Shahee Sansad: Difference between revisions

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| native_name_lang  = {{wp|hindi language|Matrabashi}}
| native_name_lang  = {{wp|hindi language|Matrabashi}}
| transcription_name =  
| transcription_name =  
| legislature        = 22nd Shahee Sansad
| legislature        = 20th Shahee Sansad
| logo_pic          = ShaheeSansad.png
| logo_pic          = ShaheeSansad.png
| logo_res          = 300
| logo_res          = 300
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| website            = <!--{{URL|www.example.com}}-->
| website            = <!--{{URL|www.example.com}}-->
| constitution      = Constitution of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar<br>Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad
| constitution      = Constitution of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar<br>Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad
| footnotes          = 1 = Required by Standing Orders
| footnotes          = 1 = Required to be independent by Standing Orders
}}
}}
The '''Parliament of Rajyaghar''', officially called and commonly referred to as the '''Shahee Sansad''', is the {{wp|federal}} and supreme {{wp|legislature}} of the [[Rajyaghar|Kingdom of Rajyaghar]]. A {{wp|unicameral}} legislature, the Shahee Sansad is made up of a mixture of elected and appointed individuals who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). As the head of all branches of the government, the [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Monarch]] has the exclusive power to summon, {{wp|prorogation|prorogue}} and {{wp|Dissolution of parliament|dissolve}} the Shahee Sansad but by convention this is only done following the Monarch taking advice from the [[Prime Minister of Rajyaghar|Prime Minister]].
The '''Parliament of Rajyaghar''', officially called and commonly referred to as the '''Shahee Sansad''', is the {{wp|federal}} and supreme {{wp|legislature}} of the [[Rajyaghar|Kingdom of Rajyaghar]]. A {{wp|unicameral}} legislature, the Shahee Sansad is made up of a mixture of elected and appointed individuals who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). As the head of all branches of the government, the [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Monarch]] has the exclusive power to summon, {{wp|prorogation|prorogue}} and {{wp|Dissolution of parliament|dissolve}} the Shahee Sansad but by convention this is only done following the Monarch taking advice from the [[Prime Minister of Rajyaghar|Prime Minister]].
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==Composition==
==Composition==
Sansad ke Sadasy is the official name given to members of the Shahee Sansad, abbreviated as SS and used as a suffix. Commonly, Sansad ke Sadasy are referred to via the {{wp|English language|estmerish}} translation of the name; {{wp|Member of Parliament}} <small>(abbrv. MP)</small>.
The Shahee Sansad is made up of 450 members which belong to one of three 'classes', all being called Members of Parliament.
# Class 1 - {{wp|First-past-the-post voting|Directly elected}}, {{wp|Single-member district|single member}} {{wp|electoral district|constituency}} representatives (260)
# Class 2 - [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Monarch]]-appointed individuals (78)
# Class 3 - Registered [[Rajyaghar#Clans|clan leaders]] (112)
Class 1 members are directly elected by the electorate via a first-past-the-post voting system in electoral districts named constituencies. These constituencies are represented by only one class 1 Member of Parliament and the borders of the constituencies are drawn up by the Independent Boundary Commission (IBC), a non-partisan public body. Class 1 members are elected every 5 years, or earlier, at the general election and are not term limited.
Class 2 members are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Independent Royal Appointments Commission (IRAC), a non-partisan public body which also provides the Monarch wtih advice regarding the appointment of ambassadors, chief civil servants and other positions. Class 2 members are first appointed for a term of 12 years and can then be reappointed for additional, renewable 6 year terms. Class 2 members must retire at age 75.
Class 3 members are the leaders of registered clans with the [[Ministry of Clan and Local Affairs]] (MCLA). At present, there are 112 registered clans. If more clans are recognised by the MCLA, then the number of Class 3 members increases at the expense of Class 2 membership as when class 2 members conclude their term they will not be invited to return. Class 3 members serve for as long as they are leaders of their clans. Leadership of clans is an internal clan affair but their leadership process must be uniform and recorded by the MCLA.
Upon dissolution of Parliament, all 3 classes lose membership within the Shahee Sansad. However, upon its return, previous class 2 and class 3 members are automatically reinstated with their terms continuing on and not restarting. Due to the partisan nature of the Shahee Sansad, class 2 and 3 members will often align themselves with a political party in order to obtain key positions on parliamentary committees. Class 3 members will often join the political party to which most of their clan belong.


===Speaker of the House===
===Speaker of the House===
The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the Shahee Sansad must have a Speaker and at least two Deputy Speakers to preside over sessions of the Parliament. As per the Constitution, the Speaker and Deputy Speakers, must be elected by a simple majority of members present aand voting in the Parliament. Other than being Members of Parliament, the Constitution does not set out any specific qualifications for being elected Speaker. However, the Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad dictate that the Speaker and Deputy Speakers must be elected from class 1 members of parliament and that the Speaker must resign their political party membership when they become Speaker in order to be independent and non-partisan. Due to the impartiality of the Speaker, there is an unwritten convention that political parties will not contest the election of the Speaker's constituency so as to allow them to run unopposed.
The Speaker is both a member and presiding officer of the Shahee Sansad and conducts regular business in the Parliament. However, the Speaker does not vote except on those rare occasions when there is a tie at the end of a decision. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the senior Deputy Speaker shall become Acting Speaker of the Shahee Sansad and a new election for Speaker will take place. Speakers and Deputy Speakers can be removed by the Shahee Sansad through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the House being required to vote in favour of removal. If no Deputy Speakers are available, the Monarch will appoint an acting-Speaker.
In the 20th Shahee Sansad, Devki Modhwadia is the current Speaker. Mr. Modhwadia has served as Speaker since the opening of the 19th Shahee Sansad in September 2015.


===Parliamentary Leadership===
===Parliamentary Leadership===
The parliamentary leadership of the Shahee Sansad can be split into functional leadership and party political leadership. The functional leadership consists of the Speaker and Deputy Speakers with the party political leadership consisting of the parliamentary leaders of the political parties. Each political party typically has the following parliamentary leadership:
{| class="wikitable"
!colspan="1"|Party Political Leadership Position
!colspan="1"|Position if in Government
!colspan="1"|Position if in the official opposition
|-
|Party Leader
|Prime Minister
|Leader of the Opposition
|-
|Deputy Party Leader
|Senior Secretary of State
|Senior Shadow Secretary of State
|-
|Caucus Leader<sup>[[Shahee Sansad#References|1]]</sup>
|Leader of the House
|Shadow Leader of the House
|-
|Chief Whip
|Government Chief Whip
|Opposition Chief Whip
|}
The order of precedence within the Shahee Sansad is as follows:
# Speaker of the House
# Deputy Speakers (x2)
# [[Premier of Rajyaghar]]
# [[Cabinet of Rajyaghar|Cabinet Ministers]]
# Opposition Party Leaders (by parliamentary party size)
# Members of Parliament (by length of service)


==Powers and Duties==
==Powers and Duties==
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==Privileges==
==Privileges==
==References==
<small>[[Shahee Sansad#Parliamentary Leadership|1]] = Caucus leader is often merged with Party Leader for political parties which are neither the Governing or Official Opposition parties.</small>


{{Rajyaghar}}
{{Rajyaghar}}

Revision as of 15:04, 23 March 2021

Template:Region icon Kylaris

Shahee Sansasd

शाही संसद
20th Shahee Sansad
ShaheeSansad.png
Type
Type
Term limits
5 years, renewable
History
FoundedOctober 17, 1946 (1946-10-17)
Preceded bySatria Etrurianan Colonial Administration
New session started
September 15, 2020 (2020-09-15)
Leadership
Krishan VII
since April 1984
Speaker
Devki Modhwadia1
since September 2015
Madhava Thakur, RRP
since September 2010
Leader of the House
Mahadaji Randhawa, RRP
since August 2016
Leader of the Opposition
Ekanath Nayak, CP
since January 2021
Shadow Leader of the House
Prem Dalavi, CP
since January 2021
Structure
20thShaheeSansad.svg
Political groups
HM Government
  Rajyani Rashtriya Party (259)
HM Loyal Opposition
  Cooperative Party (89)
Other opposition
  Liberal Party (37)
  Irfanic Coalition (49)
  Tarkhana National Party (13)
  Independents (3)
CommitteesSee Shahee Sansad Committees
Joint committees
Committee of the House
Length of term
5 years
AuthorityMonarch, Constitution
Elections
Mixture of first-past-the-post elections and royal appointments
First election
1946
Last election
2020
Next election
2025
Motto
"Sadbhaav mein, Satyanishtha se"
Transl.: In Concord, With Integrity
Meeting place
New Delhi government block 03-2016 img3.jpg
The Sansad Bhavan, Government Hill, Kinadica
ShaheeSansadChamber.jpg
Chamber of the Shahee Sansad
Constitution
Constitution of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar
Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad
Footnotes
1 = Required to be independent by Standing Orders

The Parliament of Rajyaghar, officially called and commonly referred to as the Shahee Sansad, is the federal and supreme legislature of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar. A unicameral legislature, the Shahee Sansad is made up of a mixture of elected and appointed individuals who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). As the head of all branches of the government, the Monarch has the exclusive power to summon, prorogue and dissolve the Shahee Sansad but by convention this is only done following the Monarch taking advice from the Prime Minister.

The Shahee Sansad, and wider rajyani government, is modelled off of the Northabbey model in which the executive government (the Central Union Government) finds its members from within the legislature (the Shahee Sansad). Whilst the Monarch is the one to appoint the Prime Minister, by convention, the political party or coalition that holds a majority of seats in the Shahee Sansad, will nominate its leader to be the Prime Minister and will choose from amongst itself members who will serve in the Central Union Government. Due to the government of the day being required to have the support of a majority in the Shahee Sansad, it is not unusual for their to be early elections if they lose this support.

Of the 450 Members of Parliament, 260 are directly elected by the Rajyani electorate voting in single-member districts in a first-past-the-post system. 78 MPs are appointed by the Monarch on the advice given by an independent advisory board and an additional 112 are appointed based on their positions as heads of the 112 registered Clans of Rajyaghar. Due to this makeup, Rajyaghar is often considered a southern democracy or flawed democracy.

The Parliament meets at the Sansad Bhavan in Government Hill, Kinadica.

History

Parliamentary Complex

Layout of the Parliamentary Complex with the Sansad Bhavan (right) and Sangh Bhavan (left) shown.

Sansad Bhavan

Sangh Bhavan

Composition

Sansad ke Sadasy is the official name given to members of the Shahee Sansad, abbreviated as SS and used as a suffix. Commonly, Sansad ke Sadasy are referred to via the estmerish translation of the name; Member of Parliament (abbrv. MP).

The Shahee Sansad is made up of 450 members which belong to one of three 'classes', all being called Members of Parliament.

  1. Class 1 - Directly elected, single member constituency representatives (260)
  2. Class 2 - Monarch-appointed individuals (78)
  3. Class 3 - Registered clan leaders (112)

Class 1 members are directly elected by the electorate via a first-past-the-post voting system in electoral districts named constituencies. These constituencies are represented by only one class 1 Member of Parliament and the borders of the constituencies are drawn up by the Independent Boundary Commission (IBC), a non-partisan public body. Class 1 members are elected every 5 years, or earlier, at the general election and are not term limited.

Class 2 members are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Independent Royal Appointments Commission (IRAC), a non-partisan public body which also provides the Monarch wtih advice regarding the appointment of ambassadors, chief civil servants and other positions. Class 2 members are first appointed for a term of 12 years and can then be reappointed for additional, renewable 6 year terms. Class 2 members must retire at age 75.

Class 3 members are the leaders of registered clans with the Ministry of Clan and Local Affairs (MCLA). At present, there are 112 registered clans. If more clans are recognised by the MCLA, then the number of Class 3 members increases at the expense of Class 2 membership as when class 2 members conclude their term they will not be invited to return. Class 3 members serve for as long as they are leaders of their clans. Leadership of clans is an internal clan affair but their leadership process must be uniform and recorded by the MCLA.

Upon dissolution of Parliament, all 3 classes lose membership within the Shahee Sansad. However, upon its return, previous class 2 and class 3 members are automatically reinstated with their terms continuing on and not restarting. Due to the partisan nature of the Shahee Sansad, class 2 and 3 members will often align themselves with a political party in order to obtain key positions on parliamentary committees. Class 3 members will often join the political party to which most of their clan belong.

Speaker of the House

The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the Shahee Sansad must have a Speaker and at least two Deputy Speakers to preside over sessions of the Parliament. As per the Constitution, the Speaker and Deputy Speakers, must be elected by a simple majority of members present aand voting in the Parliament. Other than being Members of Parliament, the Constitution does not set out any specific qualifications for being elected Speaker. However, the Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad dictate that the Speaker and Deputy Speakers must be elected from class 1 members of parliament and that the Speaker must resign their political party membership when they become Speaker in order to be independent and non-partisan. Due to the impartiality of the Speaker, there is an unwritten convention that political parties will not contest the election of the Speaker's constituency so as to allow them to run unopposed.

The Speaker is both a member and presiding officer of the Shahee Sansad and conducts regular business in the Parliament. However, the Speaker does not vote except on those rare occasions when there is a tie at the end of a decision. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the senior Deputy Speaker shall become Acting Speaker of the Shahee Sansad and a new election for Speaker will take place. Speakers and Deputy Speakers can be removed by the Shahee Sansad through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the House being required to vote in favour of removal. If no Deputy Speakers are available, the Monarch will appoint an acting-Speaker.

In the 20th Shahee Sansad, Devki Modhwadia is the current Speaker. Mr. Modhwadia has served as Speaker since the opening of the 19th Shahee Sansad in September 2015.

Parliamentary Leadership

The parliamentary leadership of the Shahee Sansad can be split into functional leadership and party political leadership. The functional leadership consists of the Speaker and Deputy Speakers with the party political leadership consisting of the parliamentary leaders of the political parties. Each political party typically has the following parliamentary leadership:

Party Political Leadership Position Position if in Government Position if in the official opposition
Party Leader Prime Minister Leader of the Opposition
Deputy Party Leader Senior Secretary of State Senior Shadow Secretary of State
Caucus Leader1 Leader of the House Shadow Leader of the House
Chief Whip Government Chief Whip Opposition Chief Whip

The order of precedence within the Shahee Sansad is as follows:

  1. Speaker of the House
  2. Deputy Speakers (x2)
  3. Premier of Rajyaghar
  4. Cabinet Ministers
  5. Opposition Party Leaders (by parliamentary party size)
  6. Members of Parliament (by length of service)

Powers and Duties

Legislative Function

Executive Function

Judicial Function

Sessions of Parliament

State Opening of the Shahee Sansad

Legislative Procedure

Privileges

References

1 = Caucus leader is often merged with Party Leader for political parties which are neither the Governing or Official Opposition parties.