Sarcanza
Sarcanza is a province of The Golden Throne. Its population in M.C. 2031 was 460 million, according to that year's census record. It formally entered the imperial federation at the moment of its founding in M.C. 2004 and has remained so since, despite a suppressed revolt during the War of Golden Succession. Since the war's conclusion, Sarcanza has become part of a growing commercial port infrastructure connected to Macabea, dominating mercantile trade in central Greater Dienstad.
Government
The provincial government of Sarcanza is composed of three branches: executive and legislative, as well as a judicial branch subordinate to the imperial justice system.
The executive branch is led by that Althatul, a three-member council responsible for signing legislation into law. The Althatul also holds authority over the Sarcanzan Iilmanjadeen, a paramilitary law enforcement agency with jurisdiction over unincorporated provincial territory and the capital city of Marsa Bruth. Each member of the Althatul holds a six-year term and cannot be reelected. Elections are held every two years, each election focused on replacing one seat. The Althatul as a body holds veto and line-veto rights.
The Maja Alshajal (People's Council) and Mutamar Aldijar form the legislative branch. The Maja Alshajal is composed of thirty-four elected representatives known as Bayalis, whilethe Mutamar Aldijar is made up of eighteen Shayk. Only the Mutamar Aldijar holds the authority to overturn legislative vetos with a two-thirds majority vote. Both chambers can propose legislation and all proposals must first pass the Maja Alshajal, with a majority vote, before being voted on in the Mutamar Aldijar for passage to the Althatul.
History
Antiquity
The area of Sarcanza has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with a strong sedentary pastoral lifestyle developing in the foothills of the northern Sarcanzan mountains as early as the BMC 19th century. Fishing and trading communities, oftentimes composed of foreign colonists from the western port cities, thrived at intermittent points and established cities like Ben Harab, Sidi Azur, and Filandorij. By the BMC 11th century, most of these communities had built strong walls. Despite a recorded civilizational disaster sometime in the BMC 10th and 9th centuries, many of these sites revived in the subsequent centuries and new towns were founded.
However, the heart of indigenous Sarcanza has always lived in the foothills of the northern Zarbian mountains. The land is tough and arid, making it particularly bad for agriculture. The hill tribes have long relied on the grasslands of the small coastal plains to feed their livestock.
Frequent raiding and fighting between the coastal and hill communities was a persistent feature of life throughout antiquity. Improved defensive measures in the towns necessitated political and military improvements among the hill peoples, leading first to the development of petty chieftains, then of petty kings and other nobility. The first recorded state in what is today Sarcanza is the Kingdom of Mirbah, which was founded by Kalifata Malik jal-Hadid in BMC 247.
In BMC 162, much of coastal Sarcanza fell under the sway of the Roik of Díenstad. Between BMC 162–149, a series of bloody skirmishes took place between Díenstadi and indigenous military forces. The conflict was eventually settled with a resolution to respect the hill peoples' grazing rights on coastal grasslands, although the seasonal migration of herders and herds alike was regulated under the watchful eye of the army. A long period of peace persisted until the MC 4th century, during which the Dienstadi navy was incapable of defending the Sarcanzan coast from raids originating from across the sea, within the interior, and even from across the mountains. Dienstadi control over the trading and fishing towns slowly dissipated into the eartly MC 5th century, after which it ceased permanently.
First Empire of the Golden Throne
In the MC 9th century, much of the area between the coast and the mountains came under the control of Fatih bol-Shakir. He was proclaimed Kalifata by a divine collegiate composed of high priests of Fatuuma, Alii Orbana, Hajadmali, and Ras, and dozens of other minor gods and godesses, in MC 871. His dynasty ruled for three generations, until the kingdom dissolved in MC 907.
In MC 931, Zaahid gyl-Khalili was proclaimed Kalifata and led a large army out of the mountains and into the lush valleys of the western fiefdoms and principalities. Order to the west had broken down during the long wars between the local warlords and the all-conquering Frommian armies that carved out the Empire of the Golen Throne. The Kalifataj-alal of Qadehla, as gyl-Khalili's kingdom became to be known, prospered at first thanks to the loot brought back from the warzone around the city of Sidi Rezegh. The war also meant that the lands of Qadehla were relatively free from outside raiding and invasions. The Kalifataj-alal prospered for five generations, until MC 1014.
By MC 980, Frommian cavalry armies were raiding into the coastal desert plains of the northeastern frontier, as well as into the central continent rainforests south of the northern Zarbian mountains. By this time Frommian rule was consolidated in the west, the territory of what today are known as the core provinces, aside from Sarcanza, having been formed into the Empire of the Golden Throne. A full fledge invasion of the coastal plains east of Sidi Rezegh was launched in MC 1009, the war ending six years later with the conquest of the territory. The first known record of the use of the name Sarcanza to name the far eastern imperial territory was in MC 1079, in an extant letter from the imperial governor Iwan Verhagen to Radiant Jochum II. Into the MC 12th century, Sarcanza as the official imperial name for the territory became established and is well recorded in the primary sources and archeological record.
Fatja of bal-Haran
A general rebellion broke out in MC 1217 over a dispute on pastoral rights to the coastal grasslands, after the imperial territorial capital at Marsa Bruth attempted to restrict the range of pastoral migration. After initial outbreaks of violence in the inland towns that spread to the coastal cities, a fatja—holy war—was issued by Kalif Miqdaad bal-Haran.
However, the rebellion's forces were poorly organized and there were severe internal disagreements between the tribal authorities over the direction of the war. The rebellion was put down by MC 1224.
Fatja of bel-Lasak
In MC 1247, a second fatja was issued against the Empire of the Golden Thorne, this time by Kalif Muhadma bel-Lasak. Bel-Lasak had served in the imperial army and had campaigned in the vast central jungle and the endless southern steppes, rising to the rank of cavalry officer and leading a unit of Sarcanzan horsemen. His military experience and knowledge for matters of war allowed bel-Lasak to quickly consolidate power in the territory's highlands, bringing all the foothill towns to his side in an effort to expel imperial garrisons from their coastal forts.
In MC 1249, after an eighteen-month siege, bel-Lasak took Marsa Bruth, slaughtered thousands of its inhabitants, and sold the rest into slavery. The city itself was sacked and set on fire. For this achievement, he was given a coveted priesthood of Lusaib. In 1250, after a two-month siege, bel-Lasak took the fortress town of Wadi Madarq. He took Wadi Jebilah and its fortress, which sat above the fishing town atop a height which overlooked the main route through a valley leading into the rolling hills of Sidi Rezegh. With Wadi Jebilah in his hands, bel-Lasak could intercept an imperial army before it entered into the territory. He proceeded to mop up the imperial garrisons throughout the territorities and established the Kalifataj-alal of Khamaz.
In MC 1251 and 1252, bel-Lasak led raiding parties into Sidi Rezegh. In the latter year, he was given a priesthood for Fatuuma and the next for Alii Orbana. That year, MC 1253, Kalif bel-Lasak launched an invasion of the Principality of Kozechia, to the north of Sarcanza. The principalities' lands were put to waste and its capital, the fortress town of Kopel, besieged, taken, and razed.
After raiding Kozechia again in 1254 and 1255, bel-Lasak was surprised by a sudden advance on the fortress at Wadi Jebilah. Imperial forces marched by land, but also landed by sea, to assault the fortress on both sides. The garrison was finally defeated and slaughtered after an eight-day siege of the castle keep.
Using the opening of the valley gates into Sarcanza to their immediate advantage, an imperial army marched into the territory under the command of Rid Jelle do Veldpape. Bel-Lasak met the enemy on the open fields on a site 11 kilometers from Marsa Bruth on 15 May 1256 and was defeated after an eleven-hour battle that lasted well into to the evening.
Kríerstat Epok
Sidi Rezegh occupied the various tribes and cities that made up the stretch of land east of this republic and north of the Zarbian mountains in 1914. Administration of the territory as a single entity officially ended with the dissolution of the First Empire in 1898 and governance devolved down to dozens of small councils, city governments, and hill tribes. The occupation was initially opposed by indigenous rebels under the command of Kalif Thaamir bal-Ghanem, a priest of Alii Orbana from the vibrant fishing town of Thadmuk. Under bal-Ghanem, Sarcanzan militants known as Iilmanjadeen (Army of Faith) waged an ongoing and initially successful guerrilla war against overstretched Rezeghian occupation forces. The Rezeghian army eventually snuffed bal-Ghanem's forces out of the coastal zones and into the hills, culminating with the Wadijh operation of 1926 that permanently broke bal-Ghanem influence over the populous areas of the territory. Although sporadic fighting and ongoing terrorist attacks continued into the 1970s, the war against Rezeghian occupation of Sarcanza officially ended in 1927 with the signing of the Treaty of Erbibayr.
Administration of Sarcanza peacefully transitioned to the Kingdom of Dienstad in 1974, when the city of Sidi Rezegh was occupied by the Dienstadi Ejermakt. In 1979, a revolt broke out in response to the arrest and execution of Kalif Wisaam gyl-Mannan, a renown priest of Fatuuma and loud advocate for Sarcanzan independence under indigenous rule. In response to terrorist attacks in Macabea, Sidi Rezegh, and other cities of the kingdom, Dienstad surged its forces in the territory from an initial garrison of just 4,000 soldiers in 1979 to a peak force of 200,000 soldiers in 1984. By 1989, Dienstadi military forces had reduced down to 40,000, and the 'Rebellion of gyl-Mannan' ended in 1994 with the Treaty of Habafal.
By the new millenium, parts of Sarcanza had undergone tremendous change. Cities like the administrative capital of Marsa Bruth, as well as a number of urbanities along the coast, atracted colonists from Dienstad, Weigar, and Sidi Rezegh, as well as retired military personnel awarded land allotments at the 'wild' margins of the kingdom.
Large parts of the interior remained underdeveloped and although taxes were collected, the hill tribes continued to exist largely outside of the direct influence of either the royal government in Macabea or the territorial authority in Marsa Bruth. In exchange for peace, this arrangement was tolerated.
Twenty-First Century
The Treaty of Habafal held until 2016 and ended with the outbreak of the War of Golden Succession. The transition of royal to imperial government went largely unnoticed in Sarcanza, despite the nominally momentous change of status from mere territory to full-fledge core provence of the empire. Although the elevation in administrative status certainly came welcome to the large minority of western colonists, it did not alter the status quo among the hill tribes. These remained effectively autonomous.
Large pastoral, the hill communities owned large flocks of sheep, along with goats and pigs. The only cash crop that grows in the hills is poppy and this plant began to spread in the 1920s, reaching colossal proportions by the early 2000s. Sarcanza became, and remains, one of the most significant exporters of raw opium in central Greater Dienstad. Its product soon flowed through the factories of the coastal cities, turning it into refined opium, heroin, and codeine, where it was sold to the distributors in the burdgeoning cities of Dienstad, Weigar, and Beda Fromm. Despite concerns from the other provinces, this drug trade remains largely unmolested, although closely regulated, to this day.
Although living standards did improve somewhat in the mountanous and arid interior of Sarcanza, the economy of the coastal townships boomed in the mid- and late 2000s. Marsa Bruth grew from around 17,000 inhabitants in 1930, to 260,000 in 1950, 490,000 in 1990, and 570,000 in 2000. By the outbreak of the rebellion in 2016, Marsa Bruth had 710,000 inhabitants. Other towns and cities experienced a similar, although perhaps not quite as dramatic, pace of growth.
Rebellion, MC 2016–22
The divergence in the pace of growth between the coastal and rural communities provoked resentment. And while the coastal population had grown significantly, so did that of the mountain tribes. With the outbreak of the Weigari rebellion and Heinrik's challenge to the throne, the Iilmanjadeen was mustered by decree of Kalif Hudhaifa bal-Nagi, a priest of Alii Orbana. Because the Ejermacht had stripped its various garrisons across the empire to reinforce the defense of Fedala against the early war Weigari offensive on the imperial capital, when the Iilmanjadeen launched its large offensives against the administrative cities of Marsa Bruth and Prokhorovka in mid-2016, these were underdefended and fell easily.
After the Havenic invasion of Ruska a few weeks later, the central governments capacity to put down the Sarcanzan revolt was effectively neutralized. Fighting continued throughout the province, but the bulk of the armed forces were fighting in the central and southern fronts. A series of amphibious raids on rebel fortifications along the coast between MC 2016–17, culminating with the Siege of Pir-Sar in September MC 2017, led to the eventual reoccupation of Marsa Bruth in February 2018. Prokhorovka was retaken in April, Falluppur and Gal Miroh in July, and Kamyazd in October.
By spring MC 2019, coastal Sarcanza was firmly in imperial control and over the next three years a series of military offensives in the hills methodically reduced the Iilmanjadeen's presence, driving it further into the mountains and eventually into Zarbia. These campaigns resulted in significant destruction of property and loss of civilian life among the indigenous foothill communities.
The Treaty of Pir-Sar, signed in MC 2022, officially renewed Sarcanza's status as a core province of the empire. Fighting in the upper hills continued until 2027, after the annexation of Zarbia into the Golden Throne and the eradication of rebel safehavens in that country.
Post-War Commercial Hub
In the immediate aftermath of the War of Golden Succession, Sarcanza remained under effectively military administration until the official end of wartime emergency status in MC 2022. However, even as soon as early 2020, the Kríermada invested heavily in port infrastructure along the Sarcanzan coast to better distribute the warships of the significantly-sized Kríergrup Macabea. This was deemed a national defense priority after the Stevidian nuclear strike on Macabea harbor in 2018 and so saw willing financial involvement from the imperial government.
The gradually growing military presence revived civilian migration to the coastal cities from the western provinces, as well as from Sarcanza's interior. This migration increased after the Treaty of Pir-Sar, and commercial maritime infrastruture expanded in its wake.
By MC 2031, Sarcanza's commercial ports are highly integrated with the much larger international freight hub of Macabea. The smaller ports in Sarcanza often provide overfill support, allowing Macabea to take on a much larger volume of freight than overwise possible. The Macabea-Marsa Bruth commercial zone is the largest in central Greater Dienstad, through which more than half of the trade between eastern and western Greater Dienstad flows.
Insatiable demand for labor in the coastal cities attracted millions of Sarcanzans from the hill towns down the coastal plains, and by MC 2031 roughly 83 percent of the province's population is urban.