United Kingdom of Great Britain, Hanover, and Northern Ireland

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United Kingdom of Great Britain, Hanover, and Northern Ireland
Flag of UK / U.K.
Flag
Coat of arms of UK / U.K.
Coat of arms
Motto: "By God and By the People"
Anthem: "Onwards, Britannia!"
Location of UK / U.K.
Capital
and largest city
London
Official language
and national language
English (de facto)
Regional and minority languages
Religion
(2022)
Demonym(s)
Constituent countries
GovernmentUnitary[1] parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Alexandra
Keir Starmer
Jacqueline Carter
Lindsay Hoyle
The Lord Reed of Allermuir
LegislatureParliament
House of Lords
House of Commons
Formation
1535 and 1542
24 March 1603
1 May 1707
1 January 1801
5 December 1922
20 November 1924
Area
• Total
290,109 km2 (112,012 sq mi) (73rd)
• Water (%)
1.60
Population
• Estimate
75,974,724 (21st)
• Density
261/km2 (676.0/sq mi) (54th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$4.012 trillion (8th)
• Per capita
$52,807 (30th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$3.612 trillion (5th)
• Per capita
$47,542 (23rd)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 32.4
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.934
very high (17th)
CurrencyPound sterling (GBP)
Time zoneUTC+1
Driving sideleft
Calling code+44
Internet TLD.uk
  1. Although the United Kingdom has traditionally been seen as a unitary state, an alternative description of the UK as a "union state", put forward by, among others, Vernon Bogdanor, has become increasingly influential since the adoption of devolution in the 1990s. A union state is considered to differ from a unitary state in that while it maintains a central authority it also recognises the authority of historic rights and infrastructures of its component parts.