Ukrainian or Ukrainian SSR work and it is presently in the public domainin Ukraine, because it was published before January 1, 1954, and the creator (if known) died before that date (details).
A Ukrainian or Ukrainian SSR work that is in the public domain in Ukraine according to this rule is in the public domain in the U.S. only if it was in the public domain in Ukraine before January 1, 1996, e.g. if it was published before January 1, 1946and the creator died before this date, and no copyright was registered in the U.S. (This is the combined effect of the retroactive [1], Ukraine's joining the Berne Convention in 1996, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.)
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it meets three requirements:
it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days),
it was first published before 1 March 1989 without copyright notice or before 1964 without copyright renewal or before the source country established copyright relations with the United States,
it was in the public domain in its home country (Russia) on the URAA date (1 January 1996).
For background information, see the explanations on Non-U.S. copyrights. Note: This tag should not be used for sound recordings.
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A Ukrainian or Ukrainian SSR work that is in the public domain in Ukraine according to this rule is in the public domain in the U.S. only if it was in the public domain in Ukraine before January 1, 1996, e.g. if it was published before January 1, 1946 and the creator died before this date, and no copyright was registered in the U.S. (This is the combined effect of the retroactive [1], Ukraine's joining the Berne Convention in 1996, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.)
